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Global Dietary and Herbal Supplement Use during COVID-19—A Scoping Review

Arora et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu15030771
Feb 2023  
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Vitamin D for COVID-19
8th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020
 
*, now known with p < 0.00000000001 from 120 studies, recognized in 7 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
3,900+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19early.org
Review of 14 global studies showing that the most frequently used dietary supplements during COVID-19 were vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and multivitamins. The most common reason was for improved immune system functioning or reduced COVID-19 risk. Authors note that participants who have attained higher education levels were more likely to use supplements during COVID-19.
Currently there are 120 vitamin D treatment for COVID-19 studies, showing 36% lower mortality [28‑43%], 16% lower ventilation [-7‑34%], 46% lower ICU admission [28‑60%], 19% lower hospitalization [9‑29%], and 17% fewer cases [9‑24%].
Currently there are 44 zinc treatment for COVID-19 studies, showing 29% lower mortality [10‑44%], 44% lower ventilation [4‑68%], 26% lower ICU admission [-7‑49%], 20% lower hospitalization [4‑34%], and 22% fewer cases [-10‑45%].
Currently there are 68 vitamin C for COVID-19 studies, showing 19% lower mortality [9‑28%], 10% lower ventilation [-12‑28%], 15% lower ICU admission [2‑26%], 19% lower hospitalization [6‑30%], and 4% more cases [-13‑25%].
Review covers vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc.
Arora et al., 2 Feb 2023, peer-reviewed, 3 authors. Contact: rahel.mathews@msstate.edu (corresponding author).
This PaperVitamin DAll
Global Dietary and Herbal Supplement Use during COVID-19—A Scoping Review
Ishaan Arora, Shecoya White, Rahel Mathews
Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu15030771
During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lack of cure and the intensity of the global spread raised a common awareness of health. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize dietary supplement use globally during first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search was conducted in December 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, ERIC, and Scopus databases were searched, and 956 results were screened for eligibility. Fourteen cross-sectional studies from 11 countries and 3 continents were examined. All studies were large population surveys investigating healthy eating and supplement use during COVID-19. Vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc and multivitamins were the most widely reported, as well as natural/herbal products such as ginger and honey. The most common reason cited for supplements use was to strengthen immune system and to prevent infection of COVID-19. These studies reported that populations are relying on healthcare providers, family, friends, and social media to learn about supplement use. Future studies on the treatment of COVID-19 should include more evidence for supplement use.
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