Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchVitamin KVitamin K (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

    
  
Vitamin K for COVID-19
2 studies from 105 scientists
7,806 patients in 2 countries
Statistically significant lower risk for cases.
One study shows statistically significant improvement.
COVID-19 Vitamin K studies. Oct 2024. c19early.org
0 0.5 1 1.5+ All studies 14% Mortality -200% Hospitalization 17% Cases 14% RCTs -200% Prophylaxis 14% Late -200% Favorsvitamin K Favorscontrol
Jun 14
Visser et al., Journal of Clinical Medicine, doi:10.3390/jcm13123476 Vitamin K2 Supplementation in Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial
200% higher mortality (p=1), 200% higher ICU admission (p=0.6), and 17% shorter hospitalization (p=0.52). RCT 40 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing vitamin K2 supplementation was well-tolerated and reduced dp-ucMGP levels, reflecting improved vitamin K status, but did not affect desmosine, a marker of elastic fiber degradation. The study ..
Mar 24
Mosadegh et al., AMB Express, doi:10.1186/s13568-024-01690-8 NBS superfood: a promising adjunctive therapy in critically ill ICU patients with omicron variant of COVID-19
RCT 400 critically ill ICU patients with omicron-related ARDS showing significantly reduced mortality and inflammatory markers with a nutritional supplement containing vitamins A, B1–B3, B5, B6, B9, C, D, K, and zinc, potassium, manganese..
Sep 22
2023
Seely et al., BMJ Open, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073761 Dietary supplements to reduce symptom severity and duration in people with SARS-CoV-2: a double-blind randomised controlled trial
14% improved recovery (p=0.41). Early terminated low-risk population (no hospitalization) very late treatment (mean 8 days) RCT with 44 patients treated with vitamin C, D, K, and zinc, and 46 control patients, showing no significant differences. Authors acknowledge that..
Sep 19
2022
Mosadegh et al., Microbial Pathogenesis, doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105792 The effect of Nutrition Bio-shield superfood (NBS) on disease severity and laboratory biomarkers in patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial
61% lower mortality (p=0.002) and 28% shorter hospitalization (p=0.001). RCT 70 hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients in Iran, showing lower mortality and improved clinical markers with treatment combining vitamins A, B1–B3, B5, B6, B9, C, D, K, and magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, calcium,..
Nov 30
2021
Deschasaux-Tanguy et al., BMC Medicine, doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02168-1 Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study within the NutriNet-Santé cohort
14% fewer cases (p=0.04). Analysis of 7,766 adults in France, showing higher intakes of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K, dietary fibre, and fruit and vegetables associated with lower seropositivity.
Jul 29
2021
Desai et al., Open Forum Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab408 Vitamin K & D Deficiencies Are Independently Associated With COVID-19 Disease Severity
Case control study with 100 COVID-19+ patients and 50 age and gender matched controls, showing vitamin K and vitamin D levels independently associated with COVID-19 severity.
Jun 9
2021
Linneberg et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13061985 The Association of Low Vitamin K Status with Mortality in a Cohort of 138 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Retrospective 138 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing lower vitamin K status was associated with higher mortality, which remained significant after adjusting for age and sex, but not after further adjusting for comorbidities. Vitamin K..
Nov 16
2020
Dound et al., Journal of Clinical Trials, S3:004 A Randomized, Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Activity of CurvicTM Formulation for Management of SARS-COV-2 Infection (COVID-19)
75% improved recovery (p=0.001) and 100% improved 7-point scale results (p=0.0001). RCT 200 COVID-19 positive patients in India, 100 treated with curcumin, vitamin C, vitamin K2-7, and selenomethionine, showing faster recovery with treatment.
Nov 9
2020
Walk et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.11.07.20227512 Vitamin D - contrary to vitamin K - does not associate with clinical outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Small retrospective study of 135 patients not finding a significant difference in vitamin D status. Patients with good outcomes had a median of 45.0 nmol/L versus 37.7 nmol/L for bad outcomes, p = 0.85. Authors found that vitamin D suffic..
Aug 27
2020
Dofferhoff et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1258 Reduced Vitamin K Status as a Potentially Modifiable Risk Factor of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019
Retrospective 135 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing low vitamin K status was associated with poor outcomes, elastic fiber degradation, and thrombosis risk. Dp-ucMGP, an inverse marker of extrahepatic vitamin K status, was severely el..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Thanks for your feedback! Please search before submitting papers and note that studies are listed under the date they were first available, which may be the date of an earlier preprint.
Submit