The potential application of probiotics and prebiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 30]], 'date-time': '2024-03-30T11:08:38Z', 'timestamp': 1711796918331}, 'reference-count': 104, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 10, 5]], 'date-time': '2020-10-05T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1601856000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 10, 5]], 'date-time': '2020-10-05T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1601856000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/501100006013', 'name': 'United Arab Emirates University', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the novel ' 'coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This new viral ' 'infection was first identified in China in December 2019, and it has subsequently spread ' 'globally. The lack of a vaccine or curative treatment for COVID-19 necessitates a focus on ' 'other strategies to prevent and treat the infection. Probiotics consist of single or mixed ' 'cultures of live microorganisms that can beneficially affect the host by maintaining the ' 'intestinal or lung microbiota that play a major role in human health. At present, good ' 'scientific evidence exists to support the ability of probiotics to boost human immunity, ' 'thereby preventing colonization by pathogens and reducing the incidence and severity of ' 'infections. Herein, we present clinical studies of the use of probiotic supplementation to ' 'prevent or treat respiratory tract infections. These data lead to promising benefits of ' 'probiotics in reducing the risk of COVID-19. Further studies should be conducted to assess ' 'the ability of probiotics to combat COVID-19.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41538-020-00078-9', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10, 5]], 'date-time': '2020-10-05T10:05:05Z', 'timestamp': 1601892305000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 133, 'title': 'The potential application of probiotics and prebiotics for the prevention and treatment of ' 'COVID-19', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '4', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-5440', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Amin N.', 'family': 'Olaimat', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Iman', 'family': 'Aolymat', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Murad', 'family': 'Al-Holy', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-500X', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Mutamed', 'family': 'Ayyash', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-6168', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Mahmoud', 'family': 'Abu Ghoush', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Anas A.', 'family': 'Al-Nabulsi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Tareq', 'family': 'Osaili', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Vasso', 'family': 'Apostolopoulos', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Shao-Quan', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nagendra P.', 'family': 'Shah', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10, 5]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '78_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1289', 'DOI': '10.1007/s10096-014-2086-y', 'volume': '33', 'author': 'L Lehtoranta', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Lehtoranta, L., Pitkäranta, A. & Korpela, R. 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