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49 antiandrogen COVID-19 controlled studies, 18 RCTs
44% improvement
for early treatment, RR
0.56
[0.45-0.69]
https://c19early.org/aameta.html
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Cadegiani
77%
0.23 [0.08-0.66]
recov. time
8 (n)
262 (n)
Improvement, RR [CI]
Treatment
Control
Cadegiani
83%
0.17 [0.06-0.51]
recov. time
8 (n)
262 (n)
Cadegiani
38%
0.62 [0.42-0.91]
viral time
8 (n)
262 (n)
McCoy (DB RCT)
80%
0.20 [0.01-4.13]
death
0/134
2/134
censored, see notes
McCoy (DB RCT)
97%
0.03 [0.00-0.47]
ventilation
0/134
17/134
censored, see notes
McCoy (DB RCT)
91%
0.09 [0.03-0.27]
hosp.
3/134
35/134
censored, see notes
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
62%
0.38 [0.18-0.82]
no recov.
7/44
18/43
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
44%
0.56 [0.40-0.79]
recov. time
44 (n)
43 (n)
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
40%
0.60 [0.44-0.81]
recov. time
44 (n)
43 (n)
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
63%
0.37 [0.02-8.85]
death
0/75
1/102
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
90%
0.10 [0.01-1.84]
ventilation
0/75
5/102
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
86%
0.14 [0.03-0.60]
hosp.
2/75
19/102
Kintor (DB RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.01-8.16]
death
0/365
1/365
Kintor (DB RCT)
50%
0.50 [0.15-1.65]
hosp.
4/365
8/365
Kintor (DB RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.01-8.16]
death
0/360
1/361
Kintor (DB RCT)
71%
0.29 [0.06-1.37]
hosp.
2/360
7/361
Kintor (DB RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.01-8.16]
death
0/346
1/347
Kintor (DB RCT)
92%
0.08 [0.01-0.79]
hosp.
0/346
6/347
Kintor (DB RCT)
74%
0.26 [0.13-0.51]
viral+
n/a
n/a
Hunt
39%
0.61 [0.51-0.73]
death
167/1,788
1,445/24,720
Vicenzi
93%
0.07 [0.04-0.53]
death
30 (n)
39 (n)
OT1
Vicenzi
81%
0.19 [0.07-0.53]
death/int.
30 (n)
39 (n)
OT1
Goren
81%
0.19 [0.03-1.28]
ICU
1/12
17/36
Goren
86%
0.14 [0.02-0.94]
ICU
1/12
38/65
Goren
-50%
1.50 [0.15-15.1]
death
1/12
2/36
Goren
-35%
1.35 [0.17-11.1]
death
1/12
4/65
Mareev (RCT)
11%
0.89 [0.65-1.22]
no recov.
33 (n)
33 (n)
CT2
Mareev (RCT)
39%
0.61 [0.14-0.97]
no recov.
14/24
20/21
CT2
Mareev (RCT)
8%
0.92 [0.77-1.09]
hosp. time
33 (n)
33 (n)
CT2
Mareev (RCT)
87%
0.13 [0.01-2.25]
viral+
0/17
3/13
CT2
Zarehoseinz.. (RCT)
75%
0.25 [0.03-2.14]
death
1/40
4/40
Zarehoseinz.. (RCT)
0%
1.00 [0.06-15.4]
ICU
1/40
1/40
Ghandehari (RCT)
-22%
1.22 [0.08-18.2]
death
1/18
1/22
Ghandehari (RCT)
85%
0.15 [0.01-2.82]
ventilation
0/18
3/22
Ghandehari (RCT)
76%
0.24 [0.03-1.91]
progression
1/18
5/22
Ghandehari (RCT)
39%
0.61 [0.18-2.11]
progression
3/18
6/22
Ersoy (ICU)
46%
0.54 [0.36-0.81]
death
14/30
26/30
ICU patients
Welén (RCT)
80%
0.20 [0.01-4.65]
death
0/29
1/10
Welén (RCT)
31%
0.69 [0.07-6.81]
ventilation
2/29
1/10
Welén (RCT)
-133%
2.33 [1.06-5.00]
no disch.
29 (n)
10 (n)
Welén (RCT)
-50%
1.50 [1.10-2.04]
hosp. time
29 (n)
10 (n)
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
78%
0.22 [0.16-0.30]
death
45/423
171/355
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
79%
0.21 [0.15-0.30]
death
34/423
138/355
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
45%
0.55 [0.49-0.62]
no recov.
423 (n)
355 (n)
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
55%
0.45 [0.39-0.52]
no recov.
423 (n)
355 (n)
Cadegiani (DB RCT)
33%
0.67 [0.54-0.82]
hosp. time
423 (n)
355 (n)
Davarpanah
78%
0.22 [0.08-0.55]
hosp.
6/103
23/103
CT2
Davarpanah
64%
0.36 [0.21-0.60]
recov. time
103 (n)
103 (n)
CT2
Kotfis (RCT)
17%
0.83 [0.25-2.74]
death
4/24
5/25
Kotfis (RCT)
11%
0.89 [0.35-2.28]
ICU
6/24
7/25
Kotfis (RCT)
30%
0.70 [0.24-2.01]
TFS
24 (n)
25 (n)
Abbasi (SB RCT)
55%
0.45 [0.18-1.13]
death
5/51
19/87
Abbasi (SB RCT)
34%
0.66 [0.30-1.48]
ventilation
7/51
18/87
Abbasi (SB RCT)
19%
0.81 [0.42-1.59]
ICU
10/51
21/87
Abbasi (SB RCT)
47%
0.53 [0.39-0.72]
no recov.
51 (n)
87 (n)
Gomaa (DB RCT)
91%
0.09 [0.01-1.56]
death
0/25
5/25
CT2
Gomaa (DB RCT)
91%
0.09 [0.01-1.56]
ventilation
0/25
5/25
CT2
Gomaa (DB RCT)
44%
0.56 [0.40-0.79]
recov. time
25 (n)
25 (n)
CT2
Gomaa (DB RCT)
33%
0.67 [0.52-0.85]
no recov.
25 (n)
25 (n)
CT2
Elkazzaz (RCT)
86%
0.14 [0.01-2.60]
death
0/20
3/20
Elkazzaz (RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.08-1.46]
ICU
2/20
6/20
Elkazzaz (RCT)
35%
0.65 [0.55-0.76]
recov. time
20 (n)
20 (n)
Elkazzaz (RCT)
44%
0.56 [0.48-0.65]
viral time
20 (n)
20 (n)
Hsieh
88%
0.12 [0.01-2.22]
death
0/117
4/143
CT2
Hsieh
51%
0.49 [0.10-2.47]
ventilation
2/117
5/143
CT2
Hsieh
30%
0.70 [0.21-2.33]
ICU
4/117
7/143
CT2
Hsieh
88%
0.12 [0.01-2.22]
no recov.
0/117
4/143
CT2
Hsieh
36%
0.64 [0.51-0.80]
viral load
117 (n)
143 (n)
CT2
HITCH
Nickols (DB RCT)
18%
0.82 [0.32-1.82]
death
11/62
7/34
HITCH
Nickols (DB RCT)
-19%
1.19 [0.50-2.84]
ventilation
13/62
6/34
HITCH
Nickols (DB RCT)
-17%
1.17 [0.50-2.28]
no recov.
15/62
7/34
HITCH
Nickols (DB RCT)
-20%
1.20 [0.02-92.1]
hosp. time
62 (n)
34 (n)
Gordon (DB RCT)
82%
0.18 [0.03-0.94]
death
n/a
n/a
Gordon (DB RCT)
76%
0.24 [0.03-1.63]
ventilation time
n/a
n/a
Gordon (DB RCT)
73%
0.27 [0.09-0.86]
ICU
n/a
n/a
Nicastri (DB RCT)
52%
0.48 [0.08-2.70]
oxygen
20 (n)
19 (n)
Nicastri (DB RCT)
7%
0.93 [0.18-4.76]
oxygen
22 (n)
19 (n)
Nicastri (DB RCT)
-4%
1.04 [0.20-5.26]
oxygen
20 (n)
19 (n)
Nicastri (DB RCT)
40%
0.60 [0.11-2.94]
oxygen
22 (n)
19 (n)
Nicastri (DB RCT)
69%
0.31 [0.05-1.85]
viral+
20 (n)
19 (n)
Nicastri (DB RCT)
10%
0.90 [0.18-4.55]
viral+
22 (n)
19 (n)
Wadhwa (RCT)
72%
0.28 [0.09-0.85]
progression
4/74
9/46
Wadhwa (RCT)
49%
0.51 [0.27-0.95]
no disch.
13/74
16/46
Wadhwa (RCT)
18%
0.82 [0.67-1.00]
recov. time
74 (n)
46 (n)
Barnette (DB RCT)
55%
0.45 [0.27-0.74]
death
19/94
23/51
Barnette (DB RCT)
49%
0.51 [0.33-0.76]
ventilation time
98 (n)
52 (n)
Barnette (DB RCT)
44%
0.56 [0.40-0.80]
ICU
98 (n)
52 (n)
Barnette (DB RCT)
26%
0.74 [0.57-0.97]
hosp. time
98 (n)
52 (n)
Montopoli
95%
0.05 [0.00-12.3]
death
0/5,273
18/37,161
Montopoli
75%
0.25 [0.09-0.76]
severe case
1/5,273
31/37,161
Montopoli
75%
0.25 [0.09-0.65]
cases
4/5,273
114/37,161
Holt
-129%
2.29 [1.59-3.32]
death/ICU
16/31
148/658
Koskinen
46%
0.54 [0.06-5.16]
death
1/134
3/218
Koskinen
46%
0.54 [0.06-5.16]
death/ICU
1/134
3/218
Koskinen
11%
0.89 [0.34-2.34]
cases
6/134
11/218
Patel
55%
0.45 [0.11-1.47]
death
4/22
10/36
Patel
69%
0.31 [0.05-1.81]
ventilation
22 (n)
36 (n)
Patel
77%
0.23 [0.06-0.79]
hosp.
22 (n)
36 (n)
Bennani
95%
0.05 [0.00-2063]
death
0/4
18/114
Bennani
-119%
2.19 [0.37-12.9]
ICU
1/4
13/114
Bennani
25%
0.75 [0.28-2.02]
hosp.
2/4
76/114
Bennani
8%
0.92 [0.16-5.15]
severe case
1/4
31/114
Lazzeri
-23%
1.23 [0.81-1.87]
death/ICU
Kwon
21%
0.79 [0.10-6.40]
death
1/799
7/4,412
Kwon
-18%
1.18 [0.70-1.96]
cases
18/799
79/4,412
Klein
-124%
2.24 [0.86-5.85]
death
6/304
13/1,475
Klein
7%
0.93 [0.55-1.56]
cases
17/304
85/1,475
Jeon
77%
0.23 [0.08-0.64]
cases
case control
Shaw (PSM)
6%
0.94 [0.90-0.98]
cases
47 (n)
97 (n)
Israel
38%
0.62 [0.41-0.91]
hosp.
case control
Jiménez-Alcaide
33%
0.67 [0.26-1.74]
death
3/11
17/50
Jiménez-Alcaide
-8%
1.08 [0.54-1.83]
progression
11 (n)
50 (n)
Jiménez-Alcaide
-68%
1.68 [0.90-3.16]
cases
11/156
50/1,193
Kazan
-229%
3.29 [0.61-17.7]
hosp.
4/138
2/227
Kazan
29%
0.71 [0.39-1.32]
cases
13/138
30/227
Schmidt (PSM)
20%
0.80 [0.46-1.34]
death
25/169
44/308
Schmidt (PSM)
2%
0.98 [0.61-1.56]
severe case
169 (n)
308 (n)
Duarte
11%
0.89 [0.59-1.11]
death
100/156
32/43
Welén
2%
0.98 [0.61-1.59]
death
21/358
167/4,980
Welén
11%
0.89 [0.54-1.46]
death
20/334
167/4,980
Welén
-151%
2.51 [1.52-4.16]
death
24/152
167/4,980
Welén
-28%
1.28 [0.82-1.99]
ICU
24/358
216/4,980
Welén
13%
0.87 [0.51-1.48]
ICU
16/334
216/4,980
Welén
21%
0.79 [0.34-1.86]
ICU
6/152
216/4,980
Welén
-23%
1.23 [0.96-1.56]
hosp.
126/358
1,108/4,980
Welén
-24%
1.24 [0.97-1.59]
hosp.
126/334
1,108/4,980
Welén
-40%
1.40 [0.98-1.99]
hosp.
66/152
1,108/4,980
Gedeborg
-25%
1.25 [0.95-1.65]
death
case control
Lyon
17%
0.83 [0.42-1.63]
death
15/944
19/994
Lyon
7%
0.93 [0.86-1.00]
cases
399/944
446/994
Lee (PSW)
21%
0.79 [0.62-0.97]
severe case
76/295
727/2,427
Lee (PSW)
11%
0.89 [0.82-0.95]
cases
295/3,057
2,427/36,096
MacFadden
7%
0.93 [0.88-0.98]
cases
n/a
n/a
Shah
-16%
1.16 [0.68-1.98]
death
148 (n)
317 (n)
Shah
19%
0.81 [0.25-2.66]
ventilation
148 (n)
317 (n)
Shah
-3%
1.03 [0.57-1.87]
severe case
148 (n)
317 (n)
Shah
4%
0.96 [0.52-1.77]
hosp.
148 (n)
317 (n)
Cousins (PSM)
81%
0.19 [0.06-0.65]
ventilation
731 (n)
731 (n)
Cousins (PSM)
66%
0.34 [0.17-0.68]
ICU
731 (n)
731 (n)
Davidsson
2%
0.98 [0.55-1.69]
IgG+
30/224
45/431
Cousins (PSM)
18%
0.82 [0.71-0.93]
death
390/12,504
479/12,504
Cousins (PSM)
12%
0.88 [0.79-0.99]
death
521/16,324
592/16,324
Cousins (PSM)
15%
0.85 [0.77-0.94]
death
671/20,690
783/20,690
Cousins (PSM)
17%
0.83 [0.77-0.91]
ventilation
936/12,504
1,118/12,504
Cousins (PSM)
17%
0.83 [0.77-0.89]
ventilation
1,212/16,324
1,459/16,324
Cousins (PSM)
10%
0.90 [0.84-0.95]
ventilation
1,524/20,690
1,701/20,690
Antiandrogen COVID-19 outcomes
c19 early .org
October 2023
1 OT: comparison with other treatment 2 CT: study uses combined treatment
Favors antiandrogen
Favors control
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
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