Early transfusIon of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in Elderly COVID-19 Patients to Prevent Disease Progression

Teofili et al., NCT04374526, LIFESAVER, NCT04374526, May 2021
Late treatmentRCT · NCT04374526 · 29 patients · Italy
Conv. Plasma for COVID-19
LIFESAVER Teofili et al. NCT04374526 · May 2021
Outcome
Improvement
Relative Risk · 95% CI
Mortality
-100%2.00 · 0.16 to >9
00.511.52+
← Convalescent
Plasma reduces riskIncreased risk →
Trial underpowered to detect differences
RCT 12 patients in Italy, showing no significant difference with convalescent plasma treatment. Results are from Axfors et al..
Important missing comments or errors? Let us know.
risk of death, 100% higher, RR 2.00, p = 1.00, treatment 1 of 4 (25.0%), control 1 of 8 (12.5%).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Teofili et al., 26 May 2021, Randomized Controlled Trial, Italy, preprint, 1 author, trial NCT04374526 (history) (LIFESAVER).
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org October 2026 Italy Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines Vietnam Japan Argentina Nepal Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Venezuela DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Egypt Nigeria Taiwan Fiji Zambia Bosnia-Herzegovina Jordan Georgia Switzerland Dominican Republic Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Iceland New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel Haiti North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Italy favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment, andforgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org October 2026 Italy Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines Vietnam Japan Argentina Nepal Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Venezuela DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Egypt Taiwan Fiji Zambia Jordan Georgia Switzerland Dominican Rep. Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Sri Lanka Bulgaria Greece Slovakia New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Italy favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment,and forgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Late treatment
is less effective
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