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55 exercise COVID-19 controlled studies
https://c19early.org/exmeta.html
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Fernandez 47%
0.53 [0.29-0.90]
death
16/201
62/238
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Hamer 28%
0.72 [0.61-0.87]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Hamer 34%
0.66 [0.55-0.79]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Brawner 74%
0.26 [0.11-0.58]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Tret'yakov 98%
0.02 [0.00-0.27]
severe case
0/27
53/266
Gao -105%
2.05 [1.39-3.02]
cases
case control
Ho 35%
0.65 [0.48-0.89]
hosp.
213/123,588
59/14,887
Halabchi 89%
0.11 [0.01-1.46]
death
0/249
79/4,445
Halabchi 28%
0.72 [0.51-0.98]
hosp.
30/249
878/4,445
Zhang 26%
0.74 [0.48-1.14]
death
n/a
n/a
Zhang 18%
0.82 [0.69-0.96]
cases
n/a
n/a
Li 81%
0.19 [0.05-0.74]
severe case
n/a
n/a
per SD increase Li 56%
0.44 [0.18-1.07]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
per SD increase Tavakol 69%
0.31 [0.10-1.02]
severe case
3/64
19/124
Yates 45%
0.55 [0.38-0.79]
death
72/163,912
62/30,119
Yates 47%
0.53 [0.43-0.66]
severe case
291/163,912
180/30,119
COVIDENCE UK
Holt 17%
0.83 [0.63-1.09]
cases
15,227 (all patients)
Cho 53%
0.47 [0.26-0.87]
death
case control
Cho 10%
0.90 [0.86-0.95]
cases
case control
Sallis 59%
0.41 [0.22-0.76]
death
11/3,118
170/6,984
Sallis 42%
0.58 [0.40-0.85]
ICU
32/3,118
195/6,984
Sallis 53%
0.47 [0.38-0.58]
hosp.
99/3,118
732/6,984
Christensen 63%
0.37 [0.16-0.85]
death
543 (n)
529 (n)
Christensen 23%
0.77 [0.52-1.15]
cases
55/543
77/529
Latorre-Román 76%
0.24 [0.05-1.04]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Latorre-Román 87%
0.13 [0.01-1.17]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Marcus 42%
0.58 [0.48-0.71]
symp. case
240/10,627
134/3,708
Yuan 91%
0.09 [0.01-1.65]
death
0/61
6/103
Yuan 70%
0.30 [0.09-0.92]
severe case
3/61
26/103
Brandenburg -6%
1.06 [0.23-4.79]
hosp.
102 (n)
39 (n)
Brandenburg 78%
0.22 [0.05-1.02]
hosp.
177 (n)
34 (n)
Brandenburg 64%
0.36 [0.13-0.98]
hosp.
97 (n)
34 (n)
Brandenburg 35%
0.65 [0.28-1.48]
severe case
102 (n)
39 (n)
Brandenburg 24%
0.76 [0.28-2.04]
severe case
52 (n)
34 (n)
Bielik 30%
0.70 [0.40-1.21]
mod. case
775 (n)
365 (n)
Bielik -9%
1.09 [0.69-1.73]
cases
775 (n)
365 (n)
af Geijerstam 50%
0.50 [0.31-0.81]
death
318,902 (n)
336,271 (n)
af Geijerstam 40%
0.60 [0.46-0.80]
ICU
318,902 (n)
336,271 (n)
af Geijerstam 27%
0.73 [0.64-0.83]
hosp.
318,902 (n)
336,271 (n)
Lee 74%
0.26 [0.07-0.99]
death
2/11,072
32/41,293
Lee 58%
0.42 [0.19-0.91]
severe case
39/11,072
273/41,293
Lee 16%
0.84 [0.73-0.98]
cases
291/11,072
1,293/41,293
Maltagliati 52%
0.48 [0.25-0.87]
hosp.
n/a
n/a
Baynouna AlKetbi 98%
0.01 [0.00-0.44]
death
n/a
n/a
Ahmadi 30%
0.70 [0.54-0.89]
death
160/232,613
112/95,221
Nguyen 20%
0.80 [0.72-0.88]
symp. case
904/2,836
483/1,111
Lin 47%
0.53 [0.12-2.33]
cases
n/a
n/a
de Souza 73%
0.27 [0.07-1.06]
ventilation
3/611
6/327
de Souza 34%
0.66 [0.43-0.99]
hosp.
49/611
42/327
Mohsin 19%
0.81 [0.66-0.99]
severe case
86/258
224/544
Mohsin -1%
1.01 [0.88-1.15]
severe case
290/698
224/544
Ekblom-Bak 48%
0.52 [0.30-0.92]
severe case
n/a
n/a
Lengelé 74%
0.26 [0.07-0.80]
cases
23/229
4/12
Saadeh 9%
0.91 [0.56-1.43]
symp. case
362 (n)
225 (n)
Saadeh 4%
0.96 [0.62-1.43]
symp. case
362 (n)
225 (n)
Hamrouni 29%
0.71 [0.55-0.92]
death
138/106,006
109/47,827
Huang 47%
0.53 [0.23-1.22]
severe case
7/74
16/90
Huang 8%
0.92 [0.30-2.85]
severe case
3/23
20/141
Huang 66%
0.34 [0.17-0.70]
cases
n/a
n/a
Hamdan 16%
0.84 [0.49-1.39]
hosp.
22/128
37/172
Steenkamp 42%
0.58 [0.50-0.68]
death
29,469 (n)
13,366 (n)
Steenkamp 45%
0.55 [0.47-0.64]
ventilation
29,469 (n)
13,366 (n)
Steenkamp 41%
0.59 [0.52-0.66]
ICU
29,469 (n)
13,366 (n)
Steenkamp 34%
0.66 [0.63-0.70]
hosp.
29,469 (n)
13,366 (n)
Gilley -42%
1.42 [0.60-3.35]
cases
172/1,917
5/79
Almansour 6%
0.94 [0.40-1.47]
cases
35/71
38/71
Beydoun 43%
0.57 [0.32-1.01]
cases
1,710 (n)
448 (n)
Beydoun 62%
0.38 [0.18-0.78]
cases
672 (n)
448 (n)
Salgado-Aranda 83%
0.17 [0.05-0.56]
death
4/223
41/297
Paul 38%
0.62 [0.30-1.20]
PASC
1,811 (all patients)
LONG COVID
Paul 4%
0.96 [0.53-1.63]
PASC
1,811 (all patients)
LONG COVID
Kontopoulou 66%
0.34 [0.24-0.47]
recov. time
42 (n)
24 (n)
Kontopoulou 67%
0.33 [0.24-0.46]
no recov.
42 (n)
24 (n)
Malisoux 63%
0.37 [0.14-0.98]
progression
115 (n)
108 (n)
Malisoux 52%
0.48 [0.18-1.29]
progression
116 (n)
108 (n)
Malisoux 43%
0.57 [0.20-1.58]
progression
113 (n)
108 (n)
Antunes 80%
0.20 [0.03-1.41]
ICU
1/14
9/25
Antunes 40%
0.60 [0.19-1.84]
misc.
3/14
9/25
Antunes 73%
0.27 [0.08-0.93]
misc.
2/14
13/25
Antunes 43%
0.57 [0.34-0.95]
hosp. time
14 (n)
25 (n)
Antunes 26%
0.74 [0.58-0.95]
misc.
14 (n)
25 (n)
Tsuzuki 56%
0.44 [0.36-0.52]
severe case
3,340 (n)
1,528 (n)
Reis 41%
0.59 [0.26-1.26]
hosp.
9/241
29/305
Pływaczewska-J.. 11%
0.89 [0.72-1.11]
m/s case
490 (n)
1,357 (n)
Pływaczewska-J.. 14%
0.86 [0.66-1.11]
PASC
389 (n)
1,128 (n)
Pitanga 33%
0.67 [0.45-1.01]
cases
1,469 (n)
1,552 (n)
Green 42%
0.58 [0.53-0.63]
cases
1,267/11,144
16,198/101,931
Kapusta 71%
0.29 [0.20-0.43]
severe case
181 (n)
387 (n)
Young 74%
0.26 [0.20-0.33]
death
11,279 (n)
29,099 (n)
Young 65%
0.35 [0.27-0.45]
death
11,279 (n)
83,452 (n)
Young 48%
0.52 [0.40-0.68]
death
11,279 (n)
42,490 (n)
Young 35%
0.65 [0.49-0.85]
death
11,279 (n)
27,871 (n)
Young 48%
0.52 [0.46-0.60]
hosp.
11,279 (n)
29,099 (n)
Young 42%
0.58 [0.51-0.66]
hosp.
11,279 (n)
83,452 (n)
Young 30%
0.70 [0.61-0.79]
hosp.
11,279 (n)
42,490 (n)
Young 20%
0.80 [0.70-0.91]
hosp.
11,279 (n)
27,871 (n)
Wang 11%
0.89 [0.75-1.06]
PASC
274/691
283/594
LONG COVID
Wang 49%
0.51 [0.33-0.78]
PASC
188 (n)
66 (n)
LONG COVID
Park 26%
0.74 [0.53-1.04]
death
n/a
n/a
Park 38%
0.62 [0.41-0.93]
death
n/a
n/a
Park 7%
0.93 [0.87-0.99]
cases
n/a
n/a
Park 10%
0.90 [0.84-0.96]
cases
n/a
n/a
Sanchez 54%
0.46 [0.38-0.55]
symp. case
n/a
n/a
Cardoso 73%
0.27 [0.17-0.45]
severe case
case control
Exercise COVID-19 outcomes c19 early.org/ex May 2023Favors exercise
Favors inactivity
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