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Vitamin K for COVID-19
2 studies with >7,000 patients
Serious outcome risk
Vitamin K
Control
Significantly lower risk for cases.
One study shows significant benefit.
COVID-19 Vitamin K studies · October 2026
Covid Analysis Meta-analysis of vitamin K studies
Meta-analysis of vitamin K studies
Jul 15
2025
 Al-Khrasani et al., Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118346 Do vitamins halt the COVID-19-evoked pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the development of neuropathic pain?
Review of vitamin supplementation for COVID-19-evoked pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in neuropathic pain development. Authors examine how certain vitamins may help prevent post-COVID neuropathic pain by modulating pro-inflammatory cy..
Apr 7
2025
 Liu et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1476622 Low vitamin K status is a potential risk factor for COVID-19 infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Meta-analysis of 6 studies examining vitamin K status in COVID-19 patients showing that infected patients have significantly higher levels of dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated Matrix Gla Protein (dp-ucMGP), indicating lower vitamin K status..
Jan 16
2025
 Atieh et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu17020304 Vitamins K2 and D3 Improve Long COVID, Fungal Translocation, and Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Trial
RCT 151 long COVID outpatients showing improved long COVID Research Index, number of symptoms, inflammatory markers, and fungal translocation with vitamins D3 and K2 over 24 weeks. D3 2000IU daily and K2 240µg. Markers of inflammation (ox..
Jun 14
2024
 Visser et al., Journal of Clinical Medicine, doi:10.3390/jcm13123476 Vitamin K2 Supplementation in Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial
200% higher mortality (p=1), 200% higher ICU admission (p=0.6), and 17% shorter hospitalization (p=0.52). RCT 40 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing vitamin K2 supplementation was well-tolerated and reduced dp-ucMGP levels, reflecting improved vitamin K status, but did not affect desmosine, a marker of elastic fiber degradation. The study ..
Mar 24
2024
 Mosadegh et al., AMB Express, doi:10.1186/s13568-024-01690-8 NBS superfood: a promising adjunctive therapy in critically ill ICU patients with omicron variant of COVID-19
RCT 400 critically ill ICU patients with omicron-related ARDS showing significantly reduced mortality and inflammatory markers with a nutritional supplement containing vitamins A, B1-B3, B5, B6, B9, C, D, K, and zinc, potassium, manganese..
Sep 22
2023
 Seely et al., BMJ Open, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073761 Dietary supplements to reduce symptom severity and duration in people with SARS-CoV-2: a double-blind randomised controlled trial
14% improved recovery (p=0.41). Early terminated low-risk population (no hospitalization) very late treatment (mean 8 days) RCT with 44 patients treated with vitamin C, D, K, and zinc, and 46 control patients, showing no significant differences. Authors acknowledge that..
Sep 19
2022
 Mosadegh et al., Microbial Pathogenesis, doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105792 The effect of Nutrition Bio-shield superfood (NBS) on disease severity and laboratory biomarkers in patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial
61% lower mortality (p=0.002) and 28% shorter hospitalization (p=0.001). RCT 70 hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients in Iran, showing lower mortality and improved clinical markers with treatment combining vitamins A, B1-B3, B5, B6, B9, C, D, K, and magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, calcium,..
Nov 30
2021
 Deschasaux-Tanguy et al., BMC Medicine, doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02168-1 Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study within the NutriNet-Santé cohort
14% fewer cases (p=0.04). Analysis of 7,766 adults in France, showing higher intakes of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K, dietary fibre, and fruit and vegetables associated with lower seropositivity.
Jul 29
2021
 Desai et al., Open Forum Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab408 Vitamin K & D Deficiencies Are Independently Associated With COVID-19 Disease Severity
Case control study with 100 COVID-19+ patients and 50 age and gender matched controls, showing vitamin K and vitamin D levels independently associated with COVID-19 severity.
Jun 9
2021
 Linneberg et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13061985 The Association of Low Vitamin K Status with Mortality in a Cohort of 138 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Retrospective 138 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing lower vitamin K status was associated with higher mortality, which remained significant after adjusting for age and sex, but not after further adjusting for comorbidities. Vitamin K..
Nov 16
2020
 Dound et al., Journal of Clinical Trials, S3:004 A Randomized, Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Activity of CurvicTM Formulation for Management of SARS-COV-2 Infection (COVID-19)
75% improved recovery (p=0.001) and 100% improved 7-point scale results (p=0.0001). RCT 200 COVID-19 positive patients in India, 100 treated with curcumin, vitamin C, vitamin K2-7, and selenomethionine, showing faster recovery with treatment.
Nov 9
2020
 Walk et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.11.07.20227512 Vitamin D - contrary to vitamin K - does not associate with clinical outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Small retrospective study of 135 patients not finding a significant difference in vitamin D status. Patients with good outcomes had a median of 45.0 nmol/L versus 37.7 nmol/L for bad outcomes, p = 0.85. Authors found that vitamin D suffic..
Aug 27
2020
 Dofferhoff et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1258 Reduced Vitamin K Status as a Potentially Modifiable Risk Factor of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019
Retrospective 135 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing low vitamin K status was associated with poor outcomes, elastic fiber degradation, and thrombosis risk. Dp-ucMGP, an inverse marker of extrahepatic vitamin K status, was severely el..