Melatonin: a ferroptosis inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy for the post-COVID-19 trajectory of accelerated brain aging and neurodegeneration

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]], 'date-time': '2024-04-19T14:40:50Z', 'timestamp': 1713537650210}, 'reference-count': 436, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]], 'date-time': '2024-04-19T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1713484800000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]], 'date-time': '2024-04-19T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1713484800000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 swept ' 'millions of lives in a short period, yet its menace continues among its survivors in the form ' 'of post-COVID syndrome. An exponentially growing number of COVID-19 survivors suffer from ' 'cognitive impairment, with compelling evidence of a trajectory of accelerated aging and ' 'neurodegeneration. The novel and enigmatic nature of this yet-to-unfold pathology demands ' 'extensive research seeking answers for both the molecular underpinnings and potential ' 'therapeutic targets. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is a strongly proposed ' 'underlying mechanism in post-COVID-19 aging and neurodegeneration discourse. COVID-19 incites ' 'neuroinflammation, iron dysregulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, ' 'antioxidant system repression, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disruption, and clock gene ' 'alteration. These events pave the way for ferroptosis, which shows its signature in COVID-19, ' 'premature aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. In the search for a treatment, melatonin ' 'shines as a promising ferroptosis inhibitor with its repeatedly reported safety and ' 'tolerability. According to various studies, melatonin has proven efficacy in attenuating the ' 'severity of certain COVID-19 manifestations, validating its reputation as an anti-viral ' 'compound. Melatonin has well-documented anti-aging properties and combating ' 'neurodegenerative-related pathologies. Melatonin can block the leading events of ferroptosis ' 'since it is an efficient anti-inflammatory, iron chelator, antioxidant, angiotensin II ' 'antagonist, and clock gene regulator. Therefore, we propose ferroptosis as the culprit behind ' 'the post-COVID-19 trajectory of aging and neurodegeneration and melatonin, a well-fitting ' 'ferroptosis inhibitor, as a potential treatment.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13024-024-00728-6', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]], 'date-time': '2024-04-19T13:02:03Z', 'timestamp': 1713531723000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Melatonin: a ferroptosis inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy for the post-COVID-19 ' 'trajectory of accelerated brain aging and neurodegeneration', 'prefix': '10.1186', 'volume': '19', 'author': [ {'given': 'Asmaa', 'family': 'Yehia', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-0862', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Osama A.', 'family': 'Abulseoud', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '728_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.21203/rs.3.rs-1313103/v1', 'volume-title': 'Modeling COVID-19 Effects on Sustainable Development Goals in Egypt ' 'Using System Dynamics', 'author': 'M Marzouk', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Marzouk M, et al. 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