Effects of Loigolactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT 5711 on the Immune Response of Elderly Subjects to COVID-19 Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro, Francisco J Formigo-Couceiro, Roi Veiga-Gutierrez, Jose A Maldonado-Lobón, Ana M Hermida-Cao, Carlos Rodriguez, Oscar Bañuelos, Mónica Olivares, Ruth Blanco-Rojo
Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14010228
Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, with a high risk of developing severe disease and a reduced immune response to the COVID-19 vaccine. A randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind trial to assess the effect of the consumption of the probiotic Loigolactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT 5711 on the immune response generated by the COVID-19 vaccine in an elderly population was performed. Two hundred nursing home residents >60 yrs that had not COVID-19 were randomized to receive L. coryniformis K8 or a placebo daily for 3 months. All volunteers received a complete vaccination schedule of a mRNA vaccine, starting the intervention ten days after the first dose. Specific IgG and IgA antibody levels were analyzed 56 days after the end of the immunization process. No differences between the groups were observed in the antibody levels. During the intervention, 19 subjects had COVID-19 (11 receiving K8 vs. 8 receiving placebo, p = 0.457). Subgroup analysis in these patients showed that levels of IgG were significantly higher in those receiving K8 compared to placebo (p = 0.038). Among subjects >85 yrs that did not get COVID-19, administration of K8 tended to increase the IgA levels (p = 0.082). The administration of K8 may enhance the specific immune response against COVID-19 and may improve the COVID-19 vaccine-specific responses in elderly populations.
postvaccine immune response in the oldest subjects who were not infected with the virus. These results add evidence to previous clinical data [21, 22] corroborating the capability of the probiotic strain L. coryniformis K8 to enhance the immune response. Probiotic administration may be a natural and safe strategy to improve the efficacy of vaccines, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly. Future studies should be performed to determine the role of probiotics in the prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 infection.
Supplementary Materials: The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/article/10 .3390/nu14010228/s1, Figure S1 : Flow chart of study procedures, Table S1 : Baseline medication of the subjects participating in the study, Table S2 : Summary of statistics for COVID-19 S1 RBD IgG and IgA antibodies' response, Table S3 . Summary of statistics for cytokines levels.
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