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XAV-19 a Glyco-Humanized polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2 accelerates the recovery of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients and keeps its neutralizing activity against Omicron and its subvariants

Poulakou et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726, EUROXAV, NCT04928430, Oct 2023
https://c19early.org/poulakou.html
Mortality -1% Improvement Relative Risk Progression -34% XAV-19  EUROXAV  EARLY TREATMENT  DB RCT Is early treatment with XAV-19 beneficial for COVID-19? Double-blind RCT 279 patients in multiple countries (Mar 2021 - Oct 2022) Higher progression with XAV-19 (not stat. sig., p=0.48) c19early.org Poulakou et al., medRxiv, October 2023 FavorsXAV-19 Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
RCT 293 COVID-19 patients showing no significant difference in the primary endpoint (disease aggravation within 8 days) with XAV-19, a glyco-humanized swine polyclonal antibody. While XAV-19 showed no benefit for patients requiring oxygen therapy, it significantly reduced time to improvement for patients not requiring oxygen (7 days vs 14 days, p=0.0159).
risk of death, 0.7% higher, RR 1.01, p = 1.00, treatment 5 of 139 (3.6%), control 5 of 140 (3.6%).
risk of progression, 34.1% higher, RR 1.34, p = 0.48, treatment 12 of 117 (10.3%), control 9 of 121 (7.4%), odds ratio converted to relative risk.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Poulakou et al., 19 Oct 2023, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, multiple countries, preprint, 10 authors, study period March 2021 - October 2022, trial NCT04928430 (history) (EUROXAV).
XAV-19 a Glyco-Humanized polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2 accelerates the recovery of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients and keeps its neutralizing activity against Omicron and its subvariants
Garyfallia Poulakou, Pierre-Joseph Royer, Nikolai Evgeniev, Gwénaëlle Evanno, Françoise Shneiker, Bernard Vanhove, Odile Duvaux, Stéphane Marot, Vincent Calvez
doi:10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726
Background: XAV-19 is a glyco-humanized swine polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2. The safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 was investigated in patients with a WHO score of 2 to 4 in the WHO 7-point ordinal scale. The activity of XAV-19 against Omicron and its subvariants was assessed in vitro. Methods: A phase II/III, multicentric randomized double-blind placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 in inpatients with COVID-19 requiring or not oxygen therapy and outpatients not requiring oxygen (EUROXAV trial, NCT04928430). Most patients were not vaccinated. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with an aggravation of COVID-19 within 8 days after treatment. Binding and neutralization of Omicron or its subvariants by XAV-19 was investigated by ELISA or with a whole virus neutralization assay. Results: Patients received either 150mg of XAV-19 (N=139) or placebo (N=140). Low enrolment forced the premature trial termination. XAV-19 was well tolerated. No difference in the primary endpoint, nor in the proportion with an improvement at day 8 (secondary endpoint) was observed between the 2 groups. For patients not requiring oxygen therapy, XAV-19 reduced the time to improvement significantly (7 days vs 14 days p=0.0159). Neutralizing activity against Omicron and BA.2, BA2.12.1, BA.4/5 and BQ1.1 subvariants was shown in vitro. Conclusions: XAV-19 did not reduce the aggravation in COVID-19 patients. While it did not bring any benefit to patients requiring oxygen, it reduced the time to improvement for patients not requiring oxygen (WHO score 2 or 3). These preliminary clinical data might indicate a therapeutic potential for patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 requiring supplementation with anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. .
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DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726", "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726", "abstract": "<jats:p>Background: XAV-19 is a glyco-humanized swine polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2. The safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 was investigated in patients with a WHO score of 2 to 4 in the WHO 7-point ordinal scale. The activity of XAV-19 against Omicron and its subvariants was assessed in vitro. Methods: A phase II/III, multicentric randomized double-blind placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of XAV-19 in inpatients with COVID-19 requiring or not oxygen therapy and outpatients not requiring oxygen (EUROXAV trial,<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04928430\">NCT04928430</jats:ext-link>). Most patients were not vaccinated. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with an aggravation of COVID-19 within 8 days after treatment. Binding and neutralization of Omicron or its subvariants by XAV-19 was investigated by ELISA or with a whole virus neutralization assay. Results: Patients received either 150mg of XAV-19 (N=139) or placebo (N=140). Low enrolment forced the premature trial termination. XAV-19 was well tolerated. No difference in the primary endpoint, nor in the proportion with an improvement at day 8 (secondary endpoint) was observed between the 2 groups. For patients not requiring oxygen therapy, XAV-19 reduced the time to improvement significantly (7 days vs 14 days p=0.0159). Neutralizing activity against Omicron and BA.2, BA2.12.1, BA.4/5 and BQ1.1 subvariants was shown in vitro. Conclusions: XAV-19 did not reduce the aggravation in COVID-19 patients. While it did not bring any benefit to patients requiring oxygen, it reduced the time to improvement for patients not requiring oxygen (WHO score 2 or 3). These preliminary clinical data might indicate a therapeutic potential for patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 requiring supplementation with anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies.</jats:p>", "accepted": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ] }, "author": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Poulakou", "given": "Garyfallia", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Royer", "given": "Pierre-Joseph", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Evgeniev", "given": "Nikolai", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Evanno", "given": "Gwenaëlle", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Shneiker", "given": "Françoise", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Marcelin", "given": "Anne-Geneviève", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Vanhove", "given": "Bernard", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Duvaux", "given": "Odile", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Marot", "given": "Stéphane", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Calvez", "given": "Vincent", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": [], "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-19T20:05:20Z", "timestamp": 1697745920000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-19T20:05:20Z", "timestamp": 1697745920000 }, "group-title": "Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS)", "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 20 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-20T05:35:20Z", "timestamp": 1697780120934 }, "institution": [ { "name": "medRxiv" } ], "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ] }, "link": [ { "URL": "https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "246", "original-title": [], "posted": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ] }, "prefix": "10.1101", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 19 ] ] }, "publisher": "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory", "reference-count": 0, "references-count": 0, "relation": {}, "resource": { "primary": { "URL": "http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2023.10.09.23296726" } }, "score": 1, "short-title": [], "source": "Crossref", "subtitle": [], "subtype": "preprint", "title": "XAV-19 a Glyco-Humanized polyclonal antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2 accelerates the recovery of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients and keeps its neutralizing activity against Omicron and its subvariants.", "type": "posted-content" }
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