XAV-19: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

All studies Mortality Ventilation ICU Serious outcomes RCTs RCT mortality Peer-reviewed All outcomes

Outcome (studies)

Improvement

Relative risk · 95% CI

All studies (2)−45%

Mortality (2)−45%

Ventilation (1)−106%

ICU admission (1)−5%

Progression (2)−9%

RCTs (2)−45%

RCT mortality (2)−45%

Peer-reviewed (1)−90%

Early (1)−1%

Late (1)−90%

00.511.5+

← XAV-19
reduces riskIncreased
risk →

.hmva--anim-stagger .hmva__row{opacity:1}.hmva--anim .hmva__shade{opacity:var(--shade-opacity)}.hmva--anim-stagger .est .ci{transform:translateY(-50%)}.hmva--anim-stagger .est .pt{transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.hmva--anim-stagger .hmva__bar{transform:none}.hmva--anim-settle .est .pt{left:calc(min(var(--pt), 1.5) / var(--max) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .est .ci{left:calc(var(--lo) / var(--max) * 100%);width:calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo)) / var(--max) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .hmva__bar--drug{width:calc(min(1, var(--rr)) * 100%)}.hmva--anim-settle .hmva__bar--control{width:calc(min(1, 1 / var(--rr)) * 100%)}

.fp--anim .fp__study,.fp--anim .fp__sum,.fp--anim .fp__het,.fp--anim .fp__dia,.fp--anim .fp__verdict,.fp--anim .fp__pooled{opacity:1}.fp--anim .fp__ci{transform:none}.fp--anim .fp__pt{transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.fp--anim .fp__plot::before{opacity:var(--shade-opacity)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__pt{left:calc(min(var(--pt),var(--max))/var(--max)*100%)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__ci,.fp--anim-settle .fp__dia{left:calc(var(--lo)/var(--max)*100%);width:calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo))/var(--max)*100%)}

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.40death5/1395/140EUROXAV

Early treatment−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/1401% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.99

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.45death10/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−45%1.45 · 0.65–3.2115/33810/32945% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3700.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/140EUROXAV

Early treatment−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/1401% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.99

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−45%1.45 · 0.65–3.2115/33810/32945% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3700.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 mechanical ventilation results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Gaborit (DB RCT)−106%2.06 · 1.07–3.9626/19912/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−106%2.06 · 1.07–3.9626/19912/189106% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.03

All studies−106%2.06 · 1.07–3.9626/19912/189106% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.0300.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 ICU results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Gaborit (DB RCT)−5%1.05 · 0.71–1.5542/19938/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−5%1.05 · 0.71–1.5542/19938/1895% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.82

All studies−5%1.05 · 0.71–1.5542/19938/1895% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.8200.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 serious outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.40death5/1395/140EUROXAV

Early treatment−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/1401% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.99

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.45death10/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−45%1.45 · 0.65–3.2115/33810/32945% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3700.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trials

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.40death5/1395/140EUROXAV

Early treatment−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/1401% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.99

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.45death10/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−45%1.45 · 0.65–3.2115/33810/32945% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3700.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 RCT mortality results

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CITreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/140EUROXAV

Early treatment−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.405/1395/1401% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.99

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−45%1.45 · 0.65–3.2115/33810/32945% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.3700.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 peer reviewed studies

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.45death10/1995/189POLYCOR

Late treatment−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.24

All studies−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.4510/1995/18990% higher risk

Tau² = 0.00, I² = 0.0%, p = 0.2400.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →

c19early.org

October 2026

XAV-19 COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Poulakou (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.30–3.40death5/1395/140EUROXAV Poulakou (DB RCT)−34%1.34 · 0.58–2.88progression12/1179/121EUROXAV Gaborit (DB RCT)−90%1.90 · 0.66–5.45death10/1995/189POLYCOR Gaborit (DB RCT)5%0.95 · 0.19–4.65death3/1993/189POLYCOR Gaborit (DB RCT)−106%2.06 · 1.07–3.96ventilation26/19912/189POLYCOR Gaborit (DB RCT)−5%1.05 · 0.71–1.55ICU42/19938/189POLYCOR Gaborit (DB RCT)−5%1.05 · 0.75–1.47progression53/19948/189POLYCOR

00.511.52+

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← XAV-19
reduces riskXAV-19
increases risk →