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Outcomes in COVID-19 convalescent plasma studies

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All studies   Mortality   Ventilation   ICU   Hospitalization   Serious outcomes   Recovery   Viral clearance   RCTs   RCT mortality   Peer-reviewed   All outcomes  
0 0.5 1 1.5+ All studies -0% 41 24,249 Improvement, Studies, Patients Relative Risk Mortality -0% 40 23,179 Ventilation 2% 14 2,626 ICU admission -15% 6 2,275 Hospitalization 4% 12 3,290 Progression 2% 12 2,659 Recovery -0% 8 13,798 Viral clearance 17% 6 1,021 RCTs -0% 39 23,813 RCT mortality 0% 38 22,743 Peer-reviewed -0% 37 23,876 Early -36% 5 1,508 Late -0% 36 22,741 Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19 c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Favorsconv. plasma Favorscontrol
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.09-2.65] death 2/80 4/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Balcells (RCT) -247% 3.47 [0.35-11.9] death 5/28 2/30 Korley (RCT) -396% 4.96 [0.58-42.2] death 5/250 1/248 Alemany (DB RCT) 80% 0.20 [0.01-4.14] death 0/188 2/188 Gharbharan (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.06-16.0] death 1/207 1/209 Tau​2​ = 0.49, I​2​ = 30.4%, p = 0.6 Early treatment -36% 1.36 [0.44-4.17] 13/753 10/755 36% increased risk Gharbharan (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.25-2.41] death 6/43 11/43 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Li (RCT) 35% 0.65 [0.27-1.39] death 8/51 12/50 Avendaño-Solà (RCT) 88% 0.12 [0.01-2.11] death 0/38 4/43 PLACID Agarwal (RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.73-1.58] death 34/235 31/229 Bajpai (RCT) -323% 4.23 [0.43-41.6] death 3/14 1/15 AlQahtani (RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.08] death 1/20 2/20 PlasmAr Simonovich (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.50-1.83] death 25/228 12/105 Ray (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.30-1.50] death 10/40 14/40 RECOVERY Recovery Co.. (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.93-1.07] death 1,399/5,795 1,408/5,763 Gonzalez -7% 1.07 [0.76-1.50] death 60/130 26/60 OT​1​ Pouladza.. (SB RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.16-2.29] death 3/30 5/30 Bennett-.. (DB RCT) 19% 0.81 [0.36-1.86] death 16/59 5/15 PLACOVID Sekine (RCT) -38% 1.38 [0.73-2.63] death 18/80 13/80 COVIDIT Kirenga (RCT) -21% 1.21 [0.51-2.89] death 10/69 8/67 CAPRI Hsue (DB RCT) -212% 3.12 [0.14-71.7] death 1/16 0/18 DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.52-1.88] death 320 (n) 163 (n) CONCOR-1 Bégin (RCT) -13% 1.13 [0.88-1.45] death 156/625 69/313 CAPSID Körper (RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.33-1.22] death 11/53 17/52 TSUNAMI Menichetti (RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.39-1.49] death 14/231 19/240 Holm (RCT) 45% 0.55 [0.11-2.84] death 2/17 3/14 CONTAIN COVID-19 Ortigoza (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.63-1.20] death 59/462 71/462 PennCCP2 Bar (RCT) 81% 0.19 [0.04-0.84] death 40 (n) 39 (n) Sullivan (DB RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.75] death 0/592 3/589 Jalili (RCT) -45% 1.45 [0.74-2.87] death 16/60 11/60 Baldeón (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.37-2.11] death 7/63 12/95 PROTECT-Patient van den Berg (RCT) 17% 0.83 [0.41-1.68] death 11/52 13/51 De Santis (RCT) 13% 0.87 [0.48-1.56] death 11/36 25/71 Rojas (SB RCT) -220% 3.20 [0.64-16.0] death 46 (n) 45 (n) COOP-COVID-19-MCTI Song (RCT) -52% 1.52 [0.70-3.27] death 22/87 7/42 CORIPLASM Lacombe (RCT) 49% 0.51 [0.20-1.32] death 7/60 12/60 CCAP-2 Thorlaci.. (DB RCT) -76% 1.76 [0.62-5.01] death 15/98 4/46 PassItOn Self (DB RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.73-1.44] death 89/482 80/465 REMAP-CAP Higgins (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.86-1.14] death 370/944 324/790 ICU patients Denkinger (RCT) 8% 0.92 [0.75-1.11] death 68 (n) 66 (n) CSSC-004 Baksh (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.94-1.09] no recov. 381/538 381/532 Alshamrani (PSM) -14% 1.14 [0.79-1.45] death 24/41 108/205 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.89 Late treatment -0% 1.00 [0.96-1.05] 2,789/11,763 2,711/10,978 0% increased risk All studies -0% 1.00 [0.96-1.05] 2,802/12,516 2,721/11,733 0% increased risk 41 convalescent plasma COVID-19 studies c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.86 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) ​1​ OT: comparison with other treatment Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.09-2.65] 2/80 4/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Balcells (RCT) -247% 3.47 [0.35-11.9] 5/28 2/30 Korley (RCT) -396% 4.96 [0.58-42.2] 5/250 1/248 Alemany (DB RCT) 80% 0.20 [0.01-4.14] 0/188 2/188 Gharbharan (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.06-16.0] 1/207 1/209 Tau​2​ = 0.49, I​2​ = 30.4%, p = 0.6 Early treatment -36% 1.36 [0.44-4.17] 13/753 10/755 36% increased risk Gharbharan (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.25-2.41] 6/43 11/43 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Li (RCT) 35% 0.65 [0.27-1.39] 8/51 12/50 Avendaño-Solà (RCT) 88% 0.12 [0.01-2.11] 0/38 4/43 PLACID Agarwal (RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.73-1.58] 34/235 31/229 Bajpai (RCT) -323% 4.23 [0.43-41.6] 3/14 1/15 AlQahtani (RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.08] 1/20 2/20 PlasmAr Simonovich (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.50-1.83] 25/228 12/105 Ray (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.30-1.50] 10/40 14/40 RECOVERY Recovery Co.. (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.93-1.07] 1,399/5,795 1,408/5,763 Gonzalez -7% 1.07 [0.76-1.50] 60/130 26/60 OT​1​ Pouladza.. (SB RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.16-2.29] 3/30 5/30 Bennett-.. (DB RCT) 19% 0.81 [0.36-1.86] 16/59 5/15 PLACOVID Sekine (RCT) -38% 1.38 [0.73-2.63] 18/80 13/80 COVIDIT Kirenga (RCT) -21% 1.21 [0.51-2.89] 10/69 8/67 CAPRI Hsue (DB RCT) -212% 3.12 [0.14-71.7] 1/16 0/18 DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.52-1.88] 320 (n) 163 (n) CONCOR-1 Bégin (RCT) -13% 1.13 [0.88-1.45] 156/625 69/313 CAPSID Körper (RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.33-1.22] 11/53 17/52 TSUNAMI Menichetti (RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.39-1.49] 14/231 19/240 Holm (RCT) 45% 0.55 [0.11-2.84] 2/17 3/14 CONTAIN COVID-19 Ortigoza (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.63-1.20] 59/462 71/462 PennCCP2 Bar (RCT) 81% 0.19 [0.04-0.84] 40 (n) 39 (n) Sullivan (DB RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.75] 0/592 3/589 Jalili (RCT) -45% 1.45 [0.74-2.87] 16/60 11/60 Baldeón (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.37-2.11] 7/63 12/95 PROTECT-Patient van den Berg (RCT) 17% 0.83 [0.41-1.68] 11/52 13/51 De Santis (RCT) 13% 0.87 [0.48-1.56] 11/36 25/71 Rojas (SB RCT) -220% 3.20 [0.64-16.0] 46 (n) 45 (n) COOP-COVID-19-MCTI Song (RCT) -52% 1.52 [0.70-3.27] 22/87 7/42 CORIPLASM Lacombe (RCT) 49% 0.51 [0.20-1.32] 7/60 12/60 CCAP-2 Thorlaci.. (DB RCT) -76% 1.76 [0.62-5.01] 15/98 4/46 PassItOn Self (DB RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.73-1.44] 89/482 80/465 REMAP-CAP Higgins (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.86-1.14] 370/944 324/790 ICU patients Denkinger (RCT) 8% 0.92 [0.75-1.11] 68 (n) 66 (n) Alshamrani (PSM) -14% 1.14 [0.79-1.45] 24/41 108/205 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.99 Late treatment -0% 1.00 [0.95-1.05] 2,408/11,225 2,330/10,446 0% increased risk All studies -0% 1.00 [0.95-1.05] 2,421/11,978 2,340/11,201 0% increased risk 40 convalescent plasma COVID-19 mortality results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.96 ​1​ OT: comparison with other treatment Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.09-2.65] 2/80 4/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Balcells (RCT) -163% 2.63 [0.43-9.10] 5/28 2/30 Gharbharan (DB RCT) 67% 0.33 [0.01-8.16] 0/207 1/209 Tau​2​ = 0.30, I​2​ = 22.8%, p = 1. Early treatment 0% 1.00 [0.28-3.54] 7/315 7/319 0% improvement PLACID Agarwal (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.54-1.81] 19/227 19/224 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Bajpai (RCT) -221% 3.21 [0.38-27.4] 3/14 1/15 AlQahtani (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.22-2.01] 4/20 6/20 CAPRI Hsue (DB RCT) -425% 5.25 [0.27-102] 2/16 0/18 DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) -8% 1.08 [0.65-1.80] 320 (n) 163 (n) TSUNAMI Menichetti (RCT) -4% 1.04 [0.62-1.75] 25/231 25/240 Holm (RCT) 69% 0.31 [0.01-7.09] 0/17 1/14 PennCCP2 Bar (RCT) 51% 0.49 [0.18-1.30] 5/40 10/39 PROTECT-Patient van den Berg (RCT) 67% 0.33 [0.04-3.04] 1/52 3/51 CCAP-2 Thorlaci.. (DB RCT) -37% 1.37 [0.29-6.52] 6/94 2/43 Denkinger (RCT) -2% 1.02 [0.59-1.77] 19/68 18/66 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.87 Late treatment 2% 0.98 [0.76-1.25] 84/1,099 85/893 2% improvement All studies 2% 0.98 [0.77-1.25] 91/1,414 92/1,212 2% improvement 14 convalescent plasma COVID-19 mechanical ventilation results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.89 Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 67% 0.33 [0.07-1.60] 2/80 6/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.17 Early treatment 67% 0.33 [0.07-1.60] 2/80 6/80 67% improvement DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.74-1.34] 320 (n) 163 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Sullivan (DB RCT) 25% 0.75 [0.17-3.32] 3/592 4/589 Jalili (RCT) -8% 1.08 [0.72-1.63] 27/60 25/60 CCAP-2 Thorlaci.. (DB RCT) -31% 1.31 [0.45-3.82] 12/89 4/39 Alshamrani (PSM) -43% 1.43 [1.13-1.80] 37 (n) 166 (n) Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 4.8%, p = 0.036 Late treatment -20% 1.20 [1.01-1.43] 42/1,098 33/1,017 20% increased risk All studies -15% 1.15 [0.92-1.44] 44/1,178 39/1,097 15% increased risk 6 convalescent plasma COVID-19 ICU results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.02, I​2​ = 26.5%, p = 0.23 Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Korley (RCT) 10% 0.90 [0.64-1.26] hosp. 51/257 56/254 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Alemany (DB RCT) -5% 1.05 [0.60-1.84] hosp. 22/188 21/188 Gharbharan (DB RCT) 39% 0.61 [0.28-1.34] hosp. 10/207 18/209 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.39 Early treatment 11% 0.89 [0.68-1.16] 83/652 95/651 11% improvement Bajpai (RCT) 25% 0.75 [0.55-1.04] hosp. time 14 (n) 15 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control AlQahtani (RCT) 22% 0.78 [0.57-1.07] hosp. time 20 (n) 20 (n) Pouladza.. (SB RCT) -30% 1.30 [0.99-1.71] hosp. time 30 (n) 30 (n) PLACOVID Sekine (RCT) -67% 1.67 [0.01-470] hosp. time 80 (n) 80 (n) Holm (RCT) -62% 1.62 [0.76-3.46] hosp. time 17 (n) 14 (n) Sullivan (DB RCT) 54% 0.46 [0.26-0.80] hosp. 17/592 37/589 Jalili (RCT) -10% 1.10 [0.89-1.36] hosp. time 60 (n) 60 (n) CORIPLASM Lacombe (RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.00-9700] hosp. time 60 (n) 60 (n) Alshamrani (PSM) -32% 1.32 [1.07-1.63] hosp. time 41 (n) 205 (n) Tau​2​ = 0.06, I​2​ = 67.1%, p = 0.93 Late treatment 1% 0.99 [0.78-1.24] 17/914 37/1,073 1% improvement All studies 4% 0.96 [0.80-1.16] 100/1,566 132/1,724 4% improvement 12 convalescent plasma COVID-19 hospitalization results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.05, I​2​ = 59.4%, p = 0.71 Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.09-2.65] death 2/80 4/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Balcells (RCT) -247% 3.47 [0.35-11.9] death 5/28 2/30 Korley (RCT) -396% 4.96 [0.58-42.2] death 5/250 1/248 Alemany (DB RCT) 80% 0.20 [0.01-4.14] death 0/188 2/188 Gharbharan (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.06-16.0] death 1/207 1/209 Tau​2​ = 0.49, I​2​ = 30.4%, p = 0.6 Early treatment -36% 1.36 [0.44-4.17] 13/753 10/755 36% increased risk Gharbharan (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.25-2.41] death 6/43 11/43 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Li (RCT) 35% 0.65 [0.27-1.39] death 8/51 12/50 Avendaño-Solà (RCT) 88% 0.12 [0.01-2.11] death 0/38 4/43 PLACID Agarwal (RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.73-1.58] death 34/235 31/229 Bajpai (RCT) -323% 4.23 [0.43-41.6] death 3/14 1/15 AlQahtani (RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.08] death 1/20 2/20 PlasmAr Simonovich (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.50-1.83] death 25/228 12/105 Ray (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.30-1.50] death 10/40 14/40 RECOVERY Recovery Co.. (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.93-1.07] death 1,399/5,795 1,408/5,763 Gonzalez -7% 1.07 [0.76-1.50] death 60/130 26/60 OT​1​ Pouladza.. (SB RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.16-2.29] death 3/30 5/30 Bennett-.. (DB RCT) 19% 0.81 [0.36-1.86] death 16/59 5/15 PLACOVID Sekine (RCT) -38% 1.38 [0.73-2.63] death 18/80 13/80 COVIDIT Kirenga (RCT) -21% 1.21 [0.51-2.89] death 10/69 8/67 CAPRI Hsue (DB RCT) -212% 3.12 [0.14-71.7] death 1/16 0/18 DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.52-1.88] death 320 (n) 163 (n) CONCOR-1 Bégin (RCT) -13% 1.13 [0.88-1.45] death 156/625 69/313 CAPSID Körper (RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.33-1.22] death 11/53 17/52 TSUNAMI Menichetti (RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.39-1.49] death 14/231 19/240 Holm (RCT) 45% 0.55 [0.11-2.84] death 2/17 3/14 CONTAIN COVID-19 Ortigoza (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.63-1.20] death 59/462 71/462 PennCCP2 Bar (RCT) 81% 0.19 [0.04-0.84] death 40 (n) 39 (n) Sullivan (DB RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.75] death 0/592 3/589 Jalili (RCT) -45% 1.45 [0.74-2.87] death 16/60 11/60 Baldeón (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.37-2.11] death 7/63 12/95 PROTECT-Patient van den Berg (RCT) 17% 0.83 [0.41-1.68] death 11/52 13/51 De Santis (RCT) 13% 0.87 [0.48-1.56] death 11/36 25/71 Rojas (SB RCT) -220% 3.20 [0.64-16.0] death 46 (n) 45 (n) COOP-COVID-19-MCTI Song (RCT) -52% 1.52 [0.70-3.27] death 22/87 7/42 CORIPLASM Lacombe (RCT) 49% 0.51 [0.20-1.32] death 7/60 12/60 CCAP-2 Thorlaci.. (DB RCT) -76% 1.76 [0.62-5.01] death 15/98 4/46 PassItOn Self (DB RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.73-1.44] death 89/482 80/465 REMAP-CAP Higgins (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.86-1.14] death 370/944 324/790 ICU patients Denkinger (RCT) 8% 0.92 [0.75-1.11] death 68 (n) 66 (n) Alshamrani (PSM) -14% 1.14 [0.79-1.45] death 24/41 108/205 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.99 Late treatment -0% 1.00 [0.95-1.05] 2,408/11,225 2,330/10,446 0% increased risk All studies -0% 1.00 [0.95-1.05] 2,421/11,978 2,340/11,201 0% increased risk 40 convalescent plasma COVID-19 serious outcomes c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.96 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) ​1​ OT: comparison with other treatment Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Alemany (DB RCT) -5% 1.05 [0.85-1.30] no recov. 188 (n) 188 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Gharbharan (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.88-1.16] no recov. 137/207 137/209 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.73 Early treatment -2% 1.02 [0.91-1.15] 137/395 137/397 2% increased risk Gharbharan (RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.49-1.60] no disch. 43 (n) 43 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control RECOVERY Recovery Co.. (RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.97-1.06] no disch. 1,963/5,795 1,941/5,763 CAPSID Körper (RCT) 16% 0.84 [0.62-1.14] no recov. 30/53 35/52 PROTECT-Patient van den Berg (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.62-1.71] no disch. 18/46 19/50 Rojas (SB RCT) 38% 0.62 [0.40-0.97] no disch. 46 (n) 45 (n) CSSC-004 Baksh (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.94-1.09] no recov. 381/538 381/532 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 16.3%, p = 0.85 Late treatment 1% 0.99 [0.94-1.05] 2,392/6,521 2,376/6,485 1% improvement All studies -0% 1.00 [0.97-1.04] 2,529/6,916 2,513/6,882 0% increased risk 8 convalescent plasma COVID-19 recovery results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.85 Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Alemany (DB RCT) -4% 1.04 [0.97-1.11] viral load 188 (n) 188 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.33 Early treatment -4% 1.04 [0.97-1.11] 0/188 0/188 4% increased risk Li (RCT) 76% 0.24 [0.07-0.64] viral+ 4/26 15/23 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control PLACID Agarwal (RCT) 28% 0.72 [0.55-0.95] viral+ 56/173 76/169 Bajpai (RCT) 32% 0.68 [0.42-1.09] viral load 14 (n) 15 (n) COVIDIT Kirenga (RCT) -50% 1.50 [0.81-2.77] viral time 67 (n) 67 (n) Rojas (SB RCT) -25% 1.25 [0.36-4.33] viral+ 46 (n) 45 (n) Tau​2​ = 0.15, I​2​ = 65.5%, p = 0.22 Late treatment 25% 0.75 [0.48-1.18] 60/326 91/319 25% improvement All studies 17% 0.83 [0.60-1.15] 60/514 91/507 17% improvement 6 convalescent plasma COVID-19 viral clearance results c19early.org/cp Jun 2023 Tau​2​ = 0.09, I​2​ = 74.8%, p = 0.26 Favors conv. plasma Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ INFANT-COVID-19 Libster (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.09-2.65] death 2/80 4/80 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Balcells (RCT) -247% 3.47 [0.35-11.9] death 5/28 2/30 Korley (RCT) -396% 4.96 [0.58-42.2] death 5/250 1/248 Alemany (DB RCT) 80% 0.20 [0.01-4.14] death 0/188 2/188 Gharbharan (DB RCT) -1% 1.01 [0.06-16.0] death 1/207 1/209 Tau​2​ = 0.49, I​2​ = 30.4%, p = 0.6 Early treatment -36% 1.36 [0.44-4.17] 13/753 10/755 36% increased risk Gharbharan (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.25-2.41] death 6/43 11/43 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Li (RCT) 35% 0.65 [0.27-1.39] death 8/51 12/50 Avendaño-Solà (RCT) 88% 0.12 [0.01-2.11] death 0/38 4/43 PLACID Agarwal (RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.73-1.58] death 34/235 31/229 Bajpai (RCT) -323% 4.23 [0.43-41.6] death 3/14 1/15 AlQahtani (RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.08] death 1/20 2/20 PlasmAr Simonovich (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.50-1.83] death 25/228 12/105 Ray (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.30-1.50] death 10/40 14/40 RECOVERY Recovery Co.. (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.93-1.07] death 1,399/5,795 1,408/5,763 Pouladza.. (SB RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.16-2.29] death 3/30 5/30 Bennett-.. (DB RCT) 19% 0.81 [0.36-1.86] death 16/59 5/15 PLACOVID Sekine (RCT) -38% 1.38 [0.73-2.63] death 18/80 13/80 COVIDIT Kirenga (RCT) -21% 1.21 [0.51-2.89] death 10/69 8/67 CAPRI Hsue (DB RCT) -212% 3.12 [0.14-71.7] death 1/16 0/18 DAWn-plasma Devos (RCT) 1% 0.99 [0.52-1.88] death 320 (n) 163 (n) CONCOR-1 Bégin (RCT) -13% 1.13 [0.88-1.45] death 156/625 69/313 CAPSID Körper (RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.33-1.22] death 11/53 17/52 TSUNAMI Menichetti (RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.39-1.49] death 14/231 19/240 Holm (RCT) 45% 0.55 [0.11-2.84] death 2/17 3/14 CONTAIN COVID-19 Ortigoza (DB RCT) 12% 0.88 [0.63-1.20] death 59/462 71/462 PennCCP2 Bar (RCT) 81% 0.19 [0.04-0.84] death 40 (n) 39 (n) Sullivan (DB RCT)