Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective study from the NutriNet-Sante ´cohort
Mathilde Touvier, M Deschasaux-Tanguy, L Bourhis, N Druesne-Pecollo, Y Esseddik, P Galan, S Hercberg, X De Lamballerie, F Carrat
17.3% in men; 35.8% and 18.4% in women) and 10.3% to injuries (4.9% among people aged 65 or more at time of death; 34.5% among people aged 25-44). Approximately 27% of the deaths registered were IDDs, representing approximately 1.8 million YLLs.
Conclusions: These preliminary results confirm the importance of YLLs as a metric to target preventive strategies according to age. Moreover, by quantifying IDDs, we highlight that data gaps are important even in settings with highly developed health information systems. Next steps include applying an IDD redistribution methodology, aspirational life table and computing subnational YLLs. The French collaborative initiative should address those gaps and propose national and subnational burden metrics in the following months.
Key messages: Methodological and data requirements to compute YLLs constitute a challenge even in settings with developed health information systems, highlighting the need of national institutional collaborations. Highlight data gaps in terms of ill-defined deaths in mortality database.
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'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n'
' <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n'
' <jats:p>Nutritional factors are essential for the functioning of the immune '
'system and could therefore play a role in COVID-19 but evidence is needed. Our objective was '
'to study the associations between diet and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large '
'population-based sample.</jats:p>\n'
' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n'
' <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n'
' <jats:p>Our analyses were conducted in the French prospective NutriNet-Santé '
'cohort study (2009–2020). Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by ELISA '
'on dried blood spots. Dietary intakes were derived from repeated 24\u2009h dietary records '
'(at least 6) in the two years preceding the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France '
'(February 2020). Multi-adjusted logistic regression models were computed.</jats:p>\n'
' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n'
' <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n'
' <jats:p>A total of 7766 adults (70.3% women, mean age: 60.3 years) were '
'included, among which 311 were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Dietary intakes of '
'vitamin C (OR for 1 SD=0.86 (0.75–0.98), <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.02), vitamin B9 '
'(OR=0.84 (0.72–0.98), <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.02), vitamin K (OR=0.86 (0.74–0.99), '
'<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.04), fibers (OR=0.84 (0.72–0.98), '
'<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.02), and fruit and vegetables (OR=0.85 (0.74–0.97), '
'<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.02) were associated to a decreased probability of SARS-CoV-2 '
'infection while dietary intakes of calcium (OR=1.16 (1.01–1.35), '
'<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.04) and dairy products (OR=1.19 (1.06–1.33), '
'<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.002) associated to increased odds. No association was detected '
'with other food groups or nutrients or with the overall diet quality.</jats:p>\n'
' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n'
' <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n'
' <jats:p>Higher dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and, consistently, of '
'vitamin C, folate, vitamin K and fibers were associated with a lower susceptibility to '
'SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beyond its established role in the prevention of non-communicable '
'diseases, diet could therefore also contribute to prevent some infectious diseases such as '
'COVID-19.</jats:p>\n'
' </jats:sec>',
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{ 'value': 'The NutriNet-Santé study is conducted in accordance with the Declaration of '
'Helsinki, and all procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board of '
'the French Institute for Health and Medical Research (IRB INSERM '
'#0000388FWA00005831) and by the National Commission on Informatics and Liberty '
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{ 'value': 'Prof Fabrice Carrat reports personal fees from Imaxio and Sanofi, outside the '
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