Iodine: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

All studies Mortality Ventilation ICU Serious outcomes RCTs RCT mortality Peer-reviewed All outcomes

Outcome (studies)

Improvement

Relative risk · 95% CI

All studies (1)−10%

Mortality (1)−10%

Ventilation (1)34%

ICU admission (1)30%

RCTs (1)−10%

Late (1)−10%

00.511.5+

← Iodine
reduces riskIncreased
risk →

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c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.21death13/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 mechanical ventilation results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)34%0.66 · 0.25–1.726/6710/74

Late treatment34%0.66 · 0.25–1.726/6710/7434% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.41

All studies34%0.66 · 0.25–1.726/6710/7434% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.4100.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 ICU results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)30%0.70 · 0.29–1.717/6711/74

Late treatment30%0.70 · 0.29–1.717/6711/7430% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.44

All studies30%0.70 · 0.29–1.717/6711/7430% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.4400.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 serious outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.21death13/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trials

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.21death13/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 RCT mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 peer reviewed studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.21death13/6713/74

Late treatment−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.79

All studies−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.2113/6713/7410% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.7900.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Iodine COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Traksel (RCT)−10%1.10 · 0.55–2.21death13/6713/74 Traksel (RCT)34%0.66 · 0.25–1.72ventilation6/6710/74 Traksel (RCT)30%0.70 · 0.29–1.71ICU7/6711/74

00.511.52+

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← Iodine
reduces riskIodine
increases risk →