Therapeutic Implications of Quercetin and its Derived-products in COVID-19 Protection and Prophylactic
Wan-Yi Ho, Zi-Han Shen, Yijing Chen, Ting-Hsu Chen, Xiaolin Lu, Yaw-Syan Fu
Heliyon, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30080
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, which has triggered a global pandemic of the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 . Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases continue to challenge human health worldwide. The virus conquers human cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor-driven pathway by mostly targeting the human respiratory tract. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid widely represented in the plant kingdom. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that quercetin and its derivatives have various pharmacological properties including anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, antihyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-microbial, antiviral, neuroprotective, and cardio-protective effects, because it is a potential treatment for severe inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, it is the main life-threatening condition in patients with COVID-19. This article provides a comprehensive review of the primary literature on the predictable effectiveness of quercetin and its derivatives docked to multi-target of SARS-CoV-2 and host cells via in silico and some of validation through in vitro, in vivo, and clinically to fight SARS-CoV-2 infections, contribute to the reduction of inflammation, which suggests the preventive and therapeutic latency of quercetin and its derived-products against COVID-19 pandemic, multisystem inflammatory syndromes (MIS), and long-COVID.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Conceptualization, Y.S; original draft preparation, Z., and TH.; review and editing, Y.S.; funding acquisition, X., All authors have read and approved the manuscript. J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 6M17 Ser349, Leu441, Asp442, Asn448, Asn450, Arg509 [167] 6VXX Gln314, Ser316, Thr768, Asn317, Asn764, Arg765 [77] Asp88, Asp198, Ile233, Ile235 [168] 6VW1 Thr445, Ile446 [113] 6VYB Ser730, Met731, Lys733, Leu861, Ala1056, Pro1057, His1058, Gly1059, Val860, Pro863, Asp867, Met730, Ile870, [76] 6VSB Thr549, Asp745, Asn978, Arg1000 [75] S-protein (Closed) 6VXX Tyr741 S-protein (Open) 6YVB Tr549, Asn978, Gly744, Arg1000, Thr573, Met740, Tyr741 nsp16 6YZ1 Gly73, Leu100, Asp130, Glu71, Ala72, Ser74, Asp75, Ser98, Asp99, Leu100, Asp114, Cys115, Met131, Tyr132, Asp133, Phe149 [81] 6WJT, 6WKQ Tyr47, Gly71, Asp114, Phe149, Asp130 [82] RdRp (nsp12) 6M71 Glu350, Asn628, Val315, Arg349, Pro461, Pro677 [120] 6NUS Glu350, Pro323, Asn628, Val675 [75] 7BTF, 6M71, 6NUR Tyr619, Cys622, Asp623, Asp761, Ser841 [168] 6W9Q Leu45, Thr109 S-protein/ ACE2 6M0J Ala348, Gly352, Asp382, Phe390, Arg393, Asn394, His401 [120] Rutin Host ACE2 1R4L Asn149, Met270, His345, Lys363, Thr445, Tyr127, Leu144, Glu145, Glu150, Met152, Ala153, Asp269, Trp271, Phe274, Thr276, Cys344, Pro346, Met360, Cys361, Asp367, Asp368, Thr371, Leu503, Phe504 [97] J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Thr25, Thr24, Gly143, His164, Asn142, Thr26, Cys145, Arg188,..
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