Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

EFSA, EFSA Journal, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4096, May 2015

Vitamin D for COVID-19

8th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020, now with p < 0.0000000001 from 138 studies, recognized in 18 countries.

No treatment is 100% effective.
Protocols combine treatments.

European Food Safety Administration review concluding that there is a causal relationship between the intake of vitamin D and immune system function.
Reviews covering vitamin D for COVID-19 include1-44.
EFSA et al., 31 May 2015, peer-reviewed, 20 authors.
Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006
Carlo Agostoni, Roberto Berni Canani, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Marina Heinonen, Hannu Korhonen, La Sébastien, Rosangela Vieille, Ambroise Marchelli, Androniki Martin, Monika Naska, Grażyna Neuhäuser-Berthold, Yolanda Nowicka, Alfonso Sanz, Anders Siani, Martin Sjödin, Sean Stern, J J ) Strain, Inge Tetens, Daniel Tomé, Dominique Turck, Jean-Louis Bresson, Ambroise Martin, Hildegard Przyrembel, Yolanda Sanz
EFSA Journal, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4096
Following an application from VAB-nutrition, submitted for authorisation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of France, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system. The Panel considers that vitamin D is sufficiently characterised. Contribution to the normal function of the immune system is a beneficial physiological effect for children. The Panel had previously assessed a claim on vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system with a favourable outcome. The target population was the general population. The Panel considered that vitamin D plays a regulatory role in the functioning of the immune system. The Panel considers that the role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system applies to all ages, including children. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system. The following wording reflects the scientific evidence: "Vitamin D contributes to the normal function of the immune system". The target population is children from 3 to 18 years of age.
DOI record: { "DOI": "10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4096", "ISSN": "18314732, 18314732", "URL": "https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4096", "abstract": "Abstract Following an application from VAB‐nutrition, submitted for authorisation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of France, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system. The Panel considers that vitamin D is sufficiently characterised. Contribution to the normal function of the immune system is a beneficial physiological effect for children. The Panel had previously assessed a claim on vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system with a favourable outcome. The target population was the general population. The Panel considered that vitamin D plays a regulatory role in the functioning of the immune system. The Panel considers that the role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system applies to all ages, including children. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system. The following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Vitamin D contributes to the normal function of the immune system”. The target population is children from 3 to 18 years of age.", "author": [ { "literal": "EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)" } ], "container-title": "EFSA Journal", "container-title-short": "EFS2", "issue": "5", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2015, 5 ] ] }, "journalAbbreviation": "EFS2", "keyword": "Opinion; Opinions; vitamin D; immune system; children; health claims", "language": "eng", "medium": "JB", "publisher-place": "IT", "title": "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin D and contribution to the normal function of the immune system pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006", "type": "article-journal", "volume": "13" }