Sleep for COVID-19: real-time analysis of all 14 studies


Dec 2	Covid Analysis (Preprint) (meta analysis)	Sleep for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 12 studies
	Statistically significant improvements are seen for mortality, hospitalization, recovery, and cases. 9 studies from 9 independent teams in 4 different countries show statistically significant improvements in isolation (8 for the most se..
Oct 24	Pływaczewska-Jakubowska et al., Frontiers in Medicine, doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1036556	Lifestyle, course of COVID-19, and risk of Long-COVID in non-hospitalized patients
	17% fewer moderate/severe cases [p=0.06] and 7% lower PASC [p=0.51]. Retrospective 1,847 COVID+ patients in Poland, showing lower moderate/severe cases with improved sleep, without statistical significance. Hospitalized patients were excluded.
Jul 21	Jones et al., Sleep Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.369	Public health impact of poor sleep on COVID-19, influenza and upper respiratory infections
	39% lower mortality [p=0.001], 32% lower hospitalization [p<0.0001], and 7% fewer cases [p=0.04]. FinnGen Mendelian randomization study showing higher risk of COVID-19 mortality, hospitalization, and infection with insomnia.
Apr 13	Paul et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2022.04.12.22273792 (Preprint)	Health behaviours the month prior to COVID-19 infection and the development of self-reported long COVID and specific long COVID symptoms: A longitudinal analysis of 1,811 UK adults
	67% improved recovery [p<0.0001]. Retrospective 1,811 COVID-19 patients in the UK, showing lower risk of self-reported long COVID with good sleep quality in the month before infection.
Mar 22	Kim et al., BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000228	COVID-19 illness in relation to sleep and burnout
	17% fewer moderate/severe cases [p=0.03] and 11% fewer cases [p=0.003]. Retrospective 2,884 high-risk healthcare workers in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and the USA, showing shorter sleep duration associated with increased risk of COVID-19 cases and severity.
Nov 30 2021	Huang et al., Nature and Science of Sleep, doi:10.2147/NSS.S263488	Reduced Sleep in the Week Prior to Diagnosis of COVID-19 is Associated with the Severity of COVID-19
	81% lower severe cases [p=0.02]. Retrospective 164 COVID-19 patients and 188 controls in China, showing the risk of severe cases associated with lack of sleep.
Sep 30 2021	Mohsin et al., Infection and Drug Resistance, doi:10.2147/IDR.S331470	Lifestyle and Comorbidity-Related Risk Factors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Infection: A Comparative Study Among Survived COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh
	38% lower severe cases [p<0.0001]. Retrospective 1,500 COVID+ patients in Bangladesh, showing lower risk of severe cases with good sleep.
Aug 31 2021	Ahmadi et al., Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.022	Lifestyle risk factors and infectious disease mortality, including COVID-19, among middle aged and older adults: Evidence from a community-based cohort study in the United Kingdom
	3% lower mortality [p=0.91]. Retrospective 468,569 adults in the UK, showing no significant difference in COVID-19 mortality based on sleep quality.
Jun 18 2021	Li et al., Sleep, doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab138	Poor sleep behavior burden and risk of COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization
	43% lower mortality [p=0.02] and 36% lower hospitalization [p=0.008]. UK Biobank retrospective, 46,535 participants with sleep behavior assessed between 2006 and 2010, showing higher risk of hospitalization and mortality with poor sleep.
Jun 17 2021	Marcus et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253120	Predictors of incident viral symptoms ascertained in the era of COVID-19
	16% fewer symptomatic cases [p=0.0007]. Prospective survey based study with 14,335 participants, showing risk of viral symptoms associated with shorter sleep duration.
May 14 2021	Zhang et al., EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc894; ISSN 1611-2156, doi:10.17179/excli2021-3451	Association of sleep quality before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection with clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in China
	19% lower severe cases [p=0.0009]. Prospective study of 205 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, showing higher risk of severe cases with poor sleep quality.
Mar 30 2021	Holt et al., Thorax, doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217487	Risk factors for developing COVID-19: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)
	12% fewer cases [p=0.5]. Prospective survey-based study with 15,227 people in the UK, showing reduced risk of COVID-19 cases with 8 hours sleep, with statistical significance when compared with ≥9 hours. NCT04330599. COVIDENCE UK.
Dec 31 2020	Wang et al., Sleep Medicine: X, doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2020.100028	Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: a retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak
	66% fewer cases [p<0.0001]. Retrospective 118 healthcare workers in China, showing higher risk of COVID-19 with poor sleep quality.
Nov 5 2020	Gao et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241540	The impact of individual lifestyle and status on the acquisition of COVID-19: A case—Control study
	36% fewer cases [p=0.04]. Case control study in China with 105 cases and 210 matched controls, showing COVID-19 cases associated with lack of sleep.
Oct 21 2020	Cloosterman et al., Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.10.009	Running behavior and symptoms of respiratory tract infection during the COVID-19 pandemic
	32% fewer symptomatic cases [p=0.09]. Analysis of 2,586 participants of a running injury prevention RCT in the Netherlands, showing higher risk of COVID-19 symptoms with sleep disturbance.

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