Top
Main
 
All Outcomes
 
RCT vs. Obs.
 
Feedback
Home
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchProbioticsProbiotics (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta
Home Adoption Other Treatments
@CovidAnalysis
Loading...
Analgesics⏵
Antiandrogens⏵
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle⏵
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals⏵
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals⏵
Naso/orophar..⏵
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins⏵
More⏵

Supplementary Data — Probiotics for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 28 studies

@CovidAnalysis, November 2024, Version 30V30
Post
Share
PDF
Studies
Feedback
https://c19early.org/kmeta.html
 
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Haran (RCT) 67% 0.33 [0.01-8.16] death 0/174 1/176 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Haran (RCT) 60% 0.40 [0.08-2.06] hosp. 2/174 5/176 Haran (RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.21-1.20] hosp./ER/UC 7/169 15/181 Haran (RCT) 20% 0.80 [0.61-1.04] recov. time 169 (n) 172 (n) Gutiérre.. (DB RCT) 35% 0.65 [0.53-0.80] no recov. 69/147 105/146 Veterini 29% 0.71 [0.41-1.22] viral time 15 (n) 15 (n) Navarro-Ló.. (RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.43-1.05] no recov. 14/24 13/15 Navarro-Ló.. (RCT) 53% 0.47 [0.20-1.08] no recov. 6/24 8/15 Navarro-Ló.. (RCT) 20% 0.80 [0.65-0.98] recovery 24 (n) 15 (n) Navarro-Ló.. (RCT) 26% 0.74 [0.54-1.01] recovery 24 (n) 15 (n) Hassan (RCT) 80% 0.20 [0.02-1.65] hosp. 1/50 5/50 Hassan (RCT) 18% 0.82 [0.56-1.21] no recov. 23/50 28/50 Kolesnyk (DB RCT) 60% 0.40 [0.18-0.90] no recov. 6/34 16/36 Kolesnyk (DB RCT) 21% 0.79 [0.63-0.98] recov. time 34 (n) 36 (n) Kolesnyk (DB RCT) 68% 0.32 [0.13-0.78] PASC 5/34 16/35 d'Ettorre 87% 0.13 [0.01-2.33] death 0/28 4/42 d'Ettorre 77% 0.23 [0.01-4.63] ventilation 0/28 2/42 d'Ettorre 88% 0.12 [0.02-0.61] progression 28 (n) 42 (n) Ceccarelli 64% 0.36 [0.18-0.68] death 10/88 34/112 Ceccarelli 15% 0.85 [0.48-1.50] ICU 16/88 24/112 Shah (RCT) 11% 0.89 [0.75-1.06] recov. time 30 (n) 30 (n) CT​1​ Shah (RCT) 11% 0.89 [0.76-1.05] hosp. time 30 (n) 30 (n) CT​1​ Shah (RCT) 83% 0.17 [0.04-0.68] no recov. 2/30 12/30 CT​1​ Shah (RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.80-1.16] no recov. 26/30 27/30 CT​1​ Li -12% 1.12 [0.74-1.69] no disch. 30/123 41/188 Li -60% 1.60 [1.21-2.11] no disch. 123 (n) 188 (n) Li -35% 1.35 [1.13-1.62] viral time 123 (n) 188 (n) Zhang 14% 0.86 [0.77-0.96] hosp. time 150 (n) 150 (n) Zhang 14% 0.86 [0.75-0.98] recov. time 150 (n) 150 (n) Zhang 17% 0.83 [0.75-0.93] viral time 150 (n) 150 (n) Ceccarelli 70% 0.30 [0.01-7.02] death 0/40 1/29 Ceccarelli 82% 0.18 [0.02-1.54] ICU 1/40 4/29 Ivashkin (RCT) -2% 1.02 [0.26-3.97] death 4/99 4/101 Ivashkin (RCT) 18% 0.82 [0.23-2.95] ventilation 4/99 5/101 Ivashkin (RCT) 27% 0.73 [0.24-2.22] ICU 5/99 7/101 Ivashkin (RCT) 5% 0.95 [0.84-1.08] recov. time 99 (n) 101 (n) Zhang 65% 0.35 [0.02-8.30] ventilation 0/25 1/30 Zhang 67% 0.33 [0.10-1.05] antibody 3/25 11/30 Saviano (RCT) 67% 0.33 [0.01-7.95] death 0/40 1/40 Saviano (RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.68] ICU 0/40 3/40 Saviano (RCT) 26% 0.74 [0.30-1.83] hosp. time 40 (n) 40 (n) Trinchieri 78% 0.22 [0.03-1.93] death 1/21 3/14 Trinchieri 78% 0.22 [0.09-0.55] misc. 4/21 12/14 Trinchieri 10% 0.90 [0.76-1.08] misc. 19/21 14/14 Di Pierro (RCT) 62% 0.38 [0.11-1.25] death 3/25 8/25 Di Pierro (RCT) 0% 1.00 [0.45-2.24] ICU 8/25 8/25 Giancola (DB RCT) 15% 0.85 [0.06-12.9] death 1/27 1/23 Giancola (DB RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.30-1.48] no recov. 22 (n) 20 (n) Giancola (DB RCT) -21% 1.21 [0.31-4.77] no recov. 4/22 3/20 Giancola (DB RCT) 70% 0.30 [0.07-1.33] no recov. 2/22 6/20 Giancola (DB RCT) 74% 0.26 [0.06-1.11] no recov. 2/22 7/20 Giancola (DB RCT) -14% 1.14 [0.56-2.30] no recov. 10/22 8/20 Louca 8% 0.92 [0.85-0.99] cases population-based cohort Di Pierro (RCT) 98% 0.02 [0.00-0.33] cases 0/64 24/64 COVIDENCE UK Holt 30% 0.70 [0.45-1.10] cases 20/909 426/14,318 Ahanchian (DB RCT) 73% 0.27 [0.03-2.25] symp. case 1/29 4/31 Ahanchian (DB RCT) 85% 0.15 [0.01-2.73] cases 0/29 3/31 Fernánde.. (DB RCT) -2% 1.02 [0.06-16.1] death 1/98 1/100 Fernánde.. (DB RCT) -38% 1.38 [0.48-3.97] recov. time 10 (n) 7 (n) Fernánde.. (DB RCT) -28% 1.28 [0.35-4.61] severe case 5/98 4/100 Fernánde.. (DB RCT) -2% 1.02 [0.37-2.80] symp. case 7/98 7/100 Fernánde.. (DB RCT) -35% 1.35 [0.53-3.44] cases 11/98 8/100 PROTECT-EHC Wischme.. (DB RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.38-1.17] m/s case 16/91 24/91 PROTECT-EHC Wischme.. (DB RCT) 38% 0.62 [0.41-0.93] symp. case 24/91 39/91 PROTECT-EHC Wischme.. (DB RCT) 27% 0.73 [0.37-1.45] recov. time 91 (n) 91 (n) PROTECT-EHC Wischme.. (DB RCT) 43% 0.57 [0.25-1.30] cases 8/91 14/91 Rodrigue.. (DB RCT) 9% 0.91 [0.12-6.70] cases 2/127 2/128 Catinean 40% 0.60 [0.41-0.88] recovery 60 (n) 60 (n) Catinean 38% 0.62 [0.42-0.93] fever 60 (n) 60 (n) Di Pierro 78% 0.22 [0.07-0.67] cases 186 (n) 101 (n) Sarlin (DB RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.11-3.98] cases 2/413 3/414 Probiotics COVID-19 outcomes c19early.org November 2024 ​1​ CT: study uses combined treatment Favors probiotics Favors control
Figure S1. All outcomes.
Loading..
Figure S2. Comparison of results for RCTs versus observational studies. For COVID-19 treatments, there is no significant difference between the results of RCTs and observational studies. Observational studies do not systematically over or underestimate efficacy. For high-cost treatments, there is a non-significant trend towards RCTs showing greater efficacy.
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit    
Post
Share
@CovidAnalysis
FAQ
Public domain CC0 1.0