Interest of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Reducing the Occurrence of COVID-19: A Case-Control Study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 7, 14]], 'date-time': '2022-07-14T07:32:23Z', 'timestamp': 1657783943788}, 'posted': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 2]]}, 'group-title': 'MEDICINE &amp; PHARMACOLOGY', 'reference-count': 0, 'publisher': 'MDPI AG', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 2]], 'date-time': '2020-05-02T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1588377600000}, 'content-version': 'unspecified', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'accepted': {'date-parts': [[2020, 4, 28]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:p>Background: COVID-19 is a disease of the elderly as 95% of deaths related to COVID-19 ' 'occur in people over 60 years of age. Despite the urgent need for a preventive treatment ' 'there are currently no serious leads, other than the vaccination. Objective: To find a ' 'preventive treatment of COVID-19 in elderly patients. Design: Retrospective case-control ' 'study. Setting: Robertsau Geriatric Hospital of the University Hospitals of Strasbourg, ' 'France. Patients: 179 elderly patients who had been in contact with the SARS-CoV-2, of whom ' '89 had tested RT-PCR-positive (COVID-pos) for the virus and 90 had tested RT-PCR-negative ' '(COVID-neg). Measurements: Treatments within 15 days prior to RT-PCR (including ' 'antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotics, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ' 'proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), paracetamol, anticoagulant, oral antidiabetics (OADs), ' 'corticosteroids, immunosuppressants), comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory values, and ' 'clinical outcome were all collected using the electronic patient record. Results: COVID-pos ' 'patients more frequently had a history of diabetes (P=.016) and alcoholism (P=.023), a lower ' 'leukocyte count (P=.014) and a higher mortality rate&amp;ndash; 29.2% versus 14.4% ' '&amp;ndash; (P=.014) when compared to COVID-neg patients. Patients on PPIs were 2.3 times ' 'less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.4381, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.2331, 0.8175], ' 'P=.0053) to develop COVID-19 infection, compared to those not on PPIs. No other treatment ' 'decreased or increased this risk. COVID-19 patients on antipsychotics (P=.0013) and OADs ' '(P=.0166) were less likely to die. Limitations: retrospective study. Conclusion: PPIs ' 'treatment lowered the risk of development of COVID-19 infection, and antipsychotics and OADs ' 'decreased the risk of mortality in geriatric patients. If further studies confirm this ' 'finding, PPIs could be used preventatively in the elderly in this pandemic context. Moreover, ' 'OADS and antipsychotics should be tested in clinical trials.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.20944/preprints202005.0016.v1', 'type': 'posted-content', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 4]], 'date-time': '2020-05-04T16:19:38Z', 'timestamp': 1588609178000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 5, 'title': 'Interest of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Reducing the Occurrence of COVID-19: A Case-Control Study', 'prefix': '10.20944', 'author': [ {'given': 'Frederic', 'family': 'Blanc', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Cedric', 'family': 'Waechter', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Thomas', 'family': 'Vogel', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Benoît', 'family': 'Schorr', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Catherine', 'family': 'Demuynck', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Catherine', 'family': 'Martin-Hunyadi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Maxence', 'family': 'Meyer', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Denata', 'family': 'Mutelica', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nadjiba', 'family': 'Bougaa', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Samira', 'family': 'Fafi-Kremer', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Lidia', 'family': 'Calabrese', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Elise', 'family': 'Schmitt', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Delphine', 'family': 'Imperiale', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Catherine', 'family': 'Jehl', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Alexandre', 'family': 'Boussuge', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Carmen', 'family': 'Suna', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'François', 'family': 'Weill', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Alexia', 'family': 'Matzinger', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Candice', 'family': 'Muller', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Patrick', 'family': 'Karcher', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Georges', 'family': 'Kaltenbach', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Erik', 'family': 'Sauleau', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '1968', 'container-title': [], 'original-title': [], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 4]], 'date-time': '2020-05-04T16:20:08Z', 'timestamp': 1588609208000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202005.0016/v1'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 2]]}, 'references-count': 0, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0016.v1', 'relation': {}, 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 2]]}, 'subtype': 'preprint'}