Outcomes in COVID-19 ropeginterferon alfa-2b studies

All studies   Mortality   Ventilation   Recovery   RCTs   RCT mortality   Peer-reviewed   All outcomes  
0 0.5 1 1.5+ All studies -3% 1 132 Improvement, Studies, Patients Relative Risk Mortality -3% 1 132 Ventilation 90% 1 132 RCTs -3% 1 132 Early -3% 1 132 Ropeginterferon alfa-2b for COVID-19 c19early.org November 2025 Favorsropeginterferon alfa-2b Favorscontrol
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] death 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Early treatment -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk All studies -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 study c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Early treatment -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk All studies -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 mortality result c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) 90% 0.10 [0.01-0.88] 0/87 3/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.13 Early treatment 90% 0.10 [0.01-0.88] 0/87 3/45 90% lower risk All studies 90% 0.10 [0.01-0.88] 0/87 3/45 90% lower risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 mechanical ventilation result c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.13 Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.41-2.24] no recov. 13/87 7/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.93 Early treatment 4% 0.96 [0.41-2.24] 13/87 7/45 4% lower risk All studies 4% 0.96 [0.41-2.24] 13/87 7/45 4% lower risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 recovery result c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.93 Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] death 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Early treatment -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk All studies -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 Randomized Controlled Trial c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Early treatment -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk All studies -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 RCT mortality result c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] death 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Early treatment -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk All studies -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] 2/87 1/45 3% higher risk 1 ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 peer reviewed studies c19early.org November 2025 Tau​2​ = 0.00, I​2​ = 0.0%, p = 0.98 Effect extraction pre-specified(most serious outcome) Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.10-11.1] death 2/87 1/45 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Liu (RCT) 90% 0.10 [0.01-0.88] ventilation 0/87 3/45 Liu (RCT) -3% 1.03 [0.64-1.67] oxygen 32/87 16/45 Liu (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.41-2.24] no recov. 13/87 7/45 Liu (RCT) 48% 0.52 [0.16-1.69] no recov. 5/87 5/45 Liu (RCT) 60% 0.40 [0.16-1.01] no recov. 7/87 9/45 Liu (RCT) 25% 0.75 [0.35-1.61] no recov. 13/87 9/45 Liu (RCT) 7% 0.93 [0.73-1.20] no recov. 56/87 31/45 Ropeginterferon alfa-2b COVID-19 outcomes c19early.org November 2025 Favors ropeginterferon alfa-2b Favors control