Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Bormann et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914 (In Vitro)

Bormann et al., Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro, Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914 (In Vitro)

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In Vitro study showing curcumin neutralizes SARS-CoV2 in vitro with low subtoxic concentrations. Authors note that the clinical use of curcumin is hindered by poor bioavailability, and recommend using methods to increase bioavailability such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, or adjuvants (e.g., piperine).

9 In Vitro studies support the efficacy of curcumin [Bahun, Bormann, Goc, Goc (B), Guijarro-Real, Kandeil, Leka, Teshima, Wu].

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1. Bahun et al., Food Chemistry, doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131594, Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro main protease by plant polyphenols, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814621026005.

2. Bormann et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914, Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro, https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/10/1914.

3. Goc et al., European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, doi:10.1556/1886.2021.00022, Inhibitory effects of specific combination of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants, https://akjournals.com/view/journa..rticle-10.1556-1886.2021.00022.xml.

4. Goc (B) et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253489, Phenolic compounds disrupt spike-mediated receptor-binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virions, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/..le?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0253489.

5. Guijarro-Real et al., Foods, doi:10.3390/foods10071503, Potential In Vitro Inhibition of Selected Plant Extracts against SARS-CoV-2 Chymotripsin-Like Protease (3CLPro) Activity, https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/7/1503.

6. Kandeil et al., Pathogens, doi:10.3390/pathogens10060758, Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/6/758.

7. Leka et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7463, In vitro antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 of common herbal medicinal extracts and their bioactive compounds, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ptr.7463.

8. Teshima et al., Natural Product Research, doi:10.1080/14786419.2023.2194647, Antiviral activity of curcumin and its analogs selected by an artificial intelligence-supported activity prediction system in SARS-CoV-2-infected VeroE6 cells, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14786419.2023.2194647.

9. Wu et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2780614/v1, Potential Mechanism of Curcumin and Resveratrol against SARS-CoV-2, https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2780614/v1.

Bormann et al., 23 Sep 2021, peer-reviewed, 18 authors.

In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.

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Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Maren Bormann, Mira Alt, Leonie Schipper, Lukas Van De Sand, Vu Thuy Khanh Le-Trilling, Lydia Rink, Natalie Heinen, Rabea Julia Madel, Mona Otte, Korbinian Wuensch, Christiane Silke Heilingloh, Thorsten Mueller, Ulf Dittmer, Carina Elsner, Stephanie Pfaender, Mirko Trilling, Oliver Witzke, Adalbert Krawczyk

Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 . The availability of effective and well-tolerated antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients is still very limited. Traditional herbal medicines elicit antiviral activity against various viruses and might therefore represent a promising option for the complementary treatment of COVID-19 patients. The application of turmeric root in herbal medicine has a very long history. Its bioactive ingredient curcumin shows a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of aqueous turmeric root extract, the dissolved content of a curcumin-containing nutritional supplement capsule, and pure curcumin against SARS-CoV-2. Turmeric root extract, dissolved turmeric capsule content, and pure curcumin effectively neutralized SARS-CoV-2 at subtoxic concentrations in Vero E6 and human Calu-3 cells. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in cell culture supernatants. Our data uncover curcumin as a promising compound for complementary COVID-19 treatment. Curcumin concentrations contained in turmeric root or capsules used as nutritional supplements completely neutralized SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Our data argue in favor of appropriate and carefully monitored clinical studies that vigorously test the effectiveness of complementary treatment of COVID-19 patients with curcumin-containing products.

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