Abstract: Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. Archives of Medical Research 52 (2021) 582–594 REVIEW ARTICLE Probiotics in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: Current Perspective and Future Prospects Shilia Jacob Kurian,a,b Mazhuvancherry Kesavan Unnikrishnan,c Sonal Sekhar Miraj,a,b Debasis Bagchi,d Mithu Banerjee,e B. Shrikar Reddy,a Gabriel Sunil Rodrigues,f Mohan K. Manu,b,g Kavitha Saravu,b,h Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay,i and Mahadev Raoa a Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India c National College of Pharmacy, Mukkam, Kozhikode, Kerala, India d College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, USA e Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India f Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India g Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India h Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India i Department of Microbiology and Center for Emerging and Tropical Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India b Manipal Received for publication September 2, 2020; accepted March 12, 2021 (ARCMED_2020_1615). Saving lives and flattening the curve are the foremost priorities during the ongoing pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2. Developing cutting-edge technology and collating available evidence would support frontline health teams. Nutritional adequacy improves general health and immunity to prevent and assuage infections. This review aims to outline the potential role of probiotics in fighting the COVID-19 by covering recent evidence on the association between microbiota, probiotics, and COVID-19, the role of probiotics as an immune-modulator and antiviral agent. The high basic reproduction number (R0) of SARS-CoV-2, absence of conclusive remedies, and the pleiotropic effect of probiotics in fighting influenza and other coronaviruses together favour probiotics supplements. However, further support from preclinical and clinical studies and reviews outlining the role of probiotics in COVID-19 are critical. Results are awaited from many ongoing clinical trials investigating the benefits of probiotics in COVID-19. © 2021 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Key Words: Coronavirus,..