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Melatonin and viral infections: A review focusing on therapeutic effects and SARS-CoV-2

Chacin-Bonilla et al., Melatonin Research, doi:10.32794/mr112500168
Apr 2024  
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Melatonin for COVID-19
11th treatment shown to reduce risk in December 2020, now with p = 0.0000002 from 18 studies.
Lower risk for mortality, ventilation, and recovery.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,300+ studies for 116 treatments. c19early.org
Review of the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on viral infections, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Authors highlight melatonin's potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, which suggest its potential to treat the cytokine storm and hyper-inflammation associated with severe COVID-19. Melatonin has been shown to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, and potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by interfering with virus-cell coupling and intracellular processes. Clinical trials have documented melatonin's efficacy as a prophylactic or therapeutic for COVID-19, reducing symptom severity and mortality. The review also discusses melatonin's potential to address gut dysbiosis, which may play a role in COVID-19 severity through modulation of the immune response and systemic inflammation.
Reviews covering melatonin for COVID-19 include1-23.
Chacin-Bonilla et al., 19 Apr 2024, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
This PaperMelatoninAll
DOI record: { "DOI": "10.32794/mr112500168", "ISSN": [ "2641-0281" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.32794/mr112500168", "abstract": "<jats:p>      Viral infections can cause serious diseases which lead to significant morbidity and mortality of patients. In most cases, effective therapeutic approaches are lacking. Melatonin (MEL), a multifunctional molecule produced in the pineal gland and many other organs, is known as a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, a positive regulator of immune functions and a suppressor of apoptosis, with therapeutic effects in diverse diseases. These actions suggest the potential of MEL to treat viral infections. A variety of studies have shown that MEL supplementation is effective against a number of viral infections. Many of these reports have strongly suggested its use as an adjuvant or therapeutic agent. Notably, the efficacy of this molecule as a prophylactic or therapeutic weapon against COVID-19 has been demonstrated both in experimental conditions and in clinical trials, and it can reduce the severity and mortality of the patients. This review summarizes actions of MEL on viral infections and focuses on its therapeutic effects against COVID-19 and generally highlights MEL as an attractive therapy in other viral infections. </jats:p>", "author": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Chacin-Bonilla", "given": "Leonor", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Bonilla", "given": "Ernesto", "sequence": "first" } ], "container-title": "Melatonin Research", "container-title-short": "Melatonin Res.", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 25 ] ], "date-time": "2024-04-25T16:29:24Z", "timestamp": 1714062564000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 25 ] ], "date-time": "2024-04-25T16:29:29Z", "timestamp": 1714062569000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 26 ] ], "date-time": "2024-04-26T00:27:36Z", "timestamp": 1714091256969 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 19 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 25 ] ] } }, "license": [ { "URL": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "unspecified", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 19 ] ], "date-time": "2024-04-19T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1713484800000 } } ], "member": "18079", "original-title": [], "page": "47-83", "prefix": "10.32794", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 19 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 19 ] ] }, "publisher": "ST Bio-life", "reference-count": 0, "references-count": 0, "relation": {}, "resource": { "primary": { "URL": "https://www.melatonin-research.net/index.php/MR/article/view/256" } }, "score": 1, "short-title": [], "source": "Crossref", "subject": [], "subtitle": [], "title": "Melatonin and viral infections: A review focusing on therapeutic effects and SARS-CoV-2", "type": "journal-article", "volume": "7" }
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