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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 43% Improvement Relative Risk Severe case 34% Hospitalization 36% Case 11% c19early.org/ex Ezzatvar et al. Exercise for COVID-19 META ANALYSIS Favors exercise Favors inactivity
Physical activity and risk of infection, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and non-linear dose–response meta-analysis of data from 1 853 610 adults
Ezzatvar et al., British Journal of Sports Medicine, doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-105733 (meta analysis)
Ezzatvar et al., Physical activity and risk of infection, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and.., British Journal of Sports Medicine, doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-105733 (meta analysis)
Aug 2022   Source   PDF  
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 studies, showing lower risk of cases, hospitalization, severe cases, and mortality with regular physical activity. A non-linear dose-response relationship was seen with benefits reducing above 500 MET-min/week.
Currently there are 53 exercise studies and meta analysis shows:
OutcomeImprovement
Mortality50% lower [39‑60%]
Ventilation46% lower [32‑57%]
ICU admission41% lower [35‑47%]
Hospitalization36% lower [28‑43%]
Cases19% fewer [7‑29%]
risk of death, 43.0% lower, RR 0.57, p < 0.001.
risk of severe case, 34.0% lower, RR 0.66, p < 0.001.
risk of hospitalization, 36.0% lower, RR 0.64, p < 0.001.
risk of case, 11.0% lower, RR 0.89, p < 0.001.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Ezzatvar et al., 22 Aug 2022, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
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Abstract: Review Yasmin Ezzatvar ‍ ‍,1 Robinson Ramírez-­Vélez ‍ ‍,2,3 Mikel Izquierdo ‍ ‍,2,3 Antonio Garcia-­Hermoso ‍ ‍2 ► Additional supplemental material is published online only. To view, please visit the journal online (http://d​ x.​doi.​ org/1​ 0.​1136/b​ jsports-​2022-​ 105733). 1 Departamento de Enfermería, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain 2 Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain 3 CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Correspondence to Antonio Garcia-­Hermoso, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona 31006, Spain; a​ ntonio.​garciah@u​ navarra.​es Accepted 22 June 2022 Watch Video ​bjsm.​bmj.​com © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-­use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. To cite: Ezzatvar Y, Ramírez-­ Vélez R, Izquierdo M, et al. Br J Sports Med Epub ahead of print: [please include Day Month Year]. doi:10.1136/ bjsports-2022-105733 ABSTRACT Objective To quantify the association between physical activity and risk of SARS-­CoV-­2 infection, COVID-­19-­ associated hospitalisation, severe illness and death due to COVID-­19 in adults. Design A systematic review and meta-­analysis. Data sources Three databases were systematically searched through March 2022. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Peer-­ reviewed articles reporting the association between regular physical activity and at least one COVID-­19 outcome in adults were included. Risk estimates (ORs, relative risk (RR) ratios or HRs) were extracted and pooled using a random-­effects inverse-­variance model. Results Sixteen studies were included (n=1 853 610). Overall, those who engaged in regular physical activity had a lower risk of infection (RR=0.89; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.95; I2=0%), hospitalisation (RR=0.64; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.76; I2=48.01%), severe COVID-­19 illness (RR=0.66; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.77; I2=50.93%) and COVID-­19-­related death (RR=0.57; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.71; I2=26.63%) as compared with their inactive peers. The results indicated a non-­linear dose–response relationship between physical activity presented in metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-­min per week and severe COVID-­19 illness and death (p for non-­linearity <0.001) with a flattening of the dose–response curve at around 500 MET-­min per week. Conclusions Regular physical activity seems to be related to a lower likelihood of adverse COVID-­19 outcomes. Our findings highlight the protective effects of engaging in sufficient physical activity as a public health strategy, with potential benefits to reduce the risk of severe COVID-­19. Given the heterogeneity and risk of publication bias, further studies with standardised methodology and outcome reporting are now needed. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022313629.
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