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Jun 19 |
et al., Nature, doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07575-x | Human SARS-CoV-2 challenge uncovers local and systemic response dynamics |
| Human SARS-CoV-2 challenge experiment, using single-cell multi-omics profiling to analyze nasopharyngeal and blood samples over time. Authors found that ciliated epithelial cells in the nasopharynx were the primary targets for productive .. | ||
Jun 8 |
et al., Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, doi:10.1093/arclin/acae042 | Neurocognitive Impairment in Long COVID: A Systematic Review |
| Systematic review of 36 studies for post-COVID neurocognitive impairment. All studies showed persistent cognitive changes after COVID-19, with executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed being predominantly affected. Autho.. | ||
Jun 1 |
et al., Mymensingh Med J., 33:3 | Clinico-epidemiological Characteristics of the Physician Affected with Covid-19 |
| Survey of 151 physicians in Bangladesh, showing significant use of zinc, vitamin C, vitamin D, and ivermectin (75%, 68%, 42%, and 38% respectively). | ||
May 31 |
et al., eClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102582 | Efficacy and safety of GST-HG171 in adult patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial |
| 13% faster recovery (p=0.03) and 25% faster viral clearance (p<0.0001). RCT 1,213 outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in China showing a shorter time to sustained recovery and faster viral clearance with GST-HG171 plus ritonavir. | ||
May 15 |
et al., Acta Medica Philippina, doi:10.47895/amp.vi0.7498 | Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunctive Therapy for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| 86% lower mortality (p=0.12), 86% lower ventilation (p=0.12), 10% shorter hospitalization (p=0.41), and 3% faster recovery (p=0.77). RCT 77 hospitalized patients showing no significant differences with virgin coconut oil (VCO) treatment. | ||
May 6 |
et al., Advances in Respiratory Medicine, doi:10.3390/arm92030021 | RNA Polymerase Inhibitor Enisamium for Treatment of Moderate COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blind Phase 3 Clinical Trial |
| 86% lower mortality (p=0.25), 75% lower progression (p=0.03), 9% faster improvement (p=0.01), and 89% higher hospital discharge (p=0.12). RCT 592 hospitalized moderate COVID-19 patients in Ukraine showing improved recovery and lower progression with enisamium. The trial initially included patients with moderate COVID-19 not requiring oxygen, but a mid-trial change was made .. | ||
May 1 |
et al., Vaccines, doi:10.3390/vaccines12050487 | Virological Traits of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.87.1 Lineage |
| In Vitro study showing that the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.87.1 lineage efficiently enters human cells but is more sensitive to neutralization by antibodies compared to the JN.1 variant. BA.2.87.1 pseudovirus particles robustly entered human cell li.. | ||
Apr 22 |
et al., BMJ Global Health, doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014188 | Comparison of WHO versus national COVID-19 therapeutic guidelines across the world: not exactly a perfect match |
| Comparison of COVID-19 treatment guidelines from 109 countries with WHO guidelines, showing very high variation between national guidelines and frequent recommendations inconsistent with WHO claims. Almost all countries did not follow the.. | ||
Apr 15 |
et al., Brain Communications, doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcae127 | COVID-19-associated cerebral microbleeds in the general population |
| Retrospective 73 COVID-19 outpatients and 219 matched controls showing a significantly higher rate of cerebral microbleeds on MRI in COVID-19 patients (12%) compared to controls (5%). The increased occurrence of microbleeds persisted when.. | ||
Apr 8 |
et al., Frontiers in Immunology, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1332425 | Effect of high-dose Spirulina supplementation on hospitalized adults with COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial |
| 85% lower mortality (p=0.0002) and 75% higher hospital discharge (p=0.003). RCT 189 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing lower mortality and faster recovery with high-dose spirulina. Spirulina treatment also resulted in greater reductions in inflammatory markers such as IL-6, TNF-a, IP-10, CRP, ESR, and ferriti.. | ||
Apr 2 |
et al., Critical Care, doi:10.1186/s13054-024-04869-4 | Vitamin D metabolism in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a prospective observational study |
| Non-COVID-19 study of 137 critically ill patients showing significantly lower serum calcitriol in patients with moderate-to-severe acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to critically ill patients without AKI, but no significant difference in.. | ||
Mar 28 |
et al., Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-57561-6 | Brain temperature and free water increases after mild COVID-19 infection |
| Analysis of 10 patients with brain imaging before and after mild COVID-19 suggesting that the primary route for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the central nervous system (CNS) is via the olfactory nerve in the nasal cavity, a pathway known as the.. | ||
Mar 27 |
et al., Frontiers in Immunology, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335963 | The fatal contribution of serine protease-related genetic variants to COVID-19 outcomes |
| Cross-sectional study of 1,536 COVID-19 patients in Mexico showing increased mortality associated with the TMPRSS2 rs75603675 AA genotype and the SERPINE1 rs2227692 T allele and TT genotype. The SERPINE1 rs2227692 T allele was also associ.. | ||
Mar 20 |
et al., Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55378-x | Comparison of mortality and outcomes of four respiratory viruses in the intensive care unit: a multicenter retrospective study |
| Retrospective 807 ICU patients showing higher mortality with COVID-19 and H1N1 influenza compared to RSV and seasonal influenza. | ||
Mar 11 |
et al., eBioMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105042 | Mitoquinone mesylate as post-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: an exploratory single center pragmatic open label non-randomized pilot clinical trial with matched controls |
| 91% fewer moderate/severe cases (p=0.05), 83% fewer symptomatic cases (p<0.0001), and 60% fewer cases (p=0.0001). Open-label non-randomized trial with 80 participants exposed to confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, showing lower risk of infection and milder symptoms with mitoquinone mesylate (Mito-MES) prophylaxis. 40 participants took Mito-MES 20mg daily for.. | ||
Mar 10 |
et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2024.03.08.24303818 | SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Variants and Patient Factors Associated with Hospitalization Risk |
| Retrospective 12,538 COVID-19 patients, showing associations between specific SARS-CoV-2 lineages and amino acid mutations and increased hospitalization risk, while infection with omicron was associated with lower hospitalization risk com.. | ||
Feb 29 |
et al., New England Journal of Medicine, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2311330 | Cognition and Memory after Covid-19 in a Large Community Sample |
| Observational study of 112,964 adults in England completing an online cognitive assessment, showing significant cognitive deficits persisting over a year after COVID-19. The largest deficits were seen with hospitalization and unresolved p.. | ||
Feb 28 |
et al., Journal of Clinical Medicine, doi:10.3390/jcm13051397 | Is COVID-19 Infection a Multiorganic Disease? Focus on Extrapulmonary Involvement of SARS-CoV-2 |
| Review of the extrapulmonary manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can affect multiple organs beyond the lungs including the cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic, and dermatologic systems. Authors suggest.. | ||
Feb 27 |
et al., Virology, doi:10.1128/mbio.00392-24 | Nsp1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 replication through calcineurin-NFAT signaling |
| In Vitro study showing cyclosporine A (CsA) and the calcineurin-NFAT inhibitor VIVIT inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung epithelial Calu-3 cells. Authors find SARS-CoV-2 protein Nsp1 hijacks host NFAT signaling by binding calcineurin A, .. | ||
Feb 22 |
et al., Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:10.1093/jac/dkae045 | The relationship between viral clearance rates and disease progression in early symptomatic COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis |
| Systematic review and meta-analysis of 44 RCTs of antiviral treatments for early symptomatic COVID-19, including 52,384 participants, assessing the relationship between the SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance rate and the risk of hospitalization o.. | ||
Feb 21 |
et al., Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55013-9 | Network analysis-guided drug repurposing strategies targeting LPAR receptor in the interplay of COVID, Alzheimer’s, and diabetes |
| In silico study showing potential COVID-19 treatment benefits by repurposing drugs targeting lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs), which are implicated in the tri-directional relationship between Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and COVI.. | ||
Feb 16 |
et al., Communications Biology, doi:10.1038/s42003-024-05878-3 | SARS-CoV-2 rapidly evolves lineage-specific phenotypic differences when passaged repeatedly in immune-naïve mice |
| Mouse study demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 can rapidly acquire mutations altering infectivity, disease severity, and drug resistance even without selective pressure. Antigenic drift can undermine variant-specific treatments like monoclonal.. | ||
Feb 13 |
et al., Frontiers in Immunology, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1282859 | Drug-target identification in COVID-19 disease mechanisms using computational systems biology approaches |
| In silico study integrating multi-omics data analysis, computational modelling, text mining, and AI to suggest targeted COVID-19 therapies. Authors identified 54 potential targets using omic data analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infected cell lines.. | ||
Jan 31 |
et al., Food and Environmental Virology, doi:10.1007/s12560-023-09581-0 | Screening Commercial Tea for Rapid Inactivation of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in Saliva |
| In Vitro study showing that certain teas can rapidly inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. At 10 mg/mL infusion, black tea showed the highest reduction (99.9%) of infectious SARS-CoV-2 within 10 seconds. Green, mint medley, eucalyptus mint, an.. | ||
Jan 31 |
et al., iScience, doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109049 | Bioluminescence Imaging Reveals Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Clearance in Mice with Combinatorial Regimens |
| Mouse study showing that monotherapy with approved antiviral drugs favipiravir, molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir reduced but did not clear SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants in K18-hACE2 mice. Combination therapy with molnupiravir and nirm.. | ||
Jan 25 |
et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v16020177 | Causes and Consequences of Coronavirus Spike Protein Variability |
| Review of causes and consequences of coronavirus spike protein variability focused on SARS-CoV-2. Authors discuss initial features of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and subsequent adaptations to the human host that may have enabled the COVI.. | ||
Jan 23 |
et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v16020168 | In Vitro Combinatorial Activity of Direct Acting Antivirals and Monoclonal Antibodies against the Ancestral B.1 and BQ.1.1 SARS-CoV-2 Viral Variants |
| In vitro study showing additive or synergistic antiviral effects with combinations of COVID-19 therapeutics nirmatrelvir, molnupiravir, remdesivir, and monoclonal antibodies sotrovimab, bebtelovimab, cilgavimab and tixagevimab against anc.. | ||
Jan 23 |
et al., Journal of Nutritional Science, doi:10.1017/jns.2023.118 | Virgin coconut oil (VCO) supplementation relieves symptoms and inflammation among COVID-19 positive adults: a single-blind randomized trial |
| 47% improved recovery (p=0.13). RCT 76 hospitalized mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients in the Philippines showing faster resolution of symptoms with virgin coconut oil (VCO) treatment, without statistical significance. | ||
Nov 20 2023 |
et al., BJGP Open, doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2023.0109 | The DAWN antivirals trial: process evaluation of a COVID-19 trial in general practice |
| 33% improved recovery (p=0.7). Small early terminated RCT showing better recovery with camostat treatment, without statistical significance. | ||
Oct 8 2023 |
et al., Cell Proliferation, doi:10.1111/cpr.13558 | Integration of human organoids single‐cell transcriptomic profiles and human genetics repurposes critical cell type‐specific drug targets for severe COVID‐19 |
| In Silico study integrating human organoid data with single-cell transcriptomic profiles and GWAS to identify cell type-specific drug targets for severe COVID-19. The authors found 39 cell types across eight organoid types associated with.. | ||
Sep 21 2023 |
et al., Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.08.011 | No evidence of important difference in summary treatment effects between COVID-19 preprints and peer-reviewed publications: a meta-epidemiological study |
| Meta-epidemiological study including 37 meta-analyses with 114 RCTs assessing pharmacological treatments for COVID-19, showing no evidence of an important difference in meta analysis results between preprints and peer-reviewed publications. | ||
Jul 6 2023 |
et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v15071508 | Oral Probenecid for Nonhospitalized Adults with Symptomatic Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 |
| 90% improved recovery (p<0.0001) and 36% faster viral clearance (p=0.0001). RCT 75 outpatients in India with mild to moderate COVID-19 showing faster viral clearance, faster time to symptom resolution, and improvement in disease progression with probenecid treatment for 5 days compared to placebo. Probenecid was .. | ||
Jun 5 2023 |
et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciad342 | One Week of Oral Camostat Versus Placebo in Nonhospitalized Adults With Mild-to-Moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Randomized Controlled Phase 2 Trial |
| 198% higher mortality (p=1), 18% higher hospitalization (p=1), and no change in recovery (p=0.99). RCT 216 patients, 55% >5 days from symptom onset, showing no significant difference with camostat treatment. | ||
Mar 15 2023 |
et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2023.03.14.23287255 | The real-world effectiveness of an intranasal spray A8G6 antibody cocktail in the post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 |
| Open-label, non-randomized trial of 513 COVID-19 close contacts showing lower cases with intranasal A8G6 antibody cocktail treatment for post-exposure prophylaxis. | ||
Jan 24 2023 |
et al., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, doi:10.1128/aac.00452-22 | A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Clinical Study To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Camostat Mesylate (DWJ1248) in Adult Patients with Mild to Moderate COVID-19 |
| 8% faster recovery (p=0.54). Double-blind RCT with 342 mild to moderate COVID-19 outpatients in South Korea, showing no significant difference in time to clinical improvement with camostat mesylate. In a post-hoc subgroup analysis of high-risk patients, there were.. | ||
Dec 9 2022 |
et al., QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcac272 | Neurological complications of COVID-19 |
| Review of the neurological complications of COVID-19 and their possible pathways and mechanisms. The main pathways of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion include the olfactory nerve, gut-brain axis, vagus nerve, and hematogenous dissemination throug.. | ||
Sep 30 2022 |
et al., International Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.06.054 | Efficacy and safety of camostat mesylate in early COVID-19 disease in an ambulatory setting: a randomized placebo-controlled phase II trial |
| 36% higher hospitalization (p=1) and 8% improved recovery (p=0.84). RCT 90 outpatients showing no significant difference in viral load or time to clinical improvement with camostat mesylate. The trial was discontinued early and did not reach the intended sample size. Authors note that combining camostat w.. | ||
Sep 27 2022 |
et al., BMC Medicine, doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02518-7 | A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of camostat mesilate in patients with COVID-19 (CANDLE study) |
| 67% lower progression (p=1), 50% lower need for oxygen therapy (p=0.37), 1% worse recovery (p=1), and 1% worse viral clearance (p=0.97). RCT 155 hospitalized patients showing no significant differences with camostat. | ||
Jul 22 2022 |
et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.870493 | Camostat Mesylate Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19—Results From a Randomized, Controlled, Open Label, Platform Trial (ACOVACT) |
| 72% lower mortality (p=0.1), 70% lower ventilation (p=0.02), 60% lower combined mortality/intubation (p=0.04), and 18% faster recovery (p=0.005). RCT 201 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing faster clinical improvement, less progression to mechanical ventilation or death, and shorter hospital stay with camostat mesylate compared to lopinavir/ritonavir. There was also a trend towa.. | ||
Jul 11 2022 |
et al., Biomolecules, doi:10.3390/biom12070971 | Pathological Features and Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brain and Potential Therapeutic Approaches |
| Review of the pathological features, neuroinflammatory mechanisms, and potential therapeutic approaches for SARS-CoV-2 in the brain. The review discusses the neuro-invasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 and possible entry routes into the brain,.. | ||
Sep 11 2021 |
et al., Virus Genes, doi:10.1007/s11262-021-01869-2 | Host proviral and antiviral factors for SARS-CoV-2 |
| Review of host proviral and antiviral factors for SARS-CoV-2. Authors summarize current understanding of the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and host cellular factors during virus entry and replication. They highlight ACE2 as the main recept.. | ||
May 31 2021 |
et al., eClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100849 | Efficacy of the TMPRSS2 inhibitor camostat mesilate in patients hospitalized with Covid-19-a double-blind randomized controlled trial |
| 18% lower mortality (p=0.75), 31% lower ventilation (p=0.65), 20% lower ICU admission (p=0.61), and 15% improved recovery (p=0.28). RCT 205 hospitalized patients showing no significant benefit with camostat. There was a trend towards lower risk of ICU admission or death in the camostat group (10% vs. 18% for placebo), but the study was not powered for this endpoint. V.. | ||
Apr 12 2021 |
et al., Intensive Care Medicine, doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06395-1 | Camostat mesylate therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia |
| 67% lower mortality (p=0.01), 10% lower ventilation (p=1), and 17% longer hospitalization (p=0.35). Retrospective 371 critically ill COVID-19 patients showing lower mortality with camostat mesylate treatment. | ||
Mar 23 2021 |
, S., Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85765-7 | Computational characterization of inhaled droplet transport to the nasopharynx |
| Computational fluid dynamics study tracking inhaled droplet transport in CT-based anatomic reconstructions, showing droplets sized 2.5-19 µm deposit at the highest rates in the nasopharynx, the primary initial infection site for SARS-CoV-.. | ||
Mar 17 2021 |
et al., PLOS Biology, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001143 | Single-cell longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human airway epithelium identifies target cells, alterations in gene expression, and cell state changes |
| Single-cell RNA sequencing study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human airway epithelial cells showing ciliated cells are a major target of infection at onset which expands to other cell types over time. Infected cells show upregulation of gen.. | ||
Jan 28 2021 |
et al., PLOS Pathogens, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009292 | Single cell resolution of SARS-CoV-2 tropism, antiviral responses, and susceptibility to therapies in primary human airway epithelium |
| In Vitro study using primary human airway epithelial cells showing heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 infection across cell types, with ciliated cells being the predominant cell target. Induction of interferon responses was rare and there was si.. | ||
Jan 1 2021 |
, R., Occupational Medicine, doi:10.1093/occmed/kqaa210 | Physician deaths from COVID-19 have been lower than expected |
| Retrospective 108 US physician deaths from COVID-19 up to October 2020, showing significantly lower mortality compared to the general population (16% of expected deaths). | ||
Dec 19 2020 |
et al., International Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.041 | Association of prescribed medications with the risk of COVID-19 infection and severity among adults in South Korea |
| 14% more cases (p=0.84). Retrospective database analysis showing no significant differences with camostat use. | ||
Oct 28 2020 |
et al., Nature Communications, doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19145-6 | ACE2 localizes to the respiratory cilia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or ARBs |
| In Vitro study showing that ACE2 is highly localized within the motile cilia of airway epithelial cells, potentially representing an initial site of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Authors demonstrate that ACE inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II recep.. | ||
Jul 31 2020 |
et al., Cell, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.042 | SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Genetics Reveals a Variable Infection Gradient in the Respiratory Tract |
| In Vitro and autopsy study showing that SARS-CoV-2 infects ciliated nasal epithelial cells, with progressively lower ACE2 expression and infectivity in lower regions of the respiratory tract. The results suggest that initial infection pri.. | ||
Jul 31 2020 |
et al., Science, doi:10.1126/science.abc6156 | How does SARS-CoV-2 cause COVID-19? |
| Review discussing how the viral receptor ACE2 regulates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, tissue tropism, and COVID-19 disease progression. The presence of a furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expands cell tropism compared to SARS-C.. | ||
Jan 21 2020 |
et al., BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.l6802 | Impact of blinding on estimated treatment effects in randomised clinical trials: meta-epidemiological study |
| Meta-analysis of 142 meta-analyses (1,153 trials) finding no evidence that lack of blinding of patients, healthcare providers, or outcome assessors influenced effect estimates in randomized clinical trials on average. | ||
Aug 20 2003 |
et al., JAMA, doi:10.1001/jama.290.7.921 | Association of Funding and Conclusions in Randomized Drug Trials |
| Analysis of randomized drug trials included in Cochrane reviews, showing that trials funded by for-profit organizations were significantly more likely to recommend the experimental drug as treatment of choice (OR 5.3 [2.0-14.4]) compared .. | ||
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