Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Abstract
All nigella sativa studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchNigella SativaNigella Sativa (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Nigella sativa and its chemical constituents: pre-clinical and clinical evidence for their potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects

Cyril et al., Inflammopharmacology, doi:10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9
Nov 2023  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
12th treatment shown to reduce risk in January 2021, now with p = 0.00016 from 14 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 109 treatments. c19early.org
Review of pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the the use of nigella sativa for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Reviews covering nigella sativa for COVID-19 include1-8.
Cyril et al., 15 Nov 2023, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
This PaperNigella SativaAll
{ 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 16]], 'date-time': '2023-11-16T00:46:50Z', 'timestamp': 1700095610799}, 'reference-count': 120, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-11-15T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1700006400000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-11-15T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1700006400000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining'}], 'funder': [ {'DOI': '10.13039/100012001', 'name': 'Al Jalila Foundation', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref'}, {'name': 'MBRU AL MAHMEED Research Grant', 'award': ['ALM20-0075']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'DOI': '10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-11-15T10:02:13Z', 'timestamp': 1700042533000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Nigella sativa and its chemical constituents: pre-clinical and clinical evidence for their ' 'potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects', 'prefix': '10.1007', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7524-9650', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Asha Caroline', 'family': 'Cyril', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-4182', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Najma Mohamed', 'family': 'Ali', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'given': 'Anagha', 'family': 'Nelliyulla Parambath', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2742-6277', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Cijo George', 'family': 'Vazhappilly', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1685-5594', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Reem Kais', 'family': 'Jan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-0316', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Noushad', 'family': 'Karuvantevida', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-896X', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Haneen', 'family': 'Aburamadan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Yosra', 'family': 'Lozon', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-8234', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Rajan', 'family': 'Radhakrishnan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '1385_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2971', 'DOI': '10.1080/07391102.2020.1758790', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'I Aanouz', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Aanouz I, Belhassan A, El-Khatabi K, Lakhlifi T, El-Ldrissi M, ' 'Bouachrine M (2021) Moroccan medicinal plants as inhibitors against ' 'SARS-CoV-2 main protease: computational investigations. J Biomol Struct ' 'Dyn 39:2971–2979', 'journal-title': 'J Biomol Struct Dyn'}, { 'key': '1385_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Abdallah HM, El-Halawany AM, Darwish KM, Algandaby MM, Mohamed GA, ' 'Ibrahim SRM et al (2022) Bio-guided isolation of SARS-CoV-2 main ' 'protease inhibitors from medicinal plants: in vitro assay and molecular ' 'dynamics. Plants Basel 11:1', 'DOI': '10.3390/plants11151914'}, { 'key': '1385_CR3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '626', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.009', 'volume': '90', 'author': 'A Abidi', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Abidi A, Robbe A, Kourda N, Ben Khamsa S, Legrand A (2017) Nigella ' 'sativa, a traditional Tunisian herbal medicine, attenuates ' 'bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a rat model. Biomed Pharmacother ' '90:626–637', 'journal-title': 'Biomed Pharmacother'}, { 'key': '1385_CR4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules24162958', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'A Adamska', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Adamska A, Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Ochocka JR (2019) Alpha-Hederin, the ' 'active saponin of Nigella sativa, as an anticancer agent inducing ' 'apoptosis in the SKOV-3 cell line. Molecules 24:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/nu13051550', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'D Agagunduz', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Agagunduz D, Celik MN, Citar Daziroglu ME, Capasso R (2021) Emergent ' 'drug and nutrition interactions in COVID-19: a comprehensive narrative ' 'review. Nutrients 13:1', 'journal-title': 'Nutrients'}, { 'key': '1385_CR6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '337', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60075-1', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'A Ahmad', 'year': '2013', 'unstructured': 'Ahmad A, Husain A, Mujeeb M, Khan SA, Najmi AK, Siddique NA, Damanhouri ' 'ZA, Anwar F (2013) A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: ' 'a miracle herb. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 3:337–352', 'journal-title': 'Asian Pac J Trop Biomed'}, { 'key': '1385_CR7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2786', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.6793', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'A Ahmad', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Ahmad A, Rehman MU, Ahmad P, Alkharfy KM (2020) Covid-19 and ' 'thymoquinone: Connecting the dots. Phytother Res 34:2786–2789', 'journal-title': 'Phytother Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '106899', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.vph.2021.106899', 'volume': '141', 'author': 'A Ahmad', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ahmad A, Raish M, Alkharfy KM (2021a) The potential role of thymoquinone ' 'in preventing the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19. Vascul ' 'Pharmacol 141:106899', 'journal-title': 'Vascul Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '40', 'DOI': '10.1007/s41061-021-00353-7', 'volume': '379', 'author': 'I Ahmad', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ahmad I, Pawara R, Surana S, Patel H (2021b) The repurposed ACE2 ' 'inhibitors: SARS-CoV-2 entry blockers of covid-19. Top Curr Chem (cham) ' '379:40', 'journal-title': 'Top Curr Chem (cham)'}, { 'key': '1385_CR10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4225', 'DOI': '10.1080/07391102.2020.1775129', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'S Ahmad', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ahmad S, Abbasi HW, Shahid S, Gul S, Abbasi SW (2021c) Molecular ' 'docking, simulation and MM-PBSA studies of Nigella sativa compounds: a ' 'computational quest to identify potential natural antiviral for COVID-19 ' 'treatment. J Biomol Struct Dyn 39:4225–4233', 'journal-title': 'J Biomol Struct Dyn'}, { 'key': '1385_CR11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '67', 'DOI': '10.1007/s10787-016-0262-7', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'M Akram Khan', 'year': '2016', 'unstructured': 'Akram Khan M, Afzal M (2016) Chemical composition of Nigella sativa ' 'Linn: Part 2 recent advances. Inflammopharmacology 24:67–79', 'journal-title': 'Inflammopharmacology'}, { 'key': '1385_CR12', 'first-page': '8', 'volume': '82', 'author': 'B Amin', 'year': '2016', 'unstructured': 'Amin B, Hosseinzadeh H (2016) Black cumin (Nigella sativa) and its ' 'active constituent, thymoquinone: an overview on the analgesic and ' 'anti-inflammatory effects. Planta Med 82:8–16', 'journal-title': 'Planta Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules26061775', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'AV Anand', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Anand AV, Balamuralikrishnan B, Kaviya M, Bharathi K, Parithathvi A, ' 'Arun M et al (2021) Medicinal plants, phytochemicals, and herbs to ' 'combat viral pathogens including SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 26:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '618', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13063-021-05510-3', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'S Ashraf', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ashraf S, Ashraf S, Akmal R, Ashraf M, Kalsoom L, Maqsood A et al (2021) ' 'Prophylactic potential of honey and Nigella sativa L. against hospital ' 'and community-based SARS-CoV-2 spread: a structured summary of a study ' 'protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 22:618', 'journal-title': 'Trials'}, { 'key': '1385_CR15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1819', 'DOI': '10.2147/DDDT.S308863', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'OA Badary', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Badary OA, Hamza MS, Tikamdas R (2021) Thymoquinone: a promising natural ' 'compound with potential benefits for COVID-19 prevention and cure. Drug ' 'Des Devel Ther 15:1819–1833', 'journal-title': 'Drug Des Devel Ther'}, { 'key': '1385_CR16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1051', 'DOI': '10.1007/s12010-021-03790-8', 'volume': '194', 'author': 'A Baig', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Baig A, Srinivasan H (2022) SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors from Nigella sativa. ' 'Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194:1051–1090', 'journal-title': 'Appl Biochem Biotechnol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2529', 'DOI': '10.3748/wjg.v19.i16.2529', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'EM Barakat', 'year': '2013', 'unstructured': 'Barakat EM, El Wakeel LM, Hagag RS (2013) Effects of Nigella sativa on ' 'outcome of hepatitis C in Egypt. World J Gastroenterol 19:2529–2536', 'journal-title': 'World J Gastroenterol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '173', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.015', 'volume': '96', 'author': 'R Bargi', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Bargi R, Asgharzadeh F, Beheshti F, Hosseini M, Sadeghnia HR, Khazaei M ' '(2017) The effects of thymoquinone on hippocampal cytokine level, brain ' 'oxidative stress status and memory deficits induced by ' 'lipopolysaccharide in rats. Cytokine 96:173–184', 'journal-title': 'Cytokine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijerph191811798', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'KA Bin Abdulrahman', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Bin Abdulrahman KA, Bamosa AO, Bukhari AI, Siddiqui IA, Arafa MA, Mohsin ' 'AA et al (2022) The effect of short treatment with Nigella sativa on ' 'symptoms, the cluster of differentiation (CD) profile, and inflammatory ' 'markers in mild COVID-19 patients: a randomized, double-blind controlled ' 'trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19:1', 'journal-title': 'Int J Environ Res Public Health'}, { 'key': '1385_CR20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Bouchentouf S, Missoum N (2020) Identification of compounds from Nigella ' 'sativa as new potential inhibitors of 2019 novel coronasvirus ' '(Covid-19): molecular docking study', 'DOI': '10.26434/chemrxiv.12055716'}, { 'key': '1385_CR21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/ph15111387', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'R Damiescu', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Damiescu R, Lee DYW, Efferth T (2022) Can essential oils provide an ' 'alternative adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 infections and pain management ' 'at the same time? Pharmaceuticals (basel) 15:1', 'journal-title': 'Pharmaceuticals (basel)'}, { 'key': '1385_CR22', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '2022', 'author': 'D Dey', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Dey D, Hossain R, Biswas P, Paul P, Islam MA, Ema TI et al (2022) ' 'Amentoflavone derivatives significantly act towards the main protease ' '(3CL(PRO)/M(PRO)) of SARS-CoV-2: in silico admet profiling, molecular ' 'docking, molecular dynamics simulation, network pharmacology. Mol Divers ' '2022:1–15', 'journal-title': 'Mol Divers'}, { 'key': '1385_CR23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '104277', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104277', 'volume': '148', 'author': 'M Divya', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Divya M, Vijayakumar S, Chen J, Vaseeharan B, Duran-Lara EF (2020) South ' 'Indian medicinal plants can combat deadly viruses along with COVID-19? A ' 'review. Microb Pathog 148:104277', 'journal-title': 'Microb Pathog'}, { 'key': '1385_CR24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '57', 'DOI': '10.1186/s42269-021-00517-x', 'volume': '45', 'author': 'CE Duru', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Duru CE, Duru IA, Adegboyega AE (2021) In silico identification of ' 'compounds from Nigella sativa seed oil as potential inhibitors of ' 'SARS-CoV-2 targets. Bull Natl Res Cent 45:57', 'journal-title': 'Bull Natl Res Cent'}, { 'key': '1385_CR25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '105587', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105587', 'volume': '120', 'author': 'ER Esharkawy', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Esharkawy ER, Almalki F, Hadda TB (2022) In vitro potential antiviral ' 'SARS-CoV-19-activity of natural product thymohydroquinone and ' 'dithymoquinone from Nigella sativa. Bioorg Chem 120:105587', 'journal-title': 'Bioorg Chem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '104269', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104269', 'volume': '104', 'author': 'Faheem', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Faheem, Kumar BK, Sekhar K, Kunjiappan S, Jamalis J, Balana-Fouce R, ' 'Tekwani BL, Sankaranarayanan M (2020) Druggable targets of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'and treatment opportunities for COVID-19. Bioorg Chem 104:104269', 'journal-title': 'Bioorg Chem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1', 'volume': '1282', 'author': 'AR Fehr', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'Fehr AR, Perlman S (2015) Coronaviruses: an overview of their ' 'replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol Biol 1282:1–23', 'journal-title': 'Methods Mol Biol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR28', 'first-page': '929', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'F Forouzanfar', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Forouzanfar F, Bazzaz BS, Hosseinzadeh H (2014) Black cumin (Nigella ' 'sativa) and its constituent (thymoquinone): a review on antimicrobial ' 'effects. Iran J Basic Med Sci 17:929–938', 'journal-title': 'Iran J Basic Med Sci'}, { 'key': '1385_CR29', 'first-page': '195', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Z Gholamnezhad', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Gholamnezhad Z, Shakeri F, Saadat S, Ghorani V, Boskabady MH (2019) ' 'Clinical and experimental effects of Nigella sativa and its constituents ' 'on respiratory and allergic disorders. Avicenna J Phytomed 9:195–212', 'journal-title': 'Avicenna J Phytomed'}, { 'key': '1385_CR30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules27051743', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'P Gonzalez-Maldonado', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Gonzalez-Maldonado P, Alvarenga N, Burgos-Edwards A, Flores-Giubi ME, ' 'Barua JE, Romero-Rodriguez MC et al (2022) Screening of natural products ' 'inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Molecules 27:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '337', 'DOI': '10.22462/7.8.2017.6', 'volume': '44', 'author': 'AE Gunes', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Gunes AE, Gozeneli O, Akal AA, Guldur ME, Savik E (2017) Reduction of ' 'side effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy with thymoquinone treatment in ' 'rats. Undersea Hyperb Med 44:337–343', 'journal-title': 'Undersea Hyperb Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR32', 'first-page': '34', 'volume': '6', 'author': 'V Hadi', 'year': '2016', 'unstructured': 'Hadi V, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M, Khabbazi A, Hosseini H (2016) Effects ' 'of Nigella sativa oil extract on inflammatory cytokine response and ' 'oxidative stress status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a ' 'randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Avicenna J ' 'Phytomed 6:34–43', 'journal-title': 'Avicenna J Phytomed'}, { 'key': '1385_CR33', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules26061754', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'S Hafez Ghoran', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Hafez Ghoran S, El-Shazly M, Sekeroglu N, Kijjoa A (2021) Natural ' 'products from medicinal plants with anti-human coronavirus activities. ' 'Molecules 26:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR34', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '294', 'DOI': '10.2174/1389200216666150803144631', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'DC Hao', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'Hao DC, Ge GB, Xiao PG, Wang P, Yang L (2015) Drug metabolism and ' 'pharmacokinetic diversity of ranunculaceae medicinal compounds. Curr ' 'Drug Metab 16:294–321', 'journal-title': 'Curr Drug Metab'}, { 'key': '1385_CR35', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules27249044', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'J He', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'He J, Liu S, Tan Q, Liu Z, Fu J, Li T et al (2022) Antiviral potential ' 'of small molecules cordycepin, thymoquinone, and N6, ' 'N6-dimethyladenosine targeting SARS-CoV-2 entry protein ADAM17. ' 'Molecules 27:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR36', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4085', 'DOI': '10.1111/febs.12936', 'volume': '281', 'author': 'R Hilgenfeld', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Hilgenfeld R (2014) From SARS to MERS: crystallographic studies on ' 'coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design. FEBS J 281:4085–4096', 'journal-title': 'FEBS J'}, { 'key': '1385_CR37', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '56', 'DOI': '10.1078/0944-7113-00376', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'H Hosseinzadeh', 'year': '2004', 'unstructured': 'Hosseinzadeh H, Parvardeh S (2004) Anticonvulsant effects of ' 'thymoquinone, the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, in mice. ' 'Phytomedicine 11:56–64', 'journal-title': 'Phytomedicine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR38', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '250', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.26232', 'volume': '93', 'author': 'B Hu', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Hu B, Huang S, Yin L (2021) The cytokine storm and COVID-19. J Med Virol ' '93:250–256', 'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR39', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '497', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'C Huang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y et al (2020) Clinical ' 'features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, ' 'China. Lancet 395:497–506', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '1385_CR40', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '233', 'DOI': '10.1097/MCP.0000000000000046', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'DS Hui', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Hui DS, Memish ZA, Zumla A (2014) Severe acute respiratory syndrome vs. ' 'the Middle East respiratory syndrome. Curr Opin Pulm Med 20:233–241', 'journal-title': 'Curr Opin Pulm Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR41', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '744', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13104-018-3858-8', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'M Ikhsan', 'year': '2018', 'unstructured': 'Ikhsan M, Hiedayati N, Maeyama K, Nurwidya F (2018) Nigella sativa as an ' 'anti-inflammatory agent in asthma. BMC Res Notes 11:744', 'journal-title': 'BMC Res Notes'}, { 'key': '1385_CR42', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules27092750', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'M Imran', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Imran M, Khan SA, Abida, Alshammari MK, Alkhaldi SM, Alshammari FN et al ' '(2022) Nigella sativa L. and COVID-19: a glance at the anti-COVID-19 ' 'chemical constituents, clinical trials, inventions, and patent ' 'literature. Molecules 27:1', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'key': '1385_CR43', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1329', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.6895', 'volume': '35', 'author': 'MN Islam', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Islam MN, Hossain KS, Sarker PP, Ferdous J, Hannan MA, Rahman MM, Chu ' 'DT, Uddin MJ (2021) Revisiting pharmacological potentials of Nigella ' 'sativa seed: a promising option for COVID-19 prevention and cure. ' 'Phytother Res 35:1329–1344', 'journal-title': 'Phytother Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR44', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1128/JVI.01815-18', 'volume': '93', 'author': 'N Iwata-Yoshikawa', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Iwata-Yoshikawa N, Okamura T, Shimizu Y, Hasegawa H, Takeda M, Nagata N ' '(2019) TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the ' 'airways of murine models after coronavirus infection. J Virol 93:1', 'journal-title': 'J Virol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR45', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '3', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41580-021-00418-x', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'CB Jackson', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Jackson CB, Farzan M, Chen B, Choe H (2022) Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'entry into cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 23:3–20', 'journal-title': 'Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR46', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2417', 'DOI': '10.1080/07391102.2020.1839560', 'volume': '40', 'author': 'R Jakhmola Mani', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Jakhmola Mani R, Sehgal N, Dogra N, Saxena S, Pande Katare D (2022) ' 'Deciphering underlying mechanism of Sars-CoV-2 infection in humans and ' 'revealing the therapeutic potential of bioactive constituents from ' 'Nigella sativa to combat COVID19: in-silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn ' '40:2417–2429', 'journal-title': 'J Biomol Struct Dyn'}, { 'key': '1385_CR47', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '180', 'DOI': '10.1002/jobm.202000537', 'volume': '61', 'author': 'SB Kadam', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kadam SB, Sukhramani GS, Bishnoi P, Pable AA, Barvkar VT (2021) ' 'SARS-CoV-2, the pandemic coronavirus: molecular and structural insights. ' 'J Basic Microbiol 61:180–202', 'journal-title': 'J Basic Microbiol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR48', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '570', 'DOI': '10.2174/1570163817666200712164406', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'Y Kadil', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kadil Y, Mouhcine M, Filali H (2021) In silico investigation of the SARS ' 'CoV2 protease with thymoquinone, the major constituent of Nigella ' 'sativa. Curr Drug Discov Technol 18:570–573', 'journal-title': 'Curr Drug Discov Technol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR49', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e10421', 'DOI': '10.5812/ircmj.10421', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'R Keyhanmanesh', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Keyhanmanesh R, Nazemiyeh H, Mazouchian H, Bagheri Asl MM, Karimi Shoar ' 'M, Alipour MR, Boskabady MH (2014) Nigella sativa pretreatment in guinea ' 'pigs exposed to cigarette smoke modulates in vitro tracheal ' 'responsiveness. Iran Red Crescent Med J 16:e10421', 'journal-title': 'Iran Red Crescent Med J'}, { 'key': '1385_CR50', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '457', 'DOI': '10.1055/a-1143-8521', 'volume': '86', 'author': 'A Khabbazi', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Khabbazi A, Javadivala Z, Seyedsadjadi N, Malek Mahdavi A (2020) A ' 'systematic review of the potential effects of Nigella sativa on ' 'rheumatoid arthritis. Planta Med 86:457–469', 'journal-title': 'Planta Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR51', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '153311', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153311', 'volume': '85', 'author': 'SAM Khalifa', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Khalifa SAM, Yosri N, El-Mallah MF, Ghonaim R, Guo Z, Musharraf SG et al ' '(2021) Screening for natural and derived bio-active compounds in ' 'preclinical and clinical studies: One of the frontlines of fighting the ' 'coronaviruses pandemic. Phytomedicine 85:153311', 'journal-title': 'Phytomedicine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR52', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'MA Khan', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Khan MA (2019) Thymoquinone, a constituent of prophetic medicine-black ' 'seed, is a miracle therapeutic molecule against multiple diseases. Int J ' 'Health Sci (qassim) 13:1–2', 'journal-title': 'Int J Health Sci (qassim)'}, { 'key': '1385_CR53', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '101890', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101890', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'T Khan', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Khan T, Khan MA, Mashwani ZU, Ullah N, Nadhman A (2021) Therapeutic ' 'potential of medicinal plants against COVID-19: the role of antiviral ' 'medicinal metabolites. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 31:101890', 'journal-title': 'Biocatal Agric Biotechnol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR54', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e250667', 'DOI': '10.1590/1519-6984.25066', 'volume': '84', 'author': 'MT Khan', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Khan MT, Ali A, Wei X, Nadeem T, Muhammad S, Al-Sehemi AG, Wei D (2022) ' 'Inhibitory effect of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa against SARS-CoV-2 ' 'main protease. An in-Silico Study Braz J Biol 84:e250667', 'journal-title': 'An in-Silico Study Braz J Biol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR55', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '153361', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153361', 'volume': '85', 'author': 'K Khanna', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Khanna K, Kohli SK, Kaur R, Bhardwaj A, Bhardwaj V, Ohri P et al (2021) ' 'Herbal immune-boosters: substantial warriors of pandemic Covid-19 ' 'battle. Phytomedicine 85:153361', 'journal-title': 'Phytomedicine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR56', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '696', 'DOI': '10.1080/13880209.2021.1931353', 'volume': '59', 'author': 'MR Khazdair', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Khazdair MR, Ghafari S, Sadeghi M (2021) Possible therapeutic effects of ' 'Nigella sativa and its thymoquinone on COVID-19. Pharm Biol 59:696–703', 'journal-title': 'Pharm Biol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR57', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '15701', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-018-34171-7', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'RN Kirchdoerfer', 'year': '2018', 'unstructured': 'Kirchdoerfer RN, Wang N, Pallesen J, Wrapp D, Turner HL, Cottrell CA et ' 'al (2018) Stabilized coronavirus spikes are resistant to conformational ' 'changes induced by receptor recognition or proteolysis. Sci Rep 8:15701', 'journal-title': 'Sci Rep'}, { 'key': '1385_CR58', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '104502', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104502', 'volume': '85', 'author': 'N Kirtipal', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Kirtipal N, Bharadwaj S, Kang SG (2020) From SARS to SARS-CoV-2, ' 'insights on structure, pathogenicity and immunity aspects of pandemic ' 'human coronaviruses. Infect Genet Evol 85:104502', 'journal-title': 'Infect Genet Evol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR59', 'first-page': '732', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'W Kooti', 'year': '2016', 'unstructured': 'Kooti W, Hasanzadeh-Noohi Z, Sharafi-Ahvazi N, Asadi-Samani M, ' 'Ashtary-Larky D (2016) Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic ' 'uses of black seed (Nigella sativa). Chin J Nat Med 14:732–745', 'journal-title': 'Chin J Nat Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR60', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '100602', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100602', 'volume': '93', 'author': 'DAE Koshak', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Koshak DAE, Koshak PEA (2020) Nigella sativa L. as a potential ' 'phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: a mini review of in silico ' 'studies. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 93:100602', 'journal-title': 'Curr Ther Res Clin Exp'}, { 'key': '1385_CR61', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '102769', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102769', 'volume': '61', 'author': 'AE Koshak', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Koshak AE, Koshak EA, Mobeireek AF, Badawi MA, Wali SO, Malibary HM et ' 'al (2021) Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19: an open-label ' 'randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 61:102769', 'journal-title': 'Complement Ther Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR62', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '153277', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153277', 'volume': '85', 'author': 'MF Kulyar', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kulyar MF, Li R, Mehmood K, Waqas M, Li K, Li J (2021) Potential ' 'influence of Nagella sativa (Black cumin) in reinforcing immune system: ' 'a hope to decelerate the COVID-19 pandemic. Phytomedicine 85:153277', 'journal-title': 'Phytomedicine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR63', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '36', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.virol.2021.05.013', 'volume': '561', 'author': 'R Kumar', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kumar R, Nehul S, Singh A, Tomar S (2021) Identification and evaluation ' 'of antiviral potential of thymoquinone, a natural compound targeting ' 'Chikungunya virus capsid protein. Virology 561:36–46', 'journal-title': 'Virology'}, { 'key': '1385_CR64', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e12421', 'DOI': '10.15252/emmm.202012421', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'T Liu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Liu T, Zhang J, Yang Y, Ma H, Li Z, Zhang J et al (2020) The role of ' 'interleukin-6 in monitoring severe case of coronavirus disease 2019. ' 'EMBO Mol Med 12:e12421', 'journal-title': 'EMBO Mol Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR65', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '62', 'DOI': '10.3831/KPI.2020.23.010', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'NMP Maideen', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Maideen NMP (2020) Prophetic medicine-Nigella sativa (Black cumin ' 'seeds)—potential herb for COVID-19? J Pharmacopuncture 23:62–70', 'journal-title': 'J Pharmacopuncture'}, { 'key': '1385_CR66', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e230421187786', 'DOI': '10.2174/1573403X16666201110125906', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'NMP Maideen', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Maideen NMP, Balasubramanian R, Ramanathan S (2021) Nigella sativa ' '(Black Seeds), a potential herb for the pharmacotherapeutic management ' 'of hypertension—a review. Curr Cardiol Rev 17:e230421187786', 'journal-title': 'Curr Cardiol Rev'}, { 'key': '1385_CR67', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '106856', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.vph.2021.106856', 'volume': '138', 'author': 'S Maiti', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Maiti S, Banerjee A, Kanwar M (2021) In silico Nigellidine (N. sativa) ' 'bind to viral spike/active-sites of ACE1/2, AT1/2 to prevent COVID-19 ' 'induced vaso-tumult/vascular-damage/comorbidity. Vascul Pharmacol ' '138:106856', 'journal-title': 'Vascul Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR68', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '511', 'DOI': '10.1080/1061186X.2020.1817040', 'volume': '30', 'author': 'S Maiti', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Maiti S, Banerjee A, Nazmeen A, Kanwar M, Das S (2022) Active-site ' 'molecular docking of nigellidine with nucleocapsid-NSP2-MPro of COVID-19 ' 'and to human IL1R-IL6R and strong antioxidant role of Nigella sativa in ' 'experimental rats. J Drug Target 30:511–521', 'journal-title': 'J Drug Target'}, { 'key': '1385_CR69', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '295', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.023', 'volume': '28', 'author': 'AF Majdalawieh', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'Majdalawieh AF, Fayyad MW (2015) Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory ' 'action of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone: a comprehensive review. Int ' 'Immunopharmacol 28:295–304', 'journal-title': 'Int Immunopharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR70', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '197989', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197989', 'volume': '284', 'author': 'JS Mani', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Mani JS, Johnson JB, Steel JC, Broszczak DA, Neilsen PM, Walsh KB, ' 'Naiker M (2020) Natural product-derived phytochemicals as potential ' 'agents against coronaviruses: a review. Virus Res 284:197989', 'journal-title': 'Virus Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR71', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '127', 'DOI': '10.1515/abm-2020-0020', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'H Mashayekhi-Sardoo', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Mashayekhi-Sardoo H, Rezaee R, Karimi G (2020) Nigella sativa (black ' 'seed) safety: an overview. Asian Biomed (res Rev News) 14:127–137', 'journal-title': 'Asian Biomed (res Rev News)'}, { 'key': '1385_CR72', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '146', 'DOI': '10.2174/157340911795677602', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'XY Meng', 'year': '2011', 'unstructured': 'Meng XY, Zhang HX, Mezei M, Cui M (2011) Molecular docking: a powerful ' 'approach for structure-based drug discovery. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des ' '7:146–157', 'journal-title': 'Curr Comput Aided Drug Des'}, { 'key': '1385_CR73', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '394', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.002', 'volume': '29', 'author': 'SA Mir', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Mir SA, Firoz A, Alaidarous M, Alshehri B, Bin Dukhyil AA, Banawas S et ' 'al (2022) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ' 'inhibitors from the major phytochemicals of Nigella sativa: an in silico ' 'approach. Saudi J Biol Sci 29:394–401', 'journal-title': 'Saudi J Biol Sci'}, { 'key': '1385_CR74', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '158', 'DOI': '10.3831/KPI.2017.20.019', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'H Mollazadeh', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Mollazadeh H, Afshari AR, Hosseinzadeh H (2017) Review on the potential ' 'therapeutic roles of Nigella sativa in the treatment of patients with ' 'cancer: involvement of apoptosis: black cumin and cancer. J ' 'Pharmacopuncture 20:158–172', 'journal-title': 'J Pharmacopuncture'}, { 'key': '1385_CR75', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '730', 'DOI': '10.1002/cbic.202000047', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'JS Morse', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Morse JS, Lalonde T, Xu S, Liu WR (2020) Learning from the past: ' 'possible urgent prevention and treatment options for severe acute ' 'respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV. ChemBioChem 21:730–738', 'journal-title': 'ChemBioChem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR76', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '667704', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphar.2021.667704', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'S Nallusamy', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Nallusamy S, Mannu J, Ravikumar C, Angamuthu K, Nathan B, Nachimuthu K ' 'et al (2021) Exploring phytochemicals of traditional medicinal plants ' 'exhibiting inhibitory activity against main protease, spike ' 'glycoprotein, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and non-structural proteins ' 'of SARS-CoV-2 through virtual screening. Front Pharmacol 12:667704', 'journal-title': 'Front Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR77', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Omar S, Bouziane I, Bouslama Z, Djemel A (2020) In-silico identification ' 'of potent inhibitors of COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) and angiotensin ' 'converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from natural products: quercetin, hispidulin, ' 'and cirsimaritin exhibited better potential inhibition than ' 'hydroxy-chloroquine against COVID-19 main protease active site and ACE2', 'DOI': '10.26434/chemrxiv.12181404.v1'}, { 'key': '1385_CR78', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1620', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41467-020-15562-9', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'X Ou', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Ou X, Liu Y, Lei X, Li P, Mi D, Ren L et al (2020) Characterization of ' 'spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune ' 'cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV. Nat Commun 11:1620', 'journal-title': 'Nat Commun'}, { 'key': '1385_CR79', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '2023', 'author': 'NM Pakkir Maideen', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Pakkir Maideen NM, Hassan Jumale A, Ramadan Barakat I, Khalifa Albasti A ' '(2023) Potential of black seeds (Nigella sativa) in the management of ' 'long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) and persistent ' 'COVID-19 symptoms—an insight. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2023:1', 'journal-title': 'Infect Disord Drug Targets'}, { 'key': '1385_CR80', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '3420', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.6868', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'PK Parida', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Parida PK, Paul D, Chakravorty D (2020) The natural way forward: ' 'Molecular dynamics simulation analysis of phytochemicals from Indian ' 'medicinal plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 targets. ' 'Phytother Res 34:3420–3433', 'journal-title': 'Phytother Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR81', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '2023', 'author': 'M Pk', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Pk M, Aa M, Panda PK (2023) Effects of active compounds of Nigella ' 'sativa in COVID-19: a narrative review. Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug ' 'Discov 2023:1', 'journal-title': 'Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov'}, { 'key': '1385_CR82', 'first-page': '699', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'RM Pop', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Pop RM, Trifa AP, Popolo A, Chedea VS, Militaru C, Bocsan IC, Buzoianu ' 'AD (2020) Nigella sativa: valuable perspective in the management of ' 'chronic diseases. Iran J Basic Med Sci 23:699–713', 'journal-title': 'Iran J Basic Med Sci'}, { 'key': '1385_CR83', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '3', 'DOI': '10.3855/jidc.12425', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'R Ralph', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Ralph R, Lew J, Zeng T, Francis M, Xue B, Roux M et al (2020) 2019-nCoV ' '(Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, ' 'travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness. J Infect Dev Ctries 14:3–17', 'journal-title': 'J Infect Dev Ctries'}, { 'key': '1385_CR84', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '102433', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433', 'volume': '109', 'author': 'HA Rothan', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN (2020) The epidemiology and pathogenesis of ' 'coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun 109:102433', 'journal-title': 'J Autoimmun'}, { 'key': '1385_CR85', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '109211', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109211', 'volume': '328', 'author': 'M Russo', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Russo M, Moccia S, Spagnuolo C, Tedesco I, Russo GL (2020) Roles of ' 'flavonoids against coronavirus infection. Chem Biol Interact 328:109211', 'journal-title': 'Chem Biol Interact'}, { 'key': '1385_CR86', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1011522', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphar.2022.1011522', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'SA Said', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Said SA, Abdulbaset A, El-Kholy AA, Besckales O, Sabri NA (2022) The ' 'effect of Ni gella sativa and vitamin D3 supplementation on the clinical ' 'outcome in COVID-19 patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. ' 'Front Pharmacol 13:1011522', 'journal-title': 'Front Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR87', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '625386', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphar.2021.625386', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'B Salehi', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Salehi B, Quispe C, Imran M, Ul-Haq I, Zivkovic J, Abu-Reidah IM et al ' '(2021) Nigella plants—traditional uses, bioactive phytoconstituents, ' 'preclinical and clinical studies. Front Pharmacol 12:625386', 'journal-title': 'Front Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR88', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '100869', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.imr.2022.100869', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'M Setayesh', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Setayesh M, Karimi M, Zargaran A, Abousaidi H, Shahesmaeili A, Amiri F, ' 'Hasheminasab FS (2022) Efficacy of a Persian herbal medicine compound on ' 'coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a randomized clinical trial. Integr ' 'Med Res 11:100869', 'journal-title': 'Integr Med Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR89', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '105460', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105460', 'volume': '117', 'author': 'S Sharma', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Sharma S, Suvalka C, Bharti, Joshi M, Bahuguna A (2021) Potential ' 'inhibitors and plant based technology: an alternative approach to treat ' 'corona virus. Bioorg Chem 117:105460', 'journal-title': 'Bioorg Chem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR90', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '222', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'TP Sheahan', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Leist SR, Schafer A, Won J, Brown AJ et al (2020) ' 'Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination ' 'lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV. Nat Commun ' '11:222', 'journal-title': 'Nat Commun'}, { 'key': '1385_CR91', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '849', 'DOI': '10.1007/s11332-021-00787-y', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'H Shirvani', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Shirvani H, Rostamkhani F, Arabzadeh E, Mohammadi F, Mohammadi F (2021) ' 'Potential role of Nigella sativa supplementation with physical activity ' 'in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: a contemporary review. Sport ' 'Sci Health 17:849–854', 'journal-title': 'Sport Sci Health'}, { 'key': '1385_CR92', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijms21103426', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'J Silva', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Silva J, Figueiredo PLB, Byler KG, Setzer WN (2020) Essential oils as ' 'antiviral agents. Potential of essential oils to treat SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection: an in-silico investigation. Int J Mol Sci 21:1', 'journal-title': 'Int J Mol Sci'}, { 'key': '1385_CR93', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2515690X2110536', 'DOI': '10.1177/2515690X211053641', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'S Soleymani', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Soleymani S, Naghizadeh A, Karimi M, Zarei A, Mardi R, Kordafshari G, ' 'Esmaealzadeh N, Zargaran A (2022) COVID-19: general strategies for ' 'herbal therapies. J Evid Based Integr Med 27:2515690X211053641', 'journal-title': 'J Evid Based Integr Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR94', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2085', 'DOI': '10.1007/s10067-020-05190-5', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'M Soy', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Soy M, Keser G, Atagunduz P, Tabak F, Atagunduz I, Kayhan S (2020) ' 'Cytokine storm in COVID-19: pathogenesis and overview of ' 'anti-inflammatory agents used in treatment. Clin Rheumatol 39:2085–2094', 'journal-title': 'Clin Rheumatol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR95', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.7717/peerj.11171', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'N Srivastava', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Srivastava N, Garg P, Srivastava P, Seth PK (2021) A molecular dynamics ' 'simulation study of the ACE2 receptor with screened natural inhibitors ' 'to identify novel drug candidate against COVID-19. PeerJ 9:e11171', 'journal-title': 'PeerJ'}, { 'key': '1385_CR96', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '313', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.009', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'M Tahir Ul Qamar', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Tahir Ul Qamar M, Alqahtani SM, Alamri MA, Chen LL (2020) Structural ' 'basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from ' 'medicinal plants. J Pharm Anal 10:313–319', 'journal-title': 'J Pharm Anal'}, { 'key': '1385_CR97', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '7170736', 'DOI': '10.1155/2021/7170736', 'volume': '2021', 'author': 'TE Tallei', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Tallei TE, Fatimawali, Niode NJ, Idroes R, Zidan B, Mitra S et al (2021) ' 'A comprehensive review of the potential use of green tea polyphenols in ' 'the management of COVID-19. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med ' '2021:7170736', 'journal-title': 'Evid Based Complement Alternat Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR98', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '179', 'DOI': '10.3831/KPI.2017.20.021', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'A Tavakkoli', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Tavakkoli A, Mahdian V, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H (2017) Review on ' 'clinical trials of black seed (Nigella sativa ) and its active ' 'constituent, thymoquinone. J Pharmacopuncture 20:179–193', 'journal-title': 'J Pharmacopuncture'}, { 'key': '1385_CR99', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '15', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.arbres.2012.03.013', 'volume': '49', 'author': 'C Tayman', 'year': '2013', 'unstructured': 'Tayman C, Cekmez F, Kafa IM, Canpolat FE, Cetinkaya M, Tonbul A, Uysal ' 'S, Tunc T, Sarici SU (2013) Protective effects of Nigella sativa oil in ' 'hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Arch Bronconeumol 49:15–21', 'journal-title': 'Arch Bronconeumol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR100', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1847', 'DOI': '10.2174/1389557522666220104151225', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'S Taysi', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Taysi S, Algburi FS, Mohammed ZR, Ali OA, Taysi ME (2022) Thymoquinone: ' 'a review on its pharmacological importance, and its association with ' 'oxidative stress, COVID-19, and radiotherapy. Mini Rev Med Chem ' '22:1847–1875', 'journal-title': 'Mini Rev Med Chem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR101', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '93', 'DOI': '10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.08.002', 'volume': '105', 'author': 'MA Tortorici', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Tortorici MA, Veesler D (2019) Structural insights into coronavirus ' 'entry. Adv Virus Res 105:93–116', 'journal-title': 'Adv Virus Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR102', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '104762', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104762', 'volume': '177', 'author': 'F Touret', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Touret F, de Lamballerie X (2020) Of chloroquine and COVID-19. Antiviral ' 'Res 177:104762', 'journal-title': 'Antiviral Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR103', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '103274', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.024', 'volume': '29', 'author': 'S Ullah', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Ullah S, Munir B, Al-Sehemi AG, Muhammad S, Haq IU, Aziz A, Ahmed B, ' 'Ghaffar A (2022) Identification of phytochemical inhibitors of ' 'SARS-CoV-2 protease 3CL(pro) from selected medicinal plants as per ' 'molecular docking, bond energies and amino acid binding energies. Saudi ' 'J Biol Sci 29:103274', 'journal-title': 'Saudi J Biol Sci'}, { 'key': '1385_CR104', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '431', 'DOI': '10.1042/EBC20170052', 'volume': '61', 'author': 'RLM van Montfort', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'van Montfort RLM, Workman P (2017) Structure-based drug design: aiming ' 'for a perfect fit. Essays Biochem 61:431–437', 'journal-title': 'Essays Biochem'}, { 'key': '1385_CR105', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '278', 'DOI': '10.1111/tmi.13383', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'TP Velavan', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Velavan TP, Meyer CG (2020) The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Health ' '25:278–280', 'journal-title': 'Trop Med Int Health'}, { 'key': '1385_CR106', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '138277', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138277', 'volume': '725', 'author': 'B Vellingiri', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Vellingiri B, Jayaramayya K, Iyer M, Narayanasamy A, Govindasamy V, ' 'Giridharan B et al (2020) COVID-19: a promising cure for the global ' 'panic. Sci Total Environ 725:138277', 'journal-title': 'Sci Total Environ'}, { 'key': '1385_CR107', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1026', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.028', 'volume': '176', 'author': 'AC Walls', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Walls AC, Xiong X, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Snijder J, Quispe J et al ' '(2019) Unexpected receptor functional mimicry elucidates activation of ' 'coronavirus fusion. Cell 176:1026-1039 e15', 'journal-title': 'Cell'}, { 'key': '1385_CR108', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '587269', 'DOI': '10.3389/fcimb.2020.587269', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'MY Wang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Wang MY, Zhao R, Gao LJ, Gao XF, Wang DP, Cao JM (2020) SARS-CoV-2: ' 'structure, biology, and structure-based therapeutics development. Front ' 'Cell Infect Microbiol 10:587269', 'journal-title': 'Front Cell Infect Microbiol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR109', 'unstructured': 'WHO (2022). WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard (Online). Available: ' 'https://covid19.who.int/. Accessed 30/6/2022'}, { 'key': '1385_CR110', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '766', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.008', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'C Wu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Wu C, Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang P, Zhong W, Wang Y et al (2020) Analysis of ' 'therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by ' 'computational methods. Acta Pharm Sin B 10:766–788', 'journal-title': 'Acta Pharm Sin B'}, { 'key': '1385_CR111', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '101165', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101165', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'J Xu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Xu J, Zhang Y (2020) Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COVID-19. ' 'Complement Ther Clin Pract 39:101165', 'journal-title': 'Complement Ther Clin Pract'}, { 'key': '1385_CR112', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '420', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Z Xu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang C et al (2020) Pathological ' 'findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress ' 'syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 8:420–422', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR113', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '483', 'DOI': '10.1007/s40121-021-00400-2', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'H Xu', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Xu H, Liu B, Xiao Z, Zhou M, Ge L, Jia F et al (2021) Computational and ' 'experimental studies reveal that thymoquinone blocks the entry of ' 'coronaviruses into in vitro cells. Infect Dis Ther 10:483–494', 'journal-title': 'Infect Dis Ther'}, { 'key': '1385_CR114', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.3390/cells10040821', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'R Yadav', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Yadav R, Chaudhary JK, Jain N, Chaudhary PK, Khanra S, Dhamija P, Sharma ' 'A, Kumar A, Handu S (2021) Role of structural and non-structural ' 'proteins and therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19. Cells 10:1', 'journal-title': 'Cells'}, { 'key': '1385_CR115', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '475', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'X Yang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H et al (2020) Clinical course and ' 'outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, ' 'China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet ' 'Respir Med 8:475–481', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'key': '1385_CR116', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '383', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.7650', 'volume': '37', 'author': 'L Zeyad Bazbouz', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Zeyad Bazbouz L, Ghassan Ibrahim F, Lakshmi Chelakkot A, Matar R, Merheb ' 'M, Hodeify R, Vazhappilly CG (2023) Plant phytochemicals as potential ' 'candidates for treating post-COVID-19 lung infections. Phytother Res ' '37:383–387', 'journal-title': 'Phytother Res'}, { 'key': '1385_CR117', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '108393', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.clim.2020.108393', 'volume': '214', 'author': 'W Zhang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Wang Q, Li T, Liu Z et al (2020) The use of ' 'anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of people with severe ' 'coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the perspectives of clinical ' 'immunologists from China. Clin Immunol 214:108393', 'journal-title': 'Clin Immunol'}, { 'key': '1385_CR118', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '153308', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153308', 'volume': '85', 'author': 'Z Zhao', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Zhao Z, Li Y, Zhou L, Zhou X, Xie B, Zhang W, Sun J (2021) Prevention ' 'and treatment of COVID-19 using Traditional Chinese Medicine: a review. ' 'Phytomedicine 85:153308', 'journal-title': 'Phytomedicine'}, { 'key': '1385_CR119', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '270', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7', 'volume': '579', 'author': 'P Zhou', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W et al (2020) A ' 'pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat ' 'origin. Nature 579:270–273', 'journal-title': 'Nature'}, { 'key': '1385_CR120', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '727', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2001017', 'volume': '382', 'author': 'N Zhu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J et al (2020) A Novel ' 'Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med ' '382:727–733', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}], 'container-title': 'Inflammopharmacology', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9/fulltext.html', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-11-15T10:10:36Z', 'timestamp': 1700043036000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]]}, 'references-count': 120, 'alternative-id': ['1385'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01385-9', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0925-4692', '1568-5608'], 'subject': ['Pharmacology (medical)', 'Pharmacology', 'Immunology'], 'container-title-short': 'Inflammopharmacol', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 15]]}, 'assertion': [ { 'value': '1 May 2023', 'order': 1, 'name': 'received', 'label': 'Received', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '24 October 2023', 'order': 2, 'name': 'accepted', 'label': 'Accepted', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '15 November 2023', 'order': 3, 'name': 'first_online', 'label': 'First Online', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, {'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Declarations'}}, { 'value': 'The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the ' 'research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.', 'order': 2, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Conflict of interest'}}]}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit