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Azvudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), designed to interfere with the replication of RNA viruses. Azvudine targets the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a critical enzyme that SARS-CoV-2 uses to replicate its RNA genome. Azvudine was originally developed for other viral diseases, such as HIV and hepatitis.
Recent:Zhu Zhang Ren Xu Li Zhang.
Azvudine was adopted
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Summary.
Dec 23 |
Azvudine reduces COVID-19 risk: real-time meta analysis of 27 studies | |
| Significantly lower risk is seen for mortality, progression, and viral clearance. 20 studies from 17 independent teams in 2 countries show significant benefit. Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 29% [18‑.. | ||
Dec 12 |
et al., Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2024.12.004 | Real-world efficacy and safety of azvudine in hospitalized older patients with COVID-19 during the omicron wave in China: A retrospective cohort study |
| 22% lower mortality (p=0.001), 13% higher hospital discharge (p=0.05), 1% shorter hospitalization (p=0.43), and 10% faster viral clearance (p<0.0001). PSM retrospective 3,998 hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged 60 years and older in China showing lower all-cause mortality, higher rate of discharge, and shorter time to viral clearance with azvudine treatment. | ||
Nov 22 |
et al., Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1390098 | Efficacy of azvudine plus dexamethasone in severe hospitalized patients with Omicron infection: a prospective multicenter study |
| 43% lower progression (p=0.03) and 14% faster viral clearance (p=0.02). Prospective multicenter study of 209 severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing improved 28-day composite outcomes, faster viral clearance, and higher PaO2/FiO2 levels with azvudine plus dexamethasone compared to dexamethasone.. | ||
Nov 17 |
et al., Journal of Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106355 | Real-world effectiveness and safety of Azvudine in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study |
| 32% lower mortality (p<0.0001) and 12% lower progression (p=0.01). PSM retrospective 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing lower all-cause mortality and disease progression with azvudine treatment. | ||
Nov 7 |
et al., Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1453234 | Systematic evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness of Azvudine in treating COVID-19 hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study |
| 75% lower mortality (p=0.02) and 63% lower progression (p=0.02). Retrospective 264 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing lower risk of composite disease progression and all-cause mortality with azvudine treatment. | ||
Oct 7 |
et al., Infection and Drug Resistance, doi:10.2147/IDR.S481591 | Efficacy of Azvudine Therapy in Patients with Severe and Non-Severe COVID‐19: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis |
| 32% higher mortality (p=0.2), 62% higher ventilation (p=0.22), 7% higher ICU admission (p=0.89), and 9% shorter hospitalization (p=0.05). PSM retrospective 303 hospitalized patients treated with azvudine and 303 matched controls in China, showing shorter hospital stay and higher lymphocyte improvement rate, particularly for non-severe patients, however there were no signifi.. | ||
Jul 31 |
et al., Chinese Chemical Letters, doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110238 | Azvudine alleviates SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation by targeting myeloperoxidase in NETosis |
| In Silico, In Vitro, and rhesus macaque study showing that azvudine (FNC) alleviates SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation by targeting myeloperoxidase (MPO) and reducing neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Authors demonstrated FNC's.. | ||
Jul 12 |
et al., The Clinical Respiratory Journal, doi:10.1111/crj.13798 | Efficacy and Safety of Azvudine in Patients With COVID‐19 in China: A Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies |
| 39% lower mortality (p<0.0001) and 33% lower progression (p=0.009). Meta analysis of 24 studies with 11,830 COVID-19 patients in China, showing significantly lower mortality, lower combined mortality/ventilation/ICU admission, and faster viral clearance with azvudine compared to SOC. In studies comparing .. | ||
Jun 24 |
et al., Journal of Zhejiang University - SCIENCE B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology, doi:10.1631/jzus.B2300538 | Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 infection in China during the Omicron wave: a single-center cohort study |
| 42% higher mortality (p=0.64). Retrospective 324 hospitalized kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 showing no significant benefit with molnupiravir, paxlovid, or azvudine. The study was conducted during the omicron wave in China between December 2022 and January .. | ||
Jun 13 |
et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0298772 | Effectiveness and safety of azvudine in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| 52% lower mortality (p<0.0001), 10% lower ventilation (p=0.71), and 31% lower ICU admission (p=0.51). Meta analysis of 21 studies (7 studies have no control, comparing with paxlovid) with 10,011 COVID-19 patients showing lower mortality and faster viral clearance with azvudine treatment compared to standard of care or placebo, while there.. | ||
Apr 30 |
et al., Infections in the immunosuppressed and immunocompromised host, doi:10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_MeetingAbstracts.A2917 | Effectiveness of Azvudine and Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in Kidney Transplant Recipients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| 45% lower progression (p=0.36). Retrospective 148 hospitalized kidney transplant patients with COVID-19 in China showing lower risk of disease progression with azvudine treatment compared, and higher risk with paxlovid treatment. | ||
Apr 1 |
et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4157424/v1 | Azvudine reduces the mortality rate of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019: a single-center retrospective analysis study |
| 35% lower mortality (p=0.05). Retrospective 2,862 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing lower mortality with azvudine treatment. | ||
Mar 27 |
et al., Advanced Science, doi:10.1002/advs.202306050 | Azvudine for the Treatment of COVID‐19 in Pre‐Existing Cardiovascular Diseases: A Single‐Center, Real‐World Experience |
| 81% lower mortality (p=0.0008). Retrospective 351 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases in China, showing lower mortality with azvudine treatment. | ||
Mar 4 |
et al., Journal of Cancer, doi:10.7150/jca.91530 | A Retrospective Analysis of Azvudine in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Cancer |
| 11% shorter hospitalization (p=0.26) and 50% improved viral clearance (p=0.03). PSM retrospective 84 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cancer in China, showing faster viral clearance with azvudine. There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay or ICU admission. | ||
Feb 23 |
et al., Virology Journal, doi:10.1186/s12985-024-02316-y | Effectiveness of azvudine in reducing mortality of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 studies showing significantly lower mortality with azvudine compared to no antiviral treatment in COVID-19 patients. The mortality benefit was seen in both mild/moderate and severe disease, as wel.. | ||
Feb 12 |
et al., Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 5:1 | Effects of Azvudine on the Low-Risk Patients Infected with COVID-19 Omicron Variants: A Retrospective Case-Control Study |
| 1% slower recovery (p=0.9). Retrospective 481 low-risk COVID-19 patients in China showing no significant difference in recovery or symptomatic severity with azvudine, but slightly lower total viral load. | ||
Feb 9 |
et al., Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53862-y | Comparison of azvudine, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in adult patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| Retrospective 157 hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients showing no significant differences between azvudine, molnupiravir, and paxlovid for time to viral clearance and length of hospitalization. | ||
Feb 9 |
et al., eClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102468 | Antiviral effectiveness and survival correlation of azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in elderly severe patients with COVID-19: a retrospective real-world study |
| 20% lower mortality (p=0.44) and 3% lower progression (p=0.91). Retrospective 249 elderly patients with severe COVID-19, 128 treated with azvudine, 66 treated with paxlovid, and 55 receiving neither treatment, showing no significant differences for Ct value changes, progression, or survival for either.. | ||
Jan 31 |
et al., Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, doi:10.1177/15330338241248573 | Impact of Anti-angiogenic Drugs on Severity of COVID-19 in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| 13% higher mortality (p=0.85). Retrospective 166 hospitalized NSCLC patients with COVID-19 showing no significant difference in mortality with paxlovid or azvudine in univariate analysis. | ||
Jan 18 |
et al., International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107096 | Small-molecule antivirals treatment for COVID-19: A systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| Systematic review and network meta-analysis of 160 studies involving over 900,000 COVID-19 patients assessing the efficacy and safety of small-molecule antivirals. For azvudine, significant benefits were found for mortality, mechanical ve.. | ||
Jan 5 |
et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3707560/v1 | Risk of severe case in COVID-19 patients and Azvudine: A Retrospective cohort study after exit from ‘zero-COVID’ policy |
| 29% lower mortality (p=0.03). Retrospective 4,201 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, showing lower mortality with azvudine. | ||
Nov 7 2023 |
et al., Heliyon, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21941 | Inflammatory predictors (eosinophil, C-RP and IL-6) and effectiveness of oral Azvudine tablets treatment in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: A retrospective, self-controlled study |
| Retrospective 60 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, 32 treated with azvudine for 7-14 days. The azvudine group had impoved eosinophil counts, CRP, IL-6, fibrinogen, NT-proBNP, and improved lung CT findings, suggesting reduced inflam.. | ||
Oct 21 2023 |
et al., Heliyon, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21387 | Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among 572 fully vaccinated (BBIBP-CorV) hospitalized patients |
| 24% lower progression (p=0.44). Retrospective 572 fully vaccinated hospitalized patients in China, showing lower risk with azvudine treatment, without statistical significance. The composite outcome included intubation, non-invasive respiratory support, ICU admission, a.. | ||
Oct 19 2023 |
et al., Frontiers in Medicine, doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1215916 | Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study: a study on the safety and clinical efficacy of AZVUDINE in moderate COVID-19 patients |
| 82% improved recovery (p=0.01) and 13% faster viral clearance (p=0.03). RCT 179 hospitalized patients in Brazil, showing improved recovery with azvudine treatment. | ||
Oct 13 2023 |
et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1274294 | Head-to-head comparison of azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for the hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a real-world retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching |
| no change in mortality (p=1), 28% lower ventilation (p=0.04), 55% lower ICU admission (p=0.05), and 22% lower progression (p=0.07). PSM retrospective 725 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China compared the effectiveness and safety of the oral antivirals azvudine and paxlovid. There was no significant difference in the risk of disease progression between groups, but a.. | ||
Oct 12 2023 |
et al., Frontiers in Microbiology, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1280026 | Secondary pulmonary infection and co-infection in elderly COVID-19 patients during the pandemics in a tertiary general hospital in Beijing, China |
| 22% lower mortality (p=0.15). Retrospective 322 hospitalized patients ≥65 in China, showing lower mortality with azvudine treatment, without statistical significance. | ||
Sep 30 2023 |
et al., Infection and Drug Resistance, doi:10.2147/IDR.S423725 | Efficacy of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir versus Azvudine for COVID-19 Treatment in Tibet: A Retrospective Study |
| Retrospective propensity-matched analysis of 227 COVID-19 patients in Tibet, China comparing azvudine to paxlovid. Overall, azvudine had comparable viral clearance time and clinical outcomes to paxlovid. However, for mild COVID-19 cases, .. | ||
Aug 31 2023 |
et al., Journal of Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2023.05.012 | Azvudine versus Paxlovid for oral treatment of COVID-19 in Chinese patients with pre-existing comorbidities |
| 64% lower mortality (p=0.11), 67% lower ventilation (p=0.28), and 48% lower progression (p=0.03). Retrospective 2,118 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, showing improved results with azvudine vs. paxlovid. | ||
Aug 24 2023 |
, K., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1228548 | Efficacy and safety evaluation of Azvudine in the prospective treatment of COVID-19 based on four phase III clinical trials |
| Review of four phase III clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of azvudine, a nucleoside analog, for the treatment of COVID-19. The trials were conducted in China, Russia, and Brazil on patients with mild to moderate disease... | ||
Jul 23 2023 |
et al., Microorganisms, doi:10.3390/microorganisms11071859 | Composite Interventions on Outcomes of Severely and Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China |
| 56% lower mortality (p=0.007). Retrospective 1,082 severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients in China showing lower 60 day mortality with azvudine. Mortality was also lower with paxlovid, but without statistical significance, and health related quality of life was.. | ||
Jul 20 2023 |
et al., Journal of Medical Virology, doi:10.1002/jmv.28947 | Oral azvudine for mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 in high risk, nonhospitalized adults: Results of a real‐world study |
| 91% lower mortality (p=0.09), 75% lower hospitalization (p=0.05), and 16% improved recovery (p=0.19). PSM retrospective 804 high-risk, nonhospitalized adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 in China. The study compared outcomes between 317 patients who received azvudine with 487 patients who received standard supportive treatment only. The.. | ||
Jul 14 2023 |
et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3145554/v1 | Effectiveness and Optimal Timing of Azvudine in COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-center Retrospective Study in Beijing, China |
| 37% lower mortality (p=0.05) and 3% greater improvement (p=0.73). PSM retrospective 6,218 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing lower 28-day all-cause mortality with azvudine treatment compared to controls (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40-1.00). Subgroup analysis found significantly faster clinical impro.. | ||
Jul 13 2023 |
et al., Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2023.07.007 | Azvudine reduces the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study |
| 62% lower mortality (p=0.0002). PSM retrospective 1072 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in China, showing lower mortality with azvudine treatment. | ||
May 5 2023 |
et al., eClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101981 | Oral Azvudine for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing conditions: a retrospective cohort study |
| 54% lower mortality (p=0.16), 38% lower need for oxygen therapy (p=0.15), and 48% lower progression (p=0.02). PSM retrospective 490 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing conditions in China showing that azvudine was associated with a significantly lower risk of the composite outcome of disease progression, driven largely by lower rates.. | ||
Apr 30 2023 |
et al., Cardiology Plus, doi:10.1097/CP9.0000000000000049 | All-cause mortality in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury receiving versus not receiving azvudine: a propensity score-matched analysis |
| 6% lower mortality (p=0.88). PSM retrospective 332 hospitalized moderate to critically ill COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury in China, showing improved 14 day mortality but no difference in overall in-hospital mortality with azvudine treatment. | ||
Jan 23 2023 |
et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2023.01.23.23284899 | Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| 74% lower mortality (p=0.04), 91% lower ventilation (p=0.06), 75% lower ICU admission (p=0.37), and 57% lower progression (p=0.05). PSM retrospective 900 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China showing lower risk of disease progression and death with azvudine treatment. | ||
Jan 6 2023 |
et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2023.01.05.23284180 | Oral Azvudine (FNC) Tablets in Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| 12% slower recovery (p=0.95) and 32% improved viral clearance (p=0.04). Retrospective 207 COVID-19 patients in China, showing azvudine associated with faster viral clearance, with azvudine-treated patients obtaining a negative PCR test result 1.7 days faster on average compared to supportive care alone after .. | ||
Dec 6 2021 |
et al., Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00835-6 | Azvudine is a thymus-homing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug effective in treating COVID-19 patients |
| Analysis of azvudine (FNC) as a thymus-homing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug effective in treating COVID-19 patients. Authors found that FNC inhibited SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 coronavirus replication in vitro with EC50 between 1.2 and 4.3 μM. Oral .. | ||
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