Safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19: a randomized, single blinded, parallel, controlled clinical study

{ 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 12, 21]], 'date-time': '2022-12-21T02:35:29Z', 'timestamp': 1671590129820}, 'reference-count': 56, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 6, 27]], 'date-time': '2022-06-27T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1656288000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 6, 27]], 'date-time': '2022-06-27T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1656288000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/501100008793', 'name': 'Universidad del Rosario', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'award': ['ABN011', 'ABN011', 'ABN011', 'ABN011', 'ABN011', 'ABN011']}, {'name': 'ISA group'}, {'name': 'Suramericana'}, {'name': 'IDCBIS'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2022, 12]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Convalescent plasma\xa0(CP) has been widely used to treat COVID-19 ' 'and is under study. However, the variability in the current clinical trials has averted its ' 'wide use in the current pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CP in ' 'severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the early stages of the disease.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted on 101 patients ' 'admitted to the hospital with confirmed severe COVID-19. Most participants had less than ' '14\xa0days from symptoms onset and less than seven days from hospitalization. Fifty patients ' 'were assigned to receive CP plus standard therapy (ST), and 51 were assigned to receive ST ' 'alone. Participants in the CP arm received two doses of 250\xa0mL each, transfused 24\xa0h ' 'apart. All transfused plasma was obtained from "super donors" that fulfilled the following ' 'criteria: titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG\u2009≥\u20091:3200 and IgA\u2009≥\u20091:800 ' 'antibodies. The effect of transfused anti-IFN antibodies and the SARS-CoV-2 variants at the ' 'entry of the study on the overall CP efficacy was evaluated. The primary outcomes were the ' 'reduction in viral load and the increase in IgG and IgA antibodies at 28\xa0days of ' 'follow-up. The per-protocol analysis included 91 patients.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>An early but transient increase in IgG anti-S1-SARS-CoV-2 antibody ' 'levels at day 4 post-transfusion was observed (Estimated difference [ED],\u2009−\u20091.36; ' '95% CI,\u2009−\u20092.33 to\u2009−\u20090.39; P\u2009=\u20090.04). However, CP was not ' 'associated with viral load reduction in any of the points evaluated.\xa0Analysis of secondary ' 'outcomes revealed that those patients in the CP arm disclosed a shorter time to discharge (ED ' 'adjusted for mortality, 3.1\xa0days; 95% CI, 0.20 to 5.94; P\u2009=\u20090.0361) or a ' 'reduction of 2 points on the WHO scale when compared with the ST group (HR adjusted for ' 'mortality, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.5; P\u2009=\u20090.0376). There were no benefits from CP on ' 'the rates of intensive care unit admission (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.9; P\u2009=\u2009' '0.6399), mechanical ventilation (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.25 to 1.7; P\u2009=\u20090.4039), or ' 'mortality (HR, 3.2; 95% CI, 0.64 to 16; P\u2009=\u20090.1584). Anti-IFN antibodies and ' 'SARS-CoV-2 variants did not influence these results.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>CP was not associated with viral load reduction, despite the early ' 'increase in IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. However, CP is safe and could be a therapeutic ' 'option to reduce the hospital length of stay.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p><jats:italic>Trial registration</jats:italic> NCT04332835\n' '</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12879-022-07560-7', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 6, 27]], 'date-time': '2022-06-27T06:03:13Z', 'timestamp': 1656309793000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 1, 'title': 'Safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19: a randomized, single blinded, ' 'parallel, controlled clinical study', 'prefix': '10.1186', 'volume': '22', 'author': [ {'given': 'Manuel', 'family': 'Rojas', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Yhojan', 'family': 'Rodríguez', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Juan Carlos', 'family': 'Hernández', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Juan C.', 'family': 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Written informed consent was obtained from all ' 'participants, and the trial was conducted following the principles stated in ' 'the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines.', 'order': 2, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Ethics approval and consent to participate'}}, { 'value': 'All participants provided consent to publish.', 'order': 3, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Consent for publication'}}, { 'value': 'None.', 'order': 4, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Competing interests'}}, { 'value': 'Conceptualization: JMA, JEG, RM; Acquisition of data: YR, JCH, JCD, JAD, VPV, ' 'JPM, IA, JTY, OBR, JMPO, DMM, YAA, CRS, PGG JSG, CRP, GSL, NM, LM, RRD, JEO, ' 'CRPM, AAB, ARV, CEP; Methodology: JMA, ARV, RM, GSL, JEG, BC; Statistical ' 'Analysis: MR, RM, JMA; Funding acquisition: JMA, BC, RM; Procurement of ' 'convalescent plasma: PGG, LAL, LDC, JSG, CRP, GSL, BC; Center Coordination: CF; ' 'Monitoring: IEO; Variants analysis: NB, LHP, SC, MM, JDR; Anti-IFN antibodies: ' 'PB, AG, LB, J-LC; Writing and editing: MR, JMA. All authors read and approved ' 'the final manuscript.', 'order': 5, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Author contributions'}}], 'article-number': '575'}