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Does Higher Self-Reported Cardiorespiratory Fitness Reduce the Odds of Hospitalization From COVID-19?

Brandenburg et al., Journal of Physical Activity and Health, doi:10.1123/jpah.2020-0817

Jul 2021

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Exercise for COVID-19

9th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 68 studies.

Lower risk for mortality, ventilation, ICU admission, hospitalization, progression, recovery, and cases.

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5,100+ studies for 109 treatments. c19early.org

Retrospective 263 COVID+ patients, showing lower hospitalization with higher self-reported cardiorespiratory fitness, but no significant differences for physical activity. Participants in the study were healthier and more fit than the general population.

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risk of hospitalization, 6.0% higher, OR 1.06, p = 0.60, high activity levels 102, low activity levels 39, adjusted per study, multivariable, PA, >1h vigorous vs. no/low, RR approximated with OR.

risk of hospitalization, 78.0% lower, OR 0.22, p = 0.05, high activity levels 177, low activity levels 34, adjusted per study, multivariable, CRF, 6.2-8.7 vs. >10, RR approximated with OR.

risk of hospitalization, 64.0% lower, OR 0.36, p = 0.04, high activity levels 97, low activity levels 34, adjusted per study, multivariable, CRF, 8.7-10 vs. >10, RR approximated with OR.

risk of severe case, 35.0% lower, OR 0.65, p = 0.30, high activity levels 102, low activity levels 39, adjusted per study, multivariable, PA, >1h vigorous vs. no/low, RR approximated with OR.

risk of severe case, 24.0% lower, OR 0.76, p = 0.60, high activity levels 52, low activity levels 34, adjusted per study, multivariable, CRF, 4.4-6.2 vs. >10, RR approximated with OR.

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Brandenburg et al., 1 Jul 2021, retrospective, multiple countries, peer-reviewed, survey, 4 authors.

This Paper Exercise All

Does Higher Self-Reported Cardiorespiratory Fitness Reduce the Odds of Hospitalization From COVID-19?

Jason P Brandenburg, Iris A Lesser, Cynthia J Thomson, Luisa V Giles

Journal of Physical Activity and Health, doi:10.1123/jpah.2020-0817

Background: Regular physical activity and higher cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness enhance immune function, possibly reducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection severity. The aim was to assess the association between physical activity and self-reported CR fitness on COVID-19 infection characteristics. Methods: Participants formerly testing positive for COVID-19 completed an online questionnaire measuring COVID-19 infection characteristics and complications, self-reported CR fitness level, physical activity, and sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Self-reported CR fitness was determined as the pace to cover 4.8 km without becoming overly fatigued (with slow walking, brisk walking, jogging, and running corresponding to low, moderate, good, and excellent levels of fitness, respectively). Results: A total of 263 individuals completed the survey. Compared with the lowest level of self-reported CR fitness, the odds of hospitalization significantly decreased by 64% (odds ratio = 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.98; P = .04) in individuals reporting the ability to maintain a brisk walk. In individuals reporting the ability to maintain a jogging pace, the further reduction in hospitalization was not significant (odds ratio = 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-1.04; P = .05). For COVID-19 symptom severity and number, there were no significant associations with self-reported CR fitness or physical activity levels. Conclusions: For individuals with low self-reported CR fitness, improving CR fitness represents a strategy to reduce the risk of hospitalization from COVID-19.

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