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c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchBamlanivimab/etesevimabBamlaniv../e.. (more..)
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Efficacy and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody JS016 in Hospitalized Chinese Patients with COVID-19: a Phase 2/3, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Trial

Dong et al., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, doi:10.1128/aac.02045-21, NCT04931238, Mar 2022
https://c19early.org/dong4.html
Mortality -199% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Ventilation -398% Recovery, 6-point scale -223% Viral clearance 26% Bamlanivimab/e..  Dong et al.  LATE TREATMENT RCT Is late treatment with bamlanivimab/etesevimab beneficial? RCT 197 patients in China (January - February 2021) Higher ventilation (p=0.5) and worse recovery (p=0.33), not sig. c19early.org Dong et al., Antimicrobial Agents and .., Mar 2022 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
25th treatment shown to reduce risk in May 2021, now with p = 0.00049 from 22 studies, recognized in 11 countries. Efficacy is variant dependent.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,200+ studies for 190+ treatments. c19early.org
RCT 197 hospitalized patients showing no significant differences with etesivimab monoclonal antibody treatment for moderate to severe COVID-19.
Efficacy is highly variant dependent. In Vitro research suggests a lack of efficacy for omicron1-5.
Standard of Care (SOC) for COVID-19 in the study country, China, is average with moderate efficacy for approved treatments6.
risk of death, 199.0% higher, RR 2.99, p = 1.00, treatment 1 of 99 (1.0%), control 0 of 98 (0.0%), continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
risk of mechanical ventilation, 398.0% higher, RR 4.98, p = 0.50, treatment 2 of 99 (2.0%), control 0 of 98 (0.0%), continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
risk of no recovery, 222.6% higher, OR 3.23, p = 0.33, treatment 99, control 98, inverted to make OR<1 favor treatment, 6-point scale, RR approximated with OR.
risk of no viral clearance, 25.9% lower, HR 0.74, p = 0.43, treatment 99, control 98, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Dong et al., 15 Mar 2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, China, peer-reviewed, median age 59.0, 14 authors, study period 18 January, 2021 - 2 February, 2021, trial NCT04931238 (history). Contact: wengli@gmail.com.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org November 2025 China United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR China favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was moderate.Low-cost treatments improve early treatment, andprovide complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org November 2025 China United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Malawi Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Syria China favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy was moderate.Low-cost protocols improve early treatment,and add complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Efficacy and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody JS016 in Hospitalized Chinese Patients with COVID-19: a Phase 2/3, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Trial
Run Dong, Li Jiang, Ting Yang, Changsong Wang, Yi Zhang, Xu Chen, Jianfeng Xie, Yuanbin Guo, Li Weng, Yan Kang, Kaijiang Yu, Haibo Qiu, Bin Du
Recombinant human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) monoclonal antibody JS016 showed neutralizing and therapeutic effects in preclinical studies. The clinical efficacy and safety of the therapy needed to be evaluated. In this phase 2/3, multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial, hospitalized patients with moderate or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive standard care or standard care plus a single intravenous infusion of JS016. The primary outcome was a six-level ordinal scale of clinical status on day 28 since randomization. Secondary outcomes include adverse events, 28-day mortality, ventilator-free days within 28 days, length of hospital stay, and negative conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid on day 14. A total of 199 patients were randomized, and 197 (99 in the JS016 group and 98 in the control group) were analyzed. Most patients, 95 (96%) in the JS016 group and 97 (99%) in the control group were in the best category on day 28 since randomization. The odds ratio of being in a better clinical status was 0.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03 to 3.19; P = 0.33). Few adverse events occurred in both groups (3% in the JS016 group and 1% in the control group, respectively; P = 0.34). SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody JS016 did not show clinical efficacy among hospitalized Chinese patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of the neutralizing antibody to prevent disease deterioration and its benefits among groups of patients specified by disease course and severity. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT04931238.)
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SARS-CoV-2 variants resist antibody neutralization and broaden host ACE2 usage. 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Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 200,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. IMA and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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