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53 zinc COVID-19 controlled studies, 8 RCTs
https://c19early.org/zmeta.html
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Derwand 79%
0.21 [0.03-1.47]
death
1/141
13/377
CT2
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Derwand 82%
0.18 [0.07-0.54]
hosp.
4/141
58/377
CT2
Thomas (RCT) -44%
1.44 [0.36-5.71]
hosp.
5/58
3/50
Thomas (RCT) 12%
0.88 [0.67-1.16]
recov. time
58 (n)
50 (n)
Aldwihi 24%
0.76 [0.51-1.08]
hosp.
53/199
184/539
Asimi 97%
0.03 [0.00-0.44]
ventilation
0/270
9/86
CT2
Asimi 99%
0.01 [0.00-0.16]
hosp.
0/270
24/86
CT2
Asimi 100%
0.00 [0.00-0.08]
severe case
0/270
51/86
CT2
Mayberry 53%
0.47 [0.33-0.65]
death
938 (n)
1,090 (n)
Mayberry 64%
0.36 [0.27-0.47]
ventilation
938 (n)
1,090 (n)
Mayberry 60%
0.40 [0.31-0.52]
ICU
938 (n)
1,090 (n)
Mayberry 58%
0.42 [0.33-0.54]
death/v/ICU
938 (n)
1,090 (n)
Mayberry 85%
0.15 [0.10-0.22]
progression
938 (n)
1,090 (n)
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 30%
0.70 [0.36-1.31]
death
15/231
22/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 38%
0.62 [0.37-0.99]
death/ICU
24/231
40/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 54%
0.46 [0.23-0.88]
ICU
12/231
27/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 42%
0.58 [0.39-0.87]
oxygen
31/231
55/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 23%
0.77 [0.65-0.91]
oxygen
108/231
145/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 29%
0.71 [0.57-0.88]
no recov.
82/231
120/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 14%
0.86 [0.80-0.93]
no recov.
180/231
216/239
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 69%
0.31 [0.03-2.61]
hosp.
1/85
4/100
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 33%
0.67 [0.59-0.75]
hosp. time
146 (n)
134 (n)
VIZIR
Abdallah (DB RCT) 25%
0.75 [0.65-0.87]
recov. time
85 (n)
100 (n)
Carlucci 38%
0.62 [0.46-0.84]
death/HPC
54/411
119/521
Carlucci 18%
0.82 [0.54-1.25]
ventilation
29/411
62/521
Carlucci 23%
0.77 [0.53-1.10]
ICU
38/411
82/521
Krishnan 18%
0.82 [0.62-1.09]
death
31/58
61/94
Yao 34%
0.66 [0.41-1.07]
death
73/196
21/46
Frontera (PSM) 37%
0.63 [0.44-0.91]
death
121/1,006
424/2,467
CT2
Frontera (PSM) 24%
0.76 [0.60-0.96]
death
121/1,006
424/2,467
CT2
Abd-Elsalam (RCT) 1%
0.99 [0.30-3.31]
death
5/96
5/95
data issues, see notes Abd-Elsalam (RCT) 34%
0.66 [0.19-2.26]
ventilation
4/96
6/95
data issues, see notes Abd-Elsalam (RCT) 6%
0.94 [0.55-1.62]
no recov.
20/96
21/95
data issues, see notes Abd-Elsalam (RCT) 4%
0.96 [0.86-1.08]
hosp. time
96 (n)
95 (n)
data issues, see notes Rosenthal -16%
1.16 [1.05-1.28]
death
n/a
n/a
Darban (RCT) 33%
0.67 [0.14-3.17]
progression
2/10
3/10
ICU patients CT2
Darban (RCT) 6%
0.94 [0.84-1.06]
ICU
10 (n)
10 (n)
ICU patients CT2
Patel (DB RCT) 20%
0.80 [0.15-4.18]
death
2/15
3/18
Mulhem 46%
0.54 [0.43-0.68]
death
256/1,596
260/1,623
Gadhiya -41%
1.41 [0.69-2.57]
death
21/54
34/229
Al Sulaiman (ICU) 36%
0.64 [0.37-1.10]
death
23/82
32/82
ICU patients
Al Sulaiman (ICU) 48%
0.52 [0.29-0.92]
death
19/82
31/82
ICU patients
Al Sulaiman (ICU) -25%
1.25 [0.84-1.87]
ICU
82 (n)
82 (n)
ICU patients
Al Sulaiman (ICU) -6%
1.06 [0.85-1.33]
hosp. time
82 (n)
82 (n)
ICU patients
Elavarasi 65%
0.35 [0.24-0.56]
death
486 (n)
1,201 (n)
Assiri (ICU) -81%
1.81 [0.41-6.97]
death
10/60
4/58
ICU patients
Kaplan (RCT) -14%
1.14 [0.08-16.6]
ventilation
1/14
1/16
CT2
Kaplan (RCT) -14%
1.14 [0.08-16.6]
ICU
1/14
1/16
CT2
Kaplan (RCT) -14%
1.14 [0.08-16.6]
hosp.
1/14
1/16
CT2
Zangeneh (ICU) -21%
1.21 [0.51-2.90]
death
n/a
n/a
ICU patients
Alahmari 30%
0.70 [0.63-0.78]
hosp. time
130 (n)
847 (n)
Doocy 41%
0.59 [0.19-1.85]
death
3/28
21/116
Ibrahim Alhajjaji 88%
0.12 [0.01-2.24]
death
0/44
4/57
Ibrahim Alhajjaji 26%
0.74 [0.23-2.37]
ventilation
4/44
7/57
Ibrahim Alhajjaji 3%
0.97 [0.45-2.10]
ICU
9/44
12/57
Ibrahim Alhajjaji 73%
0.27 [0.10-0.74]
progression
4/44
19/57
Ibrahim Alhajjaji 29%
0.71 [0.54-0.94]
hosp. time
44 (n)
57 (n)
Kyagambiddwa 25%
0.75 [0.44-1.25]
death
20/89
22/73
Louca 1%
0.99 [0.93-1.06]
cases
population-based cohort
Mahto 37%
0.63 [0.22-1.49]
IgG+
10/38
83/651
COVIDENCE UK
Holt 7%
0.93 [0.59-1.44]
cases
21/750
425/14,477
Abdulateef 13%
0.87 [0.38-1.97]
hosp.
7/111
23/317
Seet (CLUS. RCT) 50%
0.50 [0.34-0.75]
symp. case
33/634
64/619
OT1
Seet (CLUS. RCT) 27%
0.73 [0.55-0.97]
cases
300/634
433/619
OT1
Israel 100%
0.00 [0.00-0.89]
hosp.
case control
CT2
Bagheri 60%
0.40 [0.04-3.53]
severe case
33 (n)
477 (n)
Bagheri 41%
0.59 [0.14-1.61]
hosp.
4/33
167/477
Gordon 68%
0.32 [0.01-7.87]
death
0/104
1/96
Gordon 85%
0.15 [0.02-0.58]
symp. case
2/104
9/96
Kumar 20%
0.80 [0.21-2.99]
death
6/75
3/30
Nimer -25%
1.25 [0.87-1.77]
hosp.
41/326
178/1,822
Nimer -13%
1.13 [0.81-1.56]
severe case
46/326
214/1,822
Shehab 47%
0.53 [0.19-1.47]
severe case
4/65
22/188
Citu 18%
0.82 [0.12-5.68]
severe case
2/74
2/61
CT2
Stambouli (DB RCT) 68%
0.32 [0.03-2.95]
symp. case
1/59
3/56
Stambouli (DB RCT) 5%
0.95 [0.29-3.10]
cases
5/59
5/56
Stambouli (DB RCT) 21%
0.79 [0.73-0.84]
viral load
59 (n)
56 (n)
Adrean -12%
1.12 [0.74-1.70]
cases
30/2,111
80/6,315
Sharif 40%
0.60 [0.46-0.77]
severe case
n/a
n/a
Sharif 97%
0.03 [0.01-0.22]
severe case
n/a
n/a
Asoudeh 57%
0.43 [0.21-0.90]
severe case
250 (all patients)
Zinc COVID-19 outcomes c19 early.org/z May 20231 OT: comparison with other treatment 2 CT: study uses combined treatment Favors zinc
Favors control
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