Loading...
23 probiotics COVID-19 controlled studies, 12 RCTs
34% improvement
for early treatment, RR
0.66
[0.55-0.78]
https://c19early.org/kmeta.html
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Haran (RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.01-8.16]
death
0/174
1/176
Improvement, RR [CI]
Treatment
Control
Haran (RCT)
60%
0.40 [0.08-2.06]
hosp.
2/174
5/176
Haran (RCT)
50%
0.50 [0.21-1.20]
hosp./ER/UC
7/169
15/181
Haran (RCT)
20%
0.80 [0.61-1.04]
recov. time
169 (n)
172 (n)
Gutiérre.. (DB RCT)
35%
0.65 [0.53-0.80]
no recov.
69/147
105/146
Veterini
29%
0.71 [0.41-1.22]
viral time
15 (n)
15 (n)
Navarro-Ló.. (RCT)
33%
0.67 [0.43-1.05]
no recov.
14/24
13/15
Navarro-Ló.. (RCT)
53%
0.47 [0.20-1.08]
no recov.
6/24
8/15
Navarro-Ló.. (RCT)
20%
0.80 [0.65-0.98]
recovery
24 (n)
15 (n)
Navarro-Ló.. (RCT)
26%
0.74 [0.54-1.01]
recovery
24 (n)
15 (n)
Hassan (RCT)
80%
0.20 [0.02-1.65]
hosp.
1/50
5/50
Hassan (RCT)
18%
0.82 [0.56-1.21]
no recov.
23/50
28/50
d'Ettorre
87%
0.13 [0.01-2.33]
death
0/28
4/42
d'Ettorre
77%
0.23 [0.01-4.63]
ventilation
0/28
2/42
d'Ettorre
88%
0.12 [0.02-0.61]
progression
28 (n)
42 (n)
Ceccarelli
64%
0.36 [0.18-0.68]
death
10/88
34/112
Ceccarelli
15%
0.85 [0.48-1.50]
ICU
16/88
24/112
Shah (RCT)
11%
0.89 [0.75-1.06]
recov. time
30 (n)
30 (n)
CT1
Shah (RCT)
11%
0.89 [0.76-1.05]
hosp. time
30 (n)
30 (n)
CT1
Shah (RCT)
83%
0.17 [0.04-0.68]
no recov.
2/30
12/30
CT1
Shah (RCT)
4%
0.96 [0.80-1.16]
no recov.
26/30
27/30
CT1
Li
-12%
1.12 [0.74-1.69]
no disch.
30/123
41/188
Li
-60%
1.60 [1.21-2.11]
no disch.
123 (n)
188 (n)
Li
-35%
1.35 [1.13-1.62]
viral time
123 (n)
188 (n)
Zhang
14%
0.86 [0.77-0.96]
hosp. time
150 (n)
150 (n)
Zhang
14%
0.86 [0.75-0.98]
recov. time
150 (n)
150 (n)
Zhang
17%
0.83 [0.75-0.93]
viral time
150 (n)
150 (n)
Ceccarelli
70%
0.30 [0.01-7.02]
death
0/40
1/29
Ceccarelli
82%
0.18 [0.02-1.54]
ICU
1/40
4/29
Ivashkin (RCT)
-2%
1.02 [0.26-3.97]
death
4/99
4/101
Ivashkin (RCT)
18%
0.82 [0.23-2.95]
ventilation
4/99
5/101
Ivashkin (RCT)
27%
0.73 [0.24-2.22]
ICU
5/99
7/101
Ivashkin (RCT)
5%
0.95 [0.84-1.08]
recov. time
99 (n)
101 (n)
Zhang
65%
0.35 [0.02-8.30]
ventilation
0/25
1/30
Zhang
67%
0.33 [0.10-1.05]
antibody
3/25
11/30
Saviano (RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.01-7.95]
death
0/40
1/40
Saviano (RCT)
86%
0.14 [0.01-2.68]
ICU
0/40
3/40
Saviano (RCT)
26%
0.74 [0.30-1.83]
hosp. time
40 (n)
40 (n)
Trinchieri
78%
0.22 [0.03-1.93]
death
1/21
3/14
Trinchieri
78%
0.22 [0.09-0.55]
misc.
4/21
12/14
Trinchieri
10%
0.90 [0.76-1.08]
misc.
19/21
14/14
Di Pierro (RCT)
62%
0.38 [0.11-1.25]
death
3/25
8/25
Di Pierro (RCT)
0%
1.00 [0.45-2.24]
ICU
8/25
8/25
Louca
8%
0.92 [0.85-0.99]
cases
population-based cohort
Di Pierro (RCT)
98%
0.02 [0.00-0.33]
cases
0/64
24/64
COVIDENCE UK
Holt
30%
0.70 [0.45-1.10]
cases
20/909
426/14,318
Ahanchian (DB RCT)
73%
0.27 [0.03-2.25]
symp. case
1/29
4/31
Ahanchian (DB RCT)
85%
0.15 [0.01-2.73]
cases
0/29
3/31
PROTECT-EHC
Wischme.. (DB RCT)
33%
0.67 [0.38-1.17]
m/s case
16/91
24/91
PROTECT-EHC
Wischme.. (DB RCT)
38%
0.62 [0.41-0.93]
symp. case
24/91
39/91
PROTECT-EHC
Wischme.. (DB RCT)
27%
0.73 [0.37-1.45]
recov. time
91 (n)
91 (n)
PROTECT-EHC
Wischme.. (DB RCT)
43%
0.57 [0.25-1.30]
cases
8/91
14/91
Rodrigue.. (DB RCT)
9%
0.91 [0.12-6.70]
cases
2/127
2/128
Catinean
40%
0.60 [0.41-0.88]
recovery
60 (n)
60 (n)
Catinean
38%
0.62 [0.42-0.93]
fever
60 (n)
60 (n)
Probiotics COVID-19 outcomes
c19 early .org
October 2023
1 CT: study uses combined treatment
Favors probiotics
Favors control
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
Submit