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Neglected Effective Early Therapies against COVID-19: Focus on Functional Foods and Related Active Substances. A Review

Dec 2023  
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12th treatment shown to reduce risk in January 2021, now with p = 0.00016 from 14 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,000+ studies for 109 treatments. c19early.org
Review of a group of compounds with efficacy shown in RCTs, safety, favorable opportunity costs, biological plausibility, and accessibility without major conflicts of interest. The compounds include curcumin, nigella sativa (black seed), quercetin, L-arginine, povidone-iodine, and melatonin. RCTs show significantly reduced mortality with curcumin, nigella sativa, quercetin, povidone-iodine, and melatonin treatment. RCTs also show L-arginine may be effective against long COVID symptoms. The author contrasts these treatments with acetaminophen (paracetamol), which lacks RCT evidence of efficacy but is widely recommended.
Reviews covering nigella sativa for COVID-19 include1-8.
Review covers curcumin, quercetin, nigella sativa, melatonin, alkalinization, and povidone-iodine.
Donzelli et al., 15 Dec 2023, preprint, 1 author. Contact: info@fondazioneallinearesanitaesalute.org.
This PaperNigella SativaAll
Neglected Effective Early Therapies against COVID-19: Focus on Functional Foods and Related Active Substances. A Review
Alberto Donzelli
doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1178.v1
The official recommendations for COVID-19 management in the outpatient setting focus on high-cost drugs, that show several problems and limitations. Therefore, other treatments may be considered, if they meet the following criteria: promising effectiveness, based on favorable randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acceptable validity, provided the treatments are also: safe, convenient, biologically plausible, accessible and coming from researchers with no major conflict of interests. The focus is on some functional foods and their active ingredients, with further mention of a few other substances of different origin but meeting the above criteria. The supporting scientific evidence privileges meta-analyses of RCTs, the most valid study design, including the most solid outcome: all-cause mortality.
Conflicts of Interest: The Author declares no conflict of interest.
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Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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