rhu-pGSN: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

All studies Mortality Ventilation Serious outcomes RCTs RCT mortality Peer-reviewed All outcomes

Outcome (studies)

Improvement

Relative risk · 95% CI

All studies (1)−3%

Mortality (1)−3%

Ventilation (1)48%

RCTs (1)−3%

Late (1)−3%

00.511.5+

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskIncreased
risk →

.hmva--anim-stagger .hmva__row{opacity:1}.hmva--anim .hmva__shade{opacity:var(--shade-opacity)}.hmva--anim-stagger .est .ci{transform:translateY(-50%)}.hmva--anim-stagger .est .pt{transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.hmva--anim-stagger .hmva__bar{transform:none}.hmva--anim-settle .est .pt{left:calc(min(var(--pt), 1.5) / var(--max) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .est .ci{left:calc(var(--lo) / var(--max) * 100%);width:calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo)) / var(--max) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .hmva__bar--drug{width:calc(min(1, var(--rr)) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .hmva__bar--control{width:calc(min(1, 1 / var(--rr)) * 100%)}

.fp--anim .fp__study,.fp--anim .fp__sum,.fp--anim .fp__het,.fp--anim .fp__dia,.fp--anim .fp__verdict,.fp--anim .fp__pooled{opacity:1}.fp--anim .fp__ci{transform:none}.fp--anim .fp__pt{transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.fp--anim .fp__plot::before{opacity:var(--shade-opacity)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__pt{left:calc(min(var(--pt),var(--max))/var(--max)*100%)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__ci,.fp--anim-settle .fp__dia{left:calc(var(--lo)/var(--max)*100%);width:calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo))/var(--max)*100%)}

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.87death2/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 mechanical ventilation results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)48%0.52 · 0.14–1.883/306/31

Late treatment48%0.52 · 0.14–1.883/306/3148% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.32

All studies48%0.52 · 0.14–1.883/306/3148% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3200.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 serious outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.87death2/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trials

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.87death2/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 RCT mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 peer reviewed studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.87death2/302/31

Late treatment−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.98

All studies−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.872/302/313% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.9800.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Rhu-pGSN COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

DiNubile (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.16–6.87death2/302/31 DiNubile (DB RCT)48%0.52 · 0.14–1.88ventilation3/306/31 DiNubile (DB RCT)−29%1.29 · 0.38–4.35progression5/304/31

00.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← rhu-pGSN
reduces riskrhu-pGSN
increases risk →