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Effect of zinc supplementation on symptom reduction and length of hospital stay among pediatric patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Ibrahim Alhajjaji et al., Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.011

Mar 2023

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Zinc for COVID-19

2nd treatment shown to reduce risk in July 2020

^*, now known with p = 0.0000013 from 44 studies, recognized in 11 countries.

Lower risk for mortality, ventilation, hospitalization, progression, recovery, and viral clearance.

No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. ^* >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.

4,000+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19early.org

Retrospective 101 hospitalized pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia, showing zinc treatment associated with lower respiratory failure and shorter hospitalization in unadjusted results. Patients receiving zinc were older. Authors note elevated serum creatinine and the possibility of kidney injury.

This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: excessive unadjusted differences between groups.

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risk of death, 87.6% lower, RR 0.12, p = 0.13, treatment 0 of 44 (0.0%), control 4 of 57 (7.0%), NNT 14, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).

risk of mechanical ventilation, 26.0% lower, RR 0.74, p = 0.75, treatment 4 of 44 (9.1%), control 7 of 57 (12.3%), NNT 31.

risk of ICU admission, 2.8% lower, RR 0.97, p = 1.00, treatment 9 of 44 (20.5%), control 12 of 57 (21.1%), NNT 167.

respiratory failure, 72.7% lower, RR 0.27, p = 0.004, treatment 4 of 44 (9.1%), control 19 of 57 (33.3%), NNT 4.1.

hospitalization time, 28.6% lower, relative time 0.71, p = 0.02, treatment 44, control 57.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates

Ibrahim Alhajjaji et al., 4 Mar 2023, retrospective, Saudi Arabia, peer-reviewed, 8 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 31 December, 2021. Contact: ghufran.alhajjaji@gmail.com, nealotaibi@uqu.edu.sa, ph.nada.abutaleb@gmail.com, mmiteb@psmmc.med.sa, ph.alhajjaji@gmail.com, assalotaibi@uqu.edu.sa, bmalshehail@iau.edu.sa, me.alotaibi@psmmc.med.sa.

This Paper Zinc All

Effect of zinc supplementation on symptom reduction and length of hospital stay among pediatric patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Ghufran Ibrahim Alhajjaji, Nouf Alotaibi, Nada Abutaleb, Mishal M Alotaibi, Abdulrahman Alhajjaji, Abdulmalik S Alotaibi, Bashayer Alshehail, Moawad E Alotaibi

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.011

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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