COVID-19 treatment efficacy timeline
The time when studies indicated that treatments were
effective, defined as statistically significant improvement of
≥10% from ≥3
studies. 0.9% of 3,817 proposed treatments have been
identified as effective.
Results reflect conditions as used in trials to date and depend on many
factors including the population treated, treatment delay, and treatment
regimen. Click the treatment name to see all studies, where the name of each
study can be clicked on for the source paper. No treatment is 100% effective.
Protocols typically combine multiple treatments which may be complementary and
synergistic. Treatment efficacy may vary by variant, especially for monoclonal
antibodies. All treatments have potential side effects which may exceed
benefits. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on
risk/benefit analysis. Submit
Corrections or Updates
Currently, 36 of the treatments we analyze show statistically significant efficacy or harm, defined as ≥10% decreased risk or >0% increased risk from ≥3 studies.
RCT confirmation adds 4.4+ months delay.
Of the 36 treatments with statistically significant efficacy/harm, 23 have been confirmed in RCTs, with a mean delay of 4.4 months. For the 13 unconfirmed treatments, 4 have zero RCTs to date. The point estimates for the remaining 9 are all consistent with the overall results (benefit or harm), with 8 showing >20%. The only treatment showing >10% efficacy for all studies, but <10% for RCTs is aspirin.
Specific outcome confirmation adds 3.1+ months delay. 97% of treatments showing statistically significant efficacy/harm with pooled effects have been confirmed with one or more specific outcomes, with a mean delay of 3.1 months.
Specific outcome confirmation for RCTs adds
2.9+ months delay. When restricting to RCTs only, 55% of treatments showing statistically significant efficacy/harm with pooled effects have been confirmed with one or more specific outcomes, with a mean delay of 2.9 months.
● Pooled outcome analysis with the most serious outcome reported
● Specific outcome analysis
● Pooled outcome analysis for RCTs only
● Specific outcome analysis for RCTs only
● Specific outcome analysis
● Pooled outcome analysis for RCTs only
● Specific outcome analysis for RCTs only
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH
provide treatment protocols.
Thanks for your feedback! Please search before submitting papers and note
that studies are listed under the date they were first available, which may be
the date of an earlier preprint.