Accelerated vascular ageing after COVID-19 infection: the CARTESIAN study

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf430", "ISSN": [ "0195-668X", "1522-9645" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf430", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Background and Aims</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 survivors experience long-term cardiovascular complications possibly through development of vascular damage. The study aimed to investigate whether accelerated vascular ageing occurs after COVID-19 infection, and if so, identify its determinants.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n <jats:p>This prospective, multicentric, cohort study, included 34 centres in 16 countries worldwide, in 4 groups of participants—COVID-19-negative controls (ⅰ) and three groups of individuals with recent (6 ± 3 months) exposure to SARS-CoV-2: not hospitalized (ⅱ), hospitalized in general wards (ⅲ), and hospitalized in intensive care units (ⅳ). The main outcome was carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), an established biomarker of large artery stiffness.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n <jats:p>2390 individuals (age 50 ± 15 years, 49.2% women) were recruited. After adjustment for confounders, all COVID-19-positive groups showed higher PWV (+0.41, +0.37, and +0.40 m/s for groups 2–4, P &amp;lt; .001, P = .001 and P = .003) vs. controls [PWV 7.53 (7.09; 7.97) m/s adjusted mean (95% CI)]. In sex-stratified analyses, PWV differences were significant in women [PWV (+0.55, +0.60, and +1.09 m/s for groups 2–4, P &amp;lt; .001 for all)], but not in men. Among COVID-19 positive women, persistent symptoms were associated with higher PWV, regardless of disease severity and cardiovascular confounders [adjusted PWV 7.52 (95% CI 7.09; 7.96) vs. 7.13 (95% CI 6.67; 7.59) m/s, P &amp;lt; .001]. A stable or improved PWV after 12 months was found in the COVID+ groups, whereas a progression was observed in the COVID− group.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n <jats:p>COVID-19 is associated with early vascular ageing in the long term, especially in women.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>", "article-number": "ehaf430", "author": [ { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-3356", "affiliation": [ { "name": "INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre—PARCC, Université Paris Cité , 56 Rue Leblanc, Paris 75015 ,", "place": [ "France" ] }, { "name": "AP-HP, Pharmacology Unit, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , 20 Rue Leblanc, Paris 75015 ,", "place": [ "France" ] } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Bruno", "given": "Rosa Maria", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre—PARCC, Université Paris Cité , 56 Rue Leblanc, Paris 75015 ,", "place": [ "France" ] } ], "family": 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