Beneficial role of healthy eating Index-2015 score & physical activity on COVID-19 outcomes

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1186/s40795-023-00727-8", "ISSN": [ "2055-0928" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40795-023-00727-8", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Nutritional status and physical activity are essential to maintain a strong immune system. No definite pharmacological strategies for Coronavirus disease 2019 treatment are presently available, so natural enhancement of the immune system is in need. Our goal was to assess the correlation of healthy diet and physical activity on COVID-19 disease outcome.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n <jats:p>This cohort study was conducted on 68 adult patients who contracted mild (38) or moderate [30] cases of COVID-19, recruited via a convenience sampling technique from the outpatient clinic, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Hospital. Patients’ Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and degree of physical activity as measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire were evaluated and linked with several inflammatory markers.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Most of patients with mild COVID-19 patients (92.1%) were physically active, compared to only 50% of moderate COVID-19. The total Metabolic Equivalent Task-min/week was positively correlated with the lymphocyte percentage. The median total HEI score was significantly higher in the patients with mild COVID-19 than with moderate COVID. Significant positive correlations observed among the lymphocyte count and total HEI-2015. There was approximately a 64% reduction in the probability of acquiring moderate COVID-19 illness for each unit rise in The HEI.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Healthier nutrition and Physical activity correlated with reduced COVID-19 disease severity.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title>\n <jats:p>The study was registered on clinical trial.gov maintained by the US National Library of Medicine (CinicalTrials.gov identifier = NCT04447144; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/\">https://clinicaltrials.gov/</jats:ext-link>) (25/06/2020).</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>", "alternative-id": [ "727" ], "article-number": "113", "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 1, "value": "19 October 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 2, "value": "14 June 2023" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "First Online", "name": "first_online", "order": 3, "value": "2 October 2023" }, { "group": { "label": "Declarations", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 1 }, { "group": { "label": "Ethics approval and consent to participate", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 2, "value": "The study was approved by Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University (REC n-86-2020)." }, { "group": { "label": "Informed consent", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 3, "value": "Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations." }, { "group": { "label": "Consent for publication", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 4, "value": "Not applicable." }, { "group": { "label": "Competing interests", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 5, "value": "The authors declare no competing interests." } ], "author": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Hegazy", "given": "Mona A", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Fouad", "given": "Marwa M", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Abd elshafy", "given": "Samah Ahmed", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Abdelfatah", "given": "Dalia", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Lithy", "given": "Rania M", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Abdelghani", "given": "Ahmed", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Ashoush", "given": "Omar Ahmed", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "BMC Nutrition", "container-title-short": "BMC Nutr", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "link.springer.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-02T15:01:33Z", "timestamp": 1696258893000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-02T15:07:02Z", "timestamp": 1696259222000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 3 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-03T04:43:40Z", "timestamp": 1696308220559 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 12 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "tdm", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-02T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1696204800000 } }, { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ], "date-time": "2023-10-02T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1696204800000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40795-023-00727-8.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40795-023-00727-8/fulltext.html", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40795-023-00727-8.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "297", "original-title": [], "prefix": "10.1186", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 10, 2 ] ] }, "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "reference": [ { "key": "727_CR1", "unstructured": "Aleem A, Akbar Samad AB, Slenker AK. 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