The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
Hartono et al.,
The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas..,
Pharmacognosy Journal, doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27
RCT with 30 patients treated with curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO), and 30 SOC patients in Indonesia, showing faster viral clearance with treatment. Treatment also reduced IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, and IFN-β levels. VCO improves the bioavailability of curcumin. There were large unadjusted differences in baseline severity and age, for example 20% vs. 47% of patients >50. VCO 30ml and curcumin 1g tid for 21 days. 066/UN27.06.6.1/KEPK/EC/2020.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta
analysis:
randomization resulted in significant baseline differences that were not adjusted for.
risk of no viral clearance, 53.3% lower, RR 0.47, p < 0.001, treatment 14 of 30 (46.7%), control 30 of 30 (100.0%), NNT 1.9, day 10.
|
risk of no viral clearance, 75.0% lower, RR 0.25, p = 0.002, treatment 4 of 30 (13.3%), control 16 of 30 (53.3%), NNT 2.5, day 14.
|
risk of no viral clearance, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 30 (0.0%), control 1 of 30 (3.3%), NNT 30, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), day 21.
|
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
|
Hartono et al., 22 Feb 2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, Indonesia, peer-reviewed, 13 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with virgin coconut oil) - results of individual treatments may vary.
Abstract: Pharmacogn J. 2022; 14(1): 216-225
A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy
www.phcogj.com
Research Article
The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines
Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital,
Surakarta, Indonesia
Hartono1,2*, B Suryawati3, Y Sari4, A Avicena2, Maryani3, C Sukmagautama2, H Apriningsih2, L Shofiyah2, RGH
Novika5, NJ Wahidah5, NY Rahmawati6, ANM Ansori7, L Sumarno8
ABSTRACT
Hartono1,2*, B Suryawati3, Y
Sari4, A Avicena2, Maryani3, C
Sukmagautama2, H Apriningsih2,
L Shofiyah2, RGH Novika5, NJ
Wahidah5, NY Rahmawati6, ANM
Ansori7, L Sumarno8
1
Department of Physiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
2
Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Teaching
Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
3
Department of Microbiology, Faculty
of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
4
Department of Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
5
Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Indonesia
6
Doctoral Program of Medical Science,
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga,
Surabaya, Indonesia
7
Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
8
National Research and Innovation Agency,
Jakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence
Hartono
Department of Physiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret
(UNS) Teaching Hospital, Surakarta,
INDONESIA.
E-mail: hartono65@staff.uns.ac.id
Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-9357
History
• Submission Date: 18-10-2021;
• Review completed: 11-12-2021;
• Accepted Date: 03-01-2022.
DOI : 10.5530/pj.2022.14.27
Article Available online
http://www.phcogj.com/v14/i1
Copyright
© 2022 Phcogj.Com. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International license.
Phcogj.com
216
Introduction: To date, no specific therapeutic drug has been approved to target SARS-CoV-2. Hence,
it remains a major challenge to decide what potential therapeutic regimens to treat COVID-19 patients.
This study aims to investigate curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO) effects on cytokine levels (IL-1β,
IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFN-β) in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was a single-center,
controlled trial with a parallel Arm or a Randomized Clinical trial design. A total of sixty COVID-19 patients
admitted to the Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, were divided into two groups.
The first group, consisting of 30 patients, was treated with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg
+ Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days. The second group, comprising 30 patients, was treated
with Azithromycin 500 mg + Oseltamivir 2×75 mg + Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for 5 days, added
with VCO 30 mL and curcumin 3×1 g/day for 21 days. The cytokine profiles of the serum samples were
analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 1, 14, and 21. Results: Our study
showed that the second group had a significant reduction in IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β levels
after being treated with standard therapy added with curcumin and VCO on day 21 (p<0.05). Conclusion:
These results suggested that curcumin and VCO might benefit the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Key words: COVID-19, Curcumin, Cytokines, Virgin coconut oil.
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
Submit