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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Viral clearance, day 10 53% Improvement Relative Risk Viral clearance, day 14 75% Viral clearance, day 21 67% c19early.org/t Hartono et al. Curcumin for COVID-19 RCT LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with curcumin+virgin coconut oil beneficial for COVID-19? RCT 60 patients in Indonesia Improved viral clearance with curcumin+virgin coconut oil (p=0.0000019) Hartono et al., Pharmacognosy J., doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27 Favors curcumin Favors control
The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
Hartono et al., Pharmacognosy Journal, doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27
Hartono et al., The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas.., Pharmacognosy Journal, doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27
Feb 2022   Source   PDF  
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RCT with 30 patients treated with curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO), and 30 SOC patients in Indonesia, showing faster viral clearance with treatment. Treatment also reduced IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, and IFN-β levels. VCO improves the bioavailability of curcumin. There were large unadjusted differences in baseline severity and age, for example 20% vs. 47% of patients >50. VCO 30ml and curcumin 1g tid for 21 days. 066/UN27.06.6.1/KEPK/EC/2020. This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: randomization resulted in significant baseline differences that were not adjusted for.
risk of no viral clearance, 53.3% lower, RR 0.47, p < 0.001, treatment 14 of 30 (46.7%), control 30 of 30 (100.0%), NNT 1.9, day 10.
risk of no viral clearance, 75.0% lower, RR 0.25, p = 0.002, treatment 4 of 30 (13.3%), control 16 of 30 (53.3%), NNT 2.5, day 14.
risk of no viral clearance, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 30 (0.0%), control 1 of 30 (3.3%), NNT 30, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), day 21.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Hartono et al., 22 Feb 2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, Indonesia, peer-reviewed, 13 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with virgin coconut oil) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Abstract: Pharmacogn J. 2022; 14(1): 216-225 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy www.phcogj.com Research Article The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia Hartono1,2*, B Suryawati3, Y Sari4, A Avicena2, Maryani3, C Sukmagautama2, H Apriningsih2, L Shofiyah2, RGH Novika5, NJ Wahidah5, NY Rahmawati6, ANM Ansori7, L Sumarno8 ABSTRACT Hartono1,2*, B Suryawati3, Y Sari4, A Avicena2, Maryani3, C Sukmagautama2, H Apriningsih2, L Shofiyah2, RGH Novika5, NJ Wahidah5, NY Rahmawati6, ANM Ansori7, L Sumarno8 1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia 2 Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Teaching Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia 4 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia 5 Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia 6 Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia 7 Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia 8 National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia Correspondence Hartono Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Teaching Hospital, Surakarta, INDONESIA. E-mail: hartono65@staff.uns.ac.id Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-9357 History • Submission Date: 18-10-2021; • Review completed: 11-12-2021; • Accepted Date: 03-01-2022. DOI : 10.5530/pj.2022.14.27 Article Available online http://www.phcogj.com/v14/i1 Copyright © 2022 Phcogj.Com. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Phcogj.com 216 Introduction: To date, no specific therapeutic drug has been approved to target SARS-CoV-2. Hence, it remains a major challenge to decide what potential therapeutic regimens to treat COVID-19 patients. This study aims to investigate curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO) effects on cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFN-β) in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was a single-center, controlled trial with a parallel Arm or a Randomized Clinical trial design. A total of sixty COVID-19 patients admitted to the Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, were divided into two groups. The first group, consisting of 30 patients, was treated with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg + Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days. The second group, comprising 30 patients, was treated with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg + Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days, added with VCO 30 mL and curcumin 3×1 g/day for 21 days. The cytokine profiles of the serum samples were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 1, 14, and 21. Results: Our study showed that the second group had a significant reduction in IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β levels after being treated with standard therapy added with curcumin and VCO on day 21 (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggested that curcumin and VCO might benefit the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Key words: COVID-19, Curcumin, Cytokines, Virgin coconut oil.
Late treatment
is less effective
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