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In-silico Approach for Predicting the Inhibitory Effect of Home Remedies on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2

Thapa et al., Makara Journal of Science, doi:10.7454/mss.v27i3.1609
Sep 2023  
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Curcumin for COVID-19
15th treatment shown to reduce risk in February 2021, now with p = 0.0000000096 from 27 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,000+ studies for 104 treatments. c19early.org
In Silico analysis showing that curcumin and quercetin may be beneficial for COVID-19 by binding to the main protease (Mpro), spike protein, and ACE2 receptor. Both compounds had suitable ADME properties and minimal predicted toxicity.
48 preclinical studies support the efficacy of curcumin for COVID-19:
In Silico studies predict inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 with curcumin or metabolites via binding to the spikeA,5,10,12,18,21 (and specifically the receptor binding domainB,8,11,14), MproC,5,7,9-11,13,14,16,19,21,22,24,38, RNA-dependent RNA polymeraseD,11,20, ACE2E,12,13,15, nucleocapsidF,6,23, nsp10G,23, and helicaseH,27 proteins. In Vitro studies demonstrate inhibition of the spikeA,32 (and specifically the receptor binding domainB,41), MproC,17,32,38,40, ACE2E,41, and TMPRSS2I,41 proteins, and inhibition of spike-ACE2 interactionJ,25. In Vitro studies demonstrate efficacy in Calu-3K,39, A549L,32, 293TM,1, HEK293-hACE2N,17,30, 293T/hACE2/TMPRSS2O,31, Vero E6P,7,11,21,30,32,34,35,37,39, and SH-SY5YQ,29 cells. Curcumin is predicted to inhibit the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain and the human ACE2 receptor for the delta and omicron variants8, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by SARS-CoV-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells37, alleviates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced mitochondrial membrane damage and oxidative stress1, may limit COVID-19 induced cardiac damage by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway which mediates the profibrotic effects of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on cardiac fibroblasts42, and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a ion channel activity, which contributes to viral pathogenicity and cytotoxicity33.
Study covers curcumin and quercetin.
Thapa et al., 19 Sep 2023, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
This PaperCurcuminAll
In-silico Approach for Predicting the Inhibitory Effect of Home In-silico Approach for Predicting the Inhibitory Effect of Home Remedies on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Remedies on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
Shankar Thapa, Mahalakshmi Suresha Biradar, Janmajoy Banerjee, Dipanjan Karati
doi:10.7454/mss.v27i3.1609
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus and spreads through infected droplets inhalation. For the past 3 years, COVID-19 has become a global threat. Vaccinations are currently available and have FDA approval. During the recent pandemic, people adopted a psychological belief that home remedies (turmeric, ginger, garlic, and coriander) can prevent COVID-19. This research aimed to predict the covid-19 inhibitory activities by home remedies through an in-silico approach. The 24 bioactive constituents of four home remedies plants were
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