Azvudine reduces the mortality rate of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019: a single-center retrospective analysis study

{ 'institution': [{'name': 'Research Square'}], 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 2]], 'date-time': '2024-04-02T01:21:38Z', 'timestamp': 1712020898680}, 'posted': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]]}, 'group-title': 'In Review', 'reference-count': 15, 'publisher': 'Research Square Platform LLC', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]], 'date-time': '2024-04-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1711929600000}, 'content-version': 'unspecified', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'accepted': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 24]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p><jats:bold>Background: </jats:bold>Several therapeutic drugs have been ' 'authorized for the treatment of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, ' 'further research on the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and target populations of these novel ' 'therapeutic drugs are necessary. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ' 'azvudine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.\n' '<jats:bold>Methods: </jats:bold>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with ' 'COVID-19 admitted to our hospital from December 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023. Patients were ' 'divided into retrospective cohorts receiving azvudine antiviral therapy and standard ' 'treatment, and were followed-up for up to 28 days.\n' '<jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> Prior to data processing, azvudine treatment was associated ' 'with reduced mortality rates at 7 days (1.09/1000 persons vs.5.06/1000 persons,<jats:italic> ' 'p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001)and 14 days (3.35/1000 persons vs. 5.65/1000 persons,<jats:italic> ' 'p</jats:italic>=0.001). After propensity score matching, a decrease in mortality rates at 7 ' 'days (0.08/1000 persons vs.6.29/1000 persons, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001), 14 days ' '(3.42/1000 persons vs. 7.26/1000 persons, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001), and 28 days ' '(4.33/1000 persons vs. 7.29/1000 persons, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>=0.003) were observed ' 'following azvudine treatment. After inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment, ' 'the results were consistent with propensity score matching. In the clinical subgroup ' 'analysis, for hospitalized severe and critical patients with COVID-19, azvudine treatment ' 'intervention significantly reduced patient mortality rates.\n' '<jats:bold>Conclusions: </jats:bold>The study suggests that in hospitalized patients with ' 'COVID-19, azvudine treatment significantly reduces patient mortality rates in hospitalized ' 'COVID-19 infections, wherein the effects are more pronounced in severe and critical ' 'patients.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.21203/rs.3.rs-4157424/v1', 'type': 'posted-content', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]], 'date-time': '2024-04-01T16:37:57Z', 'timestamp': 1711989477000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Azvudine reduces the mortality rate of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019: a single-center ' 'retrospective analysis study', 'prefix': '10.21203', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Zhen', 'family': 'Zhong', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Xiao-feng', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Xiao-zhong', 'family': 'Zhou', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Jia-ning', 'family': 'Zhong', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Li-cheng', 'family': 'Zhou', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Rong', 'family': 'Li', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}, { 'given': 'Xian-fa', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University'}]}], 'member': '8761', 'reference': [ { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'ref1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '474', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMc2206277', 'article-title': '“Nirmatrelvir for Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19.”', 'volume': '387', 'author': 'Morris Andrew M', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Morris, Andrew M, and Todd C Lee. “Nirmatrelvir for Nonhospitalized ' 'Adults with Covid-19.” The New England journal of medicine vol. 387,5 ' '(2022): 474–475. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2206277.', 'journal-title': 'The New England journal of medicine'}, { 'key': 'ref2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Gentile Ivan', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Gentile, Ivan et al. “Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the ' 'Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study.” ' 'Vaccines vol. 10,10 1731. 17 Oct. 2022, doi:10.3390/vaccines10101731;', 'DOI': '10.3390/vaccines10101731;'}, { 'issue': '10359', 'key': 'ref3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1213', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01586-0', 'article-title': '“Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir plus ' 'ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and in-hospital outcomes ' 'among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an observational study', 'volume': '400', 'author': 'Wong Carlos KH', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Wong, Carlos K H et al. “Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and ' 'nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and ' 'in-hospital outcomes among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with ' 'confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an ' 'observational study.” Lancet (London, England) vol. 400,10359 (2022): ' '1213–1222. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01586-0;', 'journal-title': 'Lancet (London, England)'}, { 'key': 'ref4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Xie Yan', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Xie, Yan et al. “Molnupiravir and risk of post-acute sequelae of ' 'covid-19: cohort study.” BMJ (Clinical research ed.) vol. 381 e074572. ' '25 Apr. 2023, doi:10.1136/bmj-2022-074572.', 'DOI': '10.1136/bmj-2022-074572'}, { 'key': 'ref5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Zhang Jin-Lan', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Zhang, Jin-Lan et al. “Azvudine is a thymus-homing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug ' 'effective in treating COVID-19 patients.” Signal transduction and ' 'targeted therapy vol. 6,1 414. 6 Dec. 2021, ' 'doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00835-6.', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41392-021-00835-6'}, { 'key': 'ref6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1633', 'DOI': '10.1007/s15010-023-02028-5', 'article-title': 'The impact of early therapies for COVID-19 on death, hospitalization ' 'and persisting symptoms: a retrospective study.” Infection', 'volume': '51', 'author': 'Bertuccio Paola', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Bertuccio, Paola et al. “The impact of early therapies for COVID-19 on ' 'death, hospitalization and persisting symptoms: a retrospective study.” ' 'Infection vol. 51,6 (2023): 1633–1644. doi:10.1007/s15010-023-02028-5.'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14393', 'article-title': '“Analysis of All-Cause Hospitalization and Death Among Nonhospitalized ' 'Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 Infection Treated With ' 'Molnupiravir or Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir During the Omicron Wave in Hong ' 'Kong.” JAMA network open vol. 6,5 e2314393', 'author': 'Lui David TW', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Lui, David T W et al. “Analysis of All-Cause Hospitalization and Death ' 'Among Nonhospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 ' 'Infection Treated With Molnupiravir or Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir During the ' 'Omicron Wave in Hong Kong.” JAMA network open vol. 6,5 e2314393. 1 May. ' '2023, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14393.'}, { 'key': 'ref8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Gao Yuan', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Gao, Yuan et al. “Antiviral effect of azvudine and ' 'nirmatrelvir-ritonavir among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.” The ' 'Journal of infection vol. 86,6 (2023): e158-e160. ' 'doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2023.03.023', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jinf.2023.03.023'}, { 'key': 'ref9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Fayzullina Daria', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Fayzullina, Daria et al. “FNC: An Advanced Anticancer Therapeutic or ' 'Just an Underdog?.” Frontiers in oncology vol. 12 820647. 10 Feb. 2022, ' 'doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.820647', 'DOI': '10.3389/fonc.2022.820647'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': 'ref10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e28756', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.28756', 'article-title': '“Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine versus nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in ' 'hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.”', 'volume': '95', 'author': 'Deng Guangtong', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Deng, Guangtong et al. “Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine versus ' 'nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A ' 'retrospective cohort study.” Journal of medical virology vol. 95,4 ' '(2023): e28756. doi:10.1002/jmv.28756.', 'journal-title': 'Journal of medical virology'}, { 'issue': '10', 'key': 'ref11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1731', 'DOI': '10.3390/vaccines10101731;', 'article-title': 'Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir in the treatment of ' 'mild/moderate COVID-19: results of a real-life study', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'Gentile I', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Gentile, I., Scotto, R., Schiano Moriello, N., Pinchera, B., Villari, ' 'R., Trucillo, E., et al. (2022). Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir ' 'in the treatment of mild/moderate COVID-19: results of a real-life ' 'study. Vaccines 10 (10), 1731. doi:10.3390/vaccines10101731;', 'journal-title': 'Vaccines'}, { 'key': 'ref12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'author': 'Yu Bin', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Yu, Bin, and Junbiao Chang. “The first Chinese oral anti-COVID-19 drug ' 'Azvudine launched.” Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) vol. 3,6 (2022): ' '100321. doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100321;Deng, Guangtong et al. ' '“Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine versus nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in ' 'hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.” ' 'Journal of medical virology vol. 95,4 (2023): e28756. ' 'doi:10.1002/jmv.28756.', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.xinn'}, { 'key': 'ref13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102468', 'article-title': 'Antiviral effectiveness and survival correlation of azvudine and ' 'nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in elderly severe patients with COVID-19: a ' 'retrospective real-world study.” EClinicalMedicine', 'volume': '69 102468', 'author': 'Wang Shuxia', 'year': '2024', 'unstructured': 'Wang, Shuxia et al. “Antiviral effectiveness and survival correlation of ' 'azvudine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in elderly severe patients with ' 'COVID-19: a retrospective real-world study.” EClinicalMedicine vol. 69 ' '102468. 9 Feb. 2024, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102468.', 'journal-title': '9 Feb'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'ref14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e29318', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.29318', 'article-title': '“Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized patients with ' 'moderate-to-severe COVID-19: Emulation of a randomized target trial', 'volume': '95', 'author': 'Zhou Yiling', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Zhou, Yiling et al. “Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalized ' 'patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19: Emulation of a randomized ' 'target trial.” Journal of medical virology vol. 95,12 (2023): e29318. ' 'doi:10.1002/jmv.29318.', 'journal-title': 'Journal of medical virology'}, { 'key': 'ref15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1101/2023.01.23.23284899', 'article-title': 'Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine in hospitalized patients with ' 'COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study', 'author': 'Shen M', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Shen, M., Xiao, C., Sun, Y., Li, D., Wu, P., Jin, L., et al. (2023). ' 'Real-world effectiveness of Azvudine in hospitalized patients with ' 'COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study. medRxiv. ' 'doi:10.1101/2023.01.23.23284899.', 'journal-title': 'medRxiv'}], 'container-title': [], 'original-title': [], 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4157424/v1', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4157424/v1.html', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]], 'date-time': '2024-04-01T16:38:02Z', 'timestamp': 1711989482000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4157424/v1'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]]}, 'references-count': 15, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4157424/v1', 'relation': {}, 'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 1]]}, 'subtype': 'preprint'}