Review of the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on viral infections, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Authors highlight melatonin's potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, which suggest its potential to treat the cytokine storm and hyper-inflammation associated with severe COVID-19. Melatonin has been shown to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, and potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by interfering with virus-cell coupling and intracellular processes. Clinical trials have documented melatonin's efficacy as a prophylactic or therapeutic for COVID-19, reducing symptom severity and mortality. The review also discusses melatonin's potential to address gut dysbiosis, which may play a role in COVID-19 severity through modulation of the immune response and systemic inflammation.
Reviews covering melatonin for COVID-19 include1-20.
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 26]], 'date-time': '2024-04-26T00:27:36Z', 'timestamp': 1714091256969},
'reference-count': 0,
'publisher': 'ST Bio-life',
'issue': '1',
'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]],
'date-time': '2024-04-19T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1713484800000},
'content-version': 'unspecified',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}],
'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False},
'abstract': '<jats:p>\xa0\xa0\xa0 \xa0\xa0Viral infections can cause serious diseases which lead to '
'significant morbidity and mortality of patients. In most cases, effective therapeutic '
'approaches are lacking. Melatonin (MEL), a multifunctional molecule produced in the pineal '
'gland and many other organs, is known as a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, a '
'positive regulator of immune functions and a suppressor of apoptosis, with therapeutic '
'effects in diverse diseases. These actions suggest the potential of MEL to treat viral '
'infections. A variety of studies have shown that MEL supplementation is effective against a '
'number of viral infections. Many of these reports have strongly suggested its use as an '
'adjuvant or therapeutic agent. Notably, the efficacy of this molecule as a prophylactic or '
'therapeutic weapon against COVID-19 has been demonstrated both in experimental conditions and '
'in clinical trials, and it can reduce the severity and mortality of the patients. This review '
'summarizes actions of MEL on viral infections and focuses on its therapeutic effects against '
'COVID-19 and generally highlights MEL as an attractive therapy in other viral infections.\xa0'
'</jats:p>',
'DOI': '10.32794/mr112500168',
'type': 'journal-article',
'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 25]], 'date-time': '2024-04-25T16:29:24Z', 'timestamp': 1714062564000},
'page': '47-83',
'source': 'Crossref',
'is-referenced-by-count': 0,
'title': 'Melatonin and viral infections: A review focusing on therapeutic effects and SARS-CoV-2',
'prefix': '10.32794',
'volume': '7',
'author': [ {'given': 'Leonor', 'family': 'Chacin-Bonilla', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'Ernesto', 'family': 'Bonilla', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}],
'member': '18079',
'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]]},
'container-title': 'Melatonin Research',
'original-title': [],
'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 25]],
'date-time': '2024-04-25T16:29:29Z',
'timestamp': 1714062569000},
'score': 1,
'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.melatonin-research.net/index.php/MR/article/view/256'}},
'subtitle': [],
'short-title': [],
'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]]},
'references-count': 0,
'journal-issue': {'issue': '1', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 25]]}},
'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.32794/mr112500168',
'relation': {},
'ISSN': ['2641-0281'],
'subject': [],
'container-title-short': 'Melatonin Res.',
'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 4, 19]]}}
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments.
c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from
thousands of papers. Community updates
help ensure high accuracy.
Treatments and other interventions are complementary.
All practical, effective, and safe
means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis.
No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current
and future variants.
We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication,
consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details
of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH
provide treatment protocols.