Interest of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Reducing the Occurrence of COVID-19: A Case-Control Study
Frederic Blanc, Cedric Waechter, Thomas Vogel, Benoît Schorr, Catherine Demuynck, Catherine Martin-Hunyadi, Maxence Meyer, Denata Mutelica, Nadjiba Bougaa, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Lidia Calabrese, Elise Schmitt, Delphine Imperiale, Catherine Jehl, Alexandre Boussuge, Carmen Suna, François Weill, Alexia Matzinger, Candice Muller, Patrick Karcher, Georges Kaltenbach, Erik Sauleau
doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0016.v1
Background: COVID-19 is a disease of the elderly as 95% of deaths related to COVID-19 occur in people over 60 years of age. Despite the urgent need for a preventive treatment there are currently no serious leads, other than the vaccination. Objective: To find a preventive treatment of COVID-19 in elderly patients.
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'abstract': '<jats:p>Background: COVID-19 is a disease of the elderly as 95% of deaths related to COVID-19 '
'occur in people over 60 years of age. Despite the urgent need for a preventive treatment '
'there are currently no serious leads, other than the vaccination. Objective: To find a '
'preventive treatment of COVID-19 in elderly patients. Design: Retrospective case-control '
'study. Setting: Robertsau Geriatric Hospital of the University Hospitals of Strasbourg, '
'France. Patients: 179 elderly patients who had been in contact with the SARS-CoV-2, of whom '
'89 had tested RT-PCR-positive (COVID-pos) for the virus and 90 had tested RT-PCR-negative '
'(COVID-neg). Measurements: Treatments within 15 days prior to RT-PCR (including '
'antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotics, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, '
'proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), paracetamol, anticoagulant, oral antidiabetics (OADs), '
'corticosteroids, immunosuppressants), comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory values, and '
'clinical outcome were all collected using the electronic patient record. Results: COVID-pos '
'patients more frequently had a history of diabetes (P=.016) and alcoholism (P=.023), a lower '
'leukocyte count (P=.014) and a higher mortality rate&ndash; 29.2% versus 14.4% '
'&ndash; (P=.014) when compared to COVID-neg patients. Patients on PPIs were 2.3 times '
'less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.4381, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.2331, 0.8175], '
'P=.0053) to develop COVID-19 infection, compared to those not on PPIs. No other treatment '
'decreased or increased this risk. COVID-19 patients on antipsychotics (P=.0013) and OADs '
'(P=.0166) were less likely to die. Limitations: retrospective study. Conclusion: PPIs '
'treatment lowered the risk of development of COVID-19 infection, and antipsychotics and OADs '
'decreased the risk of mortality in geriatric patients. If further studies confirm this '
'finding, PPIs could be used preventatively in the elderly in this pandemic context. Moreover, '
'OADS and antipsychotics should be tested in clinical trials.</jats:p>',
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