P2Et: meta-analysis of COVID-19 studies

0 0.5 1 1.5+ All studies -114% 1 91 Improvement, Studies, Patients Relative Risk Mortality -114% 1 91 ICU admission 24% 1 91 Hospitalization 23% 1 91 RCTs -114% 1 91 Late -114% 1 91 P2Et for COVID-19 c19early.org December 2025 FavorsP2Et Favorscontrol
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] death 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Late treatment -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk All studies -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 study c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Late treatment -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk All studies -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 mortality result c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) 24% 0.76 [0.26-2.23] 5/44 7/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.63 Late treatment 24% 0.76 [0.26-2.23] 5/44 7/47 24% lower risk All studies 24% 0.76 [0.26-2.23] 5/44 7/47 24% lower risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 ICU result c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.63 Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.56-1.07] hosp. time 44 (n) 47 (n) Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.12 Late treatment 23% 0.77 [0.56-1.07] 44 (n) 47 (n) 23% lower risk All studies 23% 0.77 [0.56-1.07] 44 (n) 47 (n) 23% lower risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 hospitalization result c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.12 Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] death 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Late treatment -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk All studies -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trial c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Late treatment -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk All studies -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 RCT mortality result c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] death 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Late treatment -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk All studies -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] 2/44 1/47 114% higher risk 1 P2Et COVID-19 peer reviewed studies c19early.org December 2025 Tau​2 = 0.00, I​2 = 0.0%, p = 0.54 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors P2Et Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Urueña (DB RCT) -114% 2.14 [0.20-22.7] death 2/44 1/47 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Urueña (DB RCT) 24% 0.76 [0.26-2.23] ICU 5/44 7/47 Urueña (DB RCT) -34% 1.34 [0.38-4.66] no improv. 5/44 4/47 Urueña (DB RCT) -7% 1.07 [0.41-2.80] no improv. 7/44 7/47 Urueña (DB RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.56-1.07] hosp. time 44 (n) 47 (n) P2Et COVID-19 outcomes c19early.org December 2025 Favors P2Et Favors control