The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 16]], 'date-time': '2023-06-16T04:12:57Z', 'timestamp': 1686888777651}, 'reference-count': 56, 'publisher': 'MDPI AG', 'issue': '12', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-06-15T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1686787200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:p>Background and aims: Although obesity has been confirmed as a risk factor for ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection and its severity, the role of post-bariatric surgery (BS) variables and ' 'the infection is unclear. We, therefore, aimed to study comprehensively the relationship ' 'between the extent of weight reduction after surgery and other demographic, clinical, and ' 'laboratory variables with the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A population-based ' 'cross-sectional study was performed, utilizing advanced tracking methodologies on the ' 'computerized database of a nation-wide health maintenance organization (HMO). The study ' 'population included all HMO members aged ≥18 years that had been tested at least once for ' 'SARS-CoV-2 during the study period and underwent BS at least one year before their testing. ' 'Results: Of the total 3038 individuals who underwent BS, 2697 (88.78%) were positive for ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection and 341 (11.22%) were negative. Multivariate regression analysis ' 'demonstrated that the body mass index and the amount of weight reduction after the BS were ' 'not related to the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Post-operative low socioeconomic ' 'status (SES) and vitamin D3 deficiency were associated with significant and independent ' 'increased rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI], ' '1.19–2.03, p &lt; 0.001; and OR 1.55, 95% CI, 1.18–2.02, p &lt; 0.001; respectively). ' 'Post-operative physical activity &gt; 3 times/week was associated with a significant and ' 'independent reduced rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 0.51, 95% CI, 0.35–0.73, p &lt; 0.001). ' 'Conclusion: Post-BS vitamin D3 deficiency, SES, and physical activity, but not the amount of ' 'weight reduction, were significantly associated with the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ' 'Healthcare workers should be aware of these associations after BS and intervene ' 'accordingly.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.3390/jcm12124054', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-06-15T06:03:19Z', 'timestamp': 1686808999000}, 'page': '4054', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the ' 'Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection', 'prefix': '10.3390', 'volume': '12', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Noam', 'family': 'Frish', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, ' 'Israel'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-8896', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Ariel', 'family': 'Israel', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ {'name': 'Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 64738, Israel'}, { 'name': 'Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv ' '69978, Israel'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-0679', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Shai', 'family': 'Ashkenazi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, ' 'Israel'}]}, { 'given': 'Shlomo', 'family': 'Vinker', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ {'name': 'Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 64738, Israel'}, { 'name': 'Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv ' '69978, Israel'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-7152', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Ilan', 'family': 'Green', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ {'name': 'Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 64738, Israel'}, { 'name': 'Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv ' '69978, Israel'}]}, { 'given': 'Avivit', 'family': 'Golan-Cohen', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ {'name': 'Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 64738, Israel'}, { 'name': 'Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv ' '69978, Israel'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-0236', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Eugene', 'family': 'Merzon', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, ' 'Israel'}, {'name': 'Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 64738, Israel'}]}], 'member': '1968', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 15]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref_1', 'unstructured': 'World Health Organization (2023, March 03). 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