Pemivibart: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

Meta-analysis of pemivibart COVID-19 studies. Efficacy is variant dependent. In Vitro research shows reduced efficacy against KP.3.1.1, KP.1.1, LB.1, KP.3.3, and XEC variants1-4. mAb use may create new variants that spread globally5-7, and may be associated with increased risk of autoimmune disease8, prolonged viral loads, clinical deterioration, and immune escape6,9-13.

All studies Mortality Hospitalization Serious outcomes Cases RCTs RCT mortality Peer-reviewed All outcomes

Outcome (studies)

Improvement

Relative risk · 95% CI

All studies (1)−150%

Mortality (1)−150%

Hospitalization (1)75%

Cases (1)76%

RCTs (1)−150%

Prophylaxis (1)−150%

00.511.5+

← Pemivibart
reduces riskIncreased
risk →

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c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.14death1/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 hospitalization results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)75%0.25 · 0.01–6.13hosp.0/3171/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis75%0.25 · 0.01–6.130/3171/16075% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.4

All studies75%0.25 · 0.01–6.130/3171/16075% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.400.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 serious outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.14death1/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 case results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)76%0.24 · 0.13–0.45symp. case14/31729/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis76%0.24 · 0.13–0.4514/31729/16076% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p < 0.0001

All studies76%0.24 · 0.13–0.4514/31729/16076% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p < 0.000100.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trials

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.14death1/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 RCT mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 peer reviewed studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.14death1/3170/160CANOPY

Prophylaxis−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.59

All studies−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.141/3170/160150% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.5900.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Pemivibart COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Wolfe (RCT)−150%2.50 · 0.10–61.14death1/3170/160CANOPY Wolfe (RCT)75%0.25 · 0.01–6.13hosp.0/3171/160CANOPY Wolfe (RCT)74%0.26 · 0.14–0.47progression15/31729/160CANOPY Wolfe (RCT)76%0.24 · 0.13–0.45symp. case14/31729/160CANOPY

00.511.52+

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← Pemivibart
reduces riskPemivibart
increases risk →

References

Xie et al., Molecular Basis of High-Blood-Pressure-Enhanced and High-Fever-Temperature-Weakened Receptor-Binding Domain/Peptidase Domain Binding: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, doi:10.3390/ijms26073250.mdpi.com, doi.org.

Wang et al., Activity of Research-Grade Pemivibart against Recent SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 Sublineages, New England Journal of Medicine, doi:10.1056/NEJMc2410203.nejm.org, doi.org.

Yao et al., Neutralizing Activity and Viral Escape of Pemivibart by SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 sublineages, bioRxiv, doi:10.1101/2024.11.08.622746.biorxiv.org, doi.org.

Planas et al., Escape of SARS-CoV-2 Variants KP.1.1, LB.1, and KP.3.3 From Approved Monoclonal Antibodies, Pathogens and Immunity, doi:10.20411/pai.v10i1.752.paijournal.com, doi.org.

Focosi et al., Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 mutations associated with resistance to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that emerge after treatment, Drug Resistance Updates, doi:10.1016/j.drup.2023.100991.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

Leducq et al., Spike protein genetic evolution in patients at high-risk of severe COVID-19 treated by monoclonal antibodies, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/infdis/jiad523.oup.com, doi.org.

Bruhn et al., Somatic hypermutation shapes the viral escape profile of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies, eBioMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105770.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

Ngiam et al., Early administration of neutralising monoclonal antibodies and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, International Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108435.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

Choudhary et al., Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Resistance with Monoclonal Antibody Therapy, medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2021.09.03.21263105.medrxiv.org, doi.org.

10.

Günther et al., Variant-specific humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 escape mutants arising in clinically severe, prolonged infection, medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2024.01.06.24300890.medrxiv.org, doi.org.

11.

Casadevall et al., Single monoclonal antibodies should not be used for COVID-19 therapy: a call for antiviral stewardship, Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciae408.oup.com, doi.org.

12.

Focosi (B) et al., The Emergence of Escape Mutations in COVID-19 Following Anti-Spike Monoclonal Antibody Treatment: How Do We Tackle It?, Infection and Drug Resistance, doi:10.2147/IDR.S540928.dovepress.com, doi.org.

13.

Martin-Blondel et al., Viral clearance and escape during therapy of COVID-19 outpatients: A prospective cohort study, iScience, doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.114226.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.