Mebendazole: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

All studies Exclusions Mortality Ventilation Hospitalization Serious outcomes Recovery Viral clearance RCTs Peer-reviewed All outcomes

Outcome (studies)

Improvement

Relative risk · 95% CI

All studies (3)62%

Mortality (1)51%

Ventilation (1)63%

Hospitalization (2)31%

Viral clearance (1)85%

RCTs (1)85%

Early (2)68%

Late (1)51%

after exclusions

00.511.5+

← Mebendazole
reduces riskIncreased
risk →

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c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal52%0.48 · 0.12–1.88hosp.3/946/91 El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n)

Early treatment68%0.32 · 0.11–0.963/1286/12668% lower risk

Tau² = 0.01, I² = 2.1%, p = 0.042

Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.78death3/688/89

Late treatment51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.28

All studies62%0.38 · 0.17–0.886/19614/21562% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.02300.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 studies after exclusions

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n)

Early treatment85%0.15 · 0.02–0.9434 (n)35 (n)85% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.042

Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.78death3/688/89

Late treatment51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.28

All studies67%0.33 · 0.11–0.993/1028/12467% lower risk

Tau² = 0.05, I² = 7.6%, p = 0.04700.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/89

Late treatment51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.28

All studies51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.2800.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 mechanical ventilation results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal63%0.37 · 0.08–1.742/687/89

Late treatment63%0.37 · 0.08–1.742/687/8963% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.21

All studies63%0.37 · 0.08–1.742/687/8963% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.2100.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 hospitalization results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal52%0.48 · 0.12–1.88hosp.3/946/91

Early treatment52%0.48 · 0.12–1.883/946/9152% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3

Galal30%0.70 · 0.57–0.87hosp. time68 (n)89 (n)

Late treatment30%0.70 · 0.57–0.8768 (n)89 (n)30% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.001

All studies31%0.69 · 0.56–0.863/1626/18031% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.0006500.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 serious outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal52%0.48 · 0.12–1.88hosp.3/946/91

Early treatment52%0.48 · 0.12–1.883/946/9152% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3

Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.78death3/688/89

Late treatment51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.28

All studies51%0.49 · 0.19–1.246/16214/18051% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.1300.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 recovery results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal43%0.57 · 0.41–0.80recov. time94 (n)91 (n)

Early treatment43%0.57 · 0.41–0.8094 (n)91 (n)43% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.001

All studies43%0.57 · 0.41–0.8094 (n)91 (n)43% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.00100.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 viral clearance results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n)

Early treatment85%0.15 · 0.02–0.9434 (n)35 (n)85% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.042

All studies85%0.15 · 0.02–0.9434 (n)35 (n)85% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.04200.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trials

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n)

Early treatment85%0.15 · 0.02–0.9434 (n)35 (n)85% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.042

All studies85%0.15 · 0.02–0.9434 (n)35 (n)85% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.04200.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 peer reviewed studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal52%0.48 · 0.12–1.88hosp.3/946/91 El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n)

Early treatment68%0.32 · 0.11–0.963/1286/12668% lower risk

Tau² = 0.01, I² = 2.1%, p = 0.042

Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.78death3/688/89

Late treatment51%0.49 · 0.14–1.783/688/8951% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.28

All studies62%0.38 · 0.17–0.886/19614/21562% lower risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.02300.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

Mebendazole COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Galal52%0.48 · 0.12–1.88hosp.3/946/91 Galal43%0.57 · 0.41–0.80recov. time94 (n)91 (n) El-Tanani (DB RCT)85%0.15 · 0.02–0.94viral load34 (n)35 (n) El-Tanani (DB RCT)59%0.41 · 0.09–1.98viral+2/345/35 Galal51%0.49 · 0.14–1.78death3/688/89 Galal63%0.37 · 0.08–1.74ventilation2/687/89 Galal30%0.70 · 0.57–0.87hosp. time68 (n)89 (n)

00.511.52+

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← Mebendazole
reduces riskMebendazole
increases risk →