Chia Siang Kow, Shahzad Syed, Hasan
Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; OR, odds ratio. a The adjusted estimate was extracted in the analysis among patients with confirmed COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction assay.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.
Chia Siang Kow 1 Syed Shahzad Hasan
References
Bramante, Ingraham, Murray, Observational study of metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalized with Covid-19
Cariou, Hadjadj, Wargny, Phenotypic characteristics and prognosis of inpatients with COVID-19 and diabetes: the COR-ONADO study, Diabetologia
Chen, Yang, Cheng, Clinical Characteristics and outcomes of patients with diabetes and COVID-19 in association with glucose-lowering medication, Diabetes Care
Crouse, Grimes, Li, Might, Ovalle et al., Metformin use is associated with reduced mortality in a diverse population with COVID-19 and diabetes
Davis, Xie, Viollet, Zou, Activation of the AMP-activated kinase by antidiabetes drug metformin stimulates nitric oxide synthesis in vivo by promoting the association of heat shock protein 90 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, Diabetes
Diabetes, Association. 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020, Diabetes Care43
El-Arabey, Abdalla, Metformin and COVID-19: a novel deal of an old drug
Esam, A proposed mechanism for the possible therapeutic potential of metformin in COVID-19, Diabetes Res Clin Pract
Hassan, Didari, Khan, Niaz, Mojtahedzadeh et al., A review on the protective effects of metformin in sepsis-induced organ failure, Cell J
Hattori, Suzuki, Hattori, Kasai, Metformin inhibits cytokineinduced nuclear factor kappaB activation via AMP-activated protein kinase activation in vascular endothelial cells, Hypertension
Koh, Kim, Kim, Ko, Kim, Anti-inflammatory mechanism of metformin and its effects in intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colon cancer, J Gastroenterol Hepatol
Li, Huang, Zou, Epidemiology of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes
Liang, Ding, Li, Association of preadmission metformin use and mortality in patients with sepsis and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies, Crit Care
Luo, Qiu, Liu, Metformin treatment was associated with decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes in a retrospective analysis, Am J Trop Med Hyg
Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, Altman, Group, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement, PLoS Med
Sharma, Ray, Sadasivam, Metformin in COVID-19: a possible role beyond diabetes, Diabetes Res Clin Pract
Singh, Singh, Is metformin ahead in the race as a repurposed host-directed therapy for patients with diabetes and COVID-19?, Diabetes Res Clin Pract
Ursini, Ciaffi, Landini, Meliconi, COVID-19 and diabetes: is metformin a friend or foe?, Diabetes Res Clin Pract
Wells, Shea, Connell, The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in metaanalyses
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 3, 28]], 'date-time': '2022-03-28T16:06:43Z', 'timestamp': 1648483603661},
'reference-count': 19,
'publisher': 'Wiley',
'issue': '2',
'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 30]],
'date-time': '2020-09-30T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1601424000000},
'content-version': 'vor',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor'},
{ 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 30]],
'date-time': '2020-09-30T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1601424000000},
'content-version': 'tdm',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1'}],
'content-domain': {'domain': ['onlinelibrary.wiley.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True},
'short-container-title': ['J Med Virol'],
'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2021, 2]]},
'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.26498',
'type': 'journal-article',
'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 11]], 'date-time': '2020-09-11T07:46:43Z', 'timestamp': 1599810403000},
'page': '695-697',
'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy',
'source': 'Crossref',
'is-referenced-by-count': 44,
'title': [ 'Mortality risk with preadmission metformin use in patients with COVID‐19 and diabetes: A '
'meta‐analysis'],
'prefix': '10.1002',
'volume': '93',
'author': [ { 'given': 'Chia Siang',
'family': 'Kow',
'sequence': 'first',
'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'School of Postgraduate Studies International Medical University '
'Kuala Lumpur Malaysia'}]},
{ 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-2215',
'authenticated-orcid': False,
'given': 'Syed Shahzad',
'family': 'Hasan',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Pharmacy University of Huddersfield Huddersfield '
'UK'},
{ 'name': 'School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy University of '
'Newcastle Callaghan Australia'}]}],
'member': '311',
'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 30]]},
'reference': [ { 'key': 'e_1_2_2_2_1',
'article-title': 'Epidemiology of COVID‐19: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of '
'clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes [published online '
'ahead of print August 13, 2020]',
'author': 'Li J',
'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_3_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.2337/dc20-S009'},
{ 'issue': '4',
'key': 'e_1_2_2_4_1',
'first-page': '363',
'article-title': 'A review on the protective effects of metformin in sepsis‐induced organ '
'failure',
'volume': '21',
'author': 'Ismail Hassan F',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Cell J'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_5_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108282'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_6_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108183'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_7_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108167'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_8_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108268'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_9_1',
'article-title': 'Metformin and COVID‐19: a novel deal of an old drug [published online '
'ahead of print April 29, 2020]',
'author': 'El‐Arabey AA',
'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'},
{ 'issue': '4',
'key': 'e_1_2_2_10_1',
'first-page': '264',
'article-title': 'Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses: the '
'PRISMA statement',
'volume': '151',
'author': 'Moher D',
'year': '2009',
'journal-title': 'PLoS Med'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_11_1',
'unstructured': "WellsG SheaB O'ConnellD et al. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) for "
'assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta‐analyses. '
'2013.http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp. '
'accessed Aug 8 2020'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_12_1',
'article-title': 'Metformin use is associated with reduced mortality in a diverse '
'population with COVID‐19 and diabetes',
'author': 'Crouse A',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'medRxiv'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_13_1',
'article-title': 'Observational study of metformin and risk of mortality in patients '
'hospitalized with Covid‐19',
'author': 'Bramante CT',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'medRxiv'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_14_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.4269/ajtmh.20-0375'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_15_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.2337/dc20-0660'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_16_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00125-020-05180-x'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_17_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-019-2346-4'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_18_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.2337/diabetes.55.02.06.db05-1064'},
{ 'key': 'e_1_2_2_19_1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher',
'DOI': '10.1161/01.HYP.0000221429.94591.72'},
{'key': 'e_1_2_2_20_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1111/jgh.12435'}],
'container-title': ['Journal of Medical Virology'],
'original-title': [],
'language': 'en',
'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjmv.26498',
'content-type': 'application/pdf',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmv.26498',
'content-type': 'application/pdf',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jmv.26498',
'content-type': 'application/xml',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmv.26498',
'content-type': 'unspecified',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}],
'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 5, 12]],
'date-time': '2021-05-12T15:52:02Z',
'timestamp': 1620834722000},
'score': 1,
'subtitle': [],
'short-title': [],
'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 30]]},
'references-count': 19,
'journal-issue': {'issue': '2', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2021, 2]]}},
'alternative-id': ['10.1002/jmv.26498'],
'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26498',
'archive': ['Portico'],
'relation': {},
'ISSN': ['0146-6615', '1096-9071'],
'issn-type': [{'value': '0146-6615', 'type': 'print'}, {'value': '1096-9071', 'type': 'electronic'}],
'subject': ['Infectious Diseases', 'Virology'],
'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 30]]},
'assertion': [ { 'value': '2020-08-13',
'order': 0,
'name': 'received',
'label': 'Received',
'group': {'name': 'publication_history', 'label': 'Publication History'}},
{ 'value': '2020-09-07',
'order': 1,
'name': 'accepted',
'label': 'Accepted',
'group': {'name': 'publication_history', 'label': 'Publication History'}},
{ 'value': '2020-09-30',
'order': 2,
'name': 'published',
'label': 'Published',
'group': {'name': 'publication_history', 'label': 'Publication History'}}]}