October 2026
Ursodeoxycholic acid COVID-19 outcomes
StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk
Yu39%0.61 · 0.38–0.99no recov.65 (n)50 (n)
Brevini (PSM)94%0.06 · 0.00–0.92death0/3114/155
Brevini (PSM)67%0.33 · 0.05–2.43ventilation1/3115/155
Brevini (PSM)75%0.25 · 0.03–1.79ICU1/3120/155
Brevini (PSM)40%0.60 · 0.37–0.99hosp.11/3191/155
John (PSM)42%0.58 · 0.22–1.54death1,607 (n)1,607 (n)
John (PSM)54%0.46 · 0.23–0.93severe case1,607 (n)1,607 (n)
John (PSM)55%0.45 · 0.27–0.75m/s case1,607 (n)1,607 (n)
John (PSM)50%0.50 · 0.36–0.69symp. case1,607 (n)1,607 (n)
John (PSM)48%0.52 · 0.39–0.70cases1,607 (n)1,607 (n)
Li40%0.60 · 0.15–2.48hosp.3/2255/225
Li29%0.71 · 0.65–0.79hosp. time225 (n)225 (n)
Li80%0.20 · 0.02–1.70severe case1/2255/225
Li80%0.20 · 0.10–0.38m/s case10/22550/225
Li (PSM)11%0.89 · 0.77–0.97cases192/225212/225
Yu38%0.62 · 0.38–1.01no recov.62 (n)45 (n)
Liu−2%1.02 · 0.83–1.25cases95/14651/80
Liu−4%1.04 · 0.90–1.20cases118/14662/80
Okushin (PSM)17%0.83 · 0.40–1.74symp. case10/4712/47
Okushin (PSM)0%1.00 · 0.57–1.76cases16/4716/47
Okushin (PSM)0%1.00 · 0.46–2.18symp. case10/4710/47
Okushin (PSM)−7%1.07 · 0.60–1.90cases16/4715/47
Ojeda-Fernández−7%1.07 · 0.79–1.44death54/219259/1,141
Ojeda-Fernández4%0.96 · 0.25–3.65ICU3/21915/1,141
Ojeda-Fernández−6%1.06 · 0.83–1.36hosp.77/219393/1,141
Ojeda-Fernández3%0.97 · 0.81–1.16casesn/an/a
Ojeda-Fernández−1%1.01 · 0.81–1.27cases83/1,687399/7,930
Ojeda-Fernández9%0.91 · 0.66–1.19cases43/1,125273/6,731
Marrone−7%1.07 · 0.69–1.64death26/108118/521
Ming13%0.87 · 0.77–0.98cases185/3,804297/5,060high vs. low
Gao12%0.88 · 0.75–0.99cases114/163183/230
Costello24%0.76 · 0.53–1.08death7,225 (n)4,080 (n)
Costello19%0.81 · 0.68–0.96hosp.7,225 (n)4,080 (n)
Costello21%0.79 · 0.67–0.93death/hosp.7,225 (n)4,080 (n)
Corpechot−54%1.54 · 0.44–5.40death3/1,32213/8,825
Corpechot19%0.81 · 0.29–2.28ICU4/1,32233/8,825
Corpechot40%0.60 · 0.29–1.24hosp.1,322 (n)8,825 (n)
Corpechot52%0.48 · 0.20–1.19hosp.6/1,32280/8,825
Corpechot7%0.93 · 0.26–3.29hosp.case-control study
Cui (PSM)48%0.52 · 0.31–0.89no recov.13/6451/131
Cui (PSM)83%0.17 · 0.06–0.49cases78 (n)137 (n)
Zheng62%0.38 · 0.16–0.91death42 (n)125 (n)
Li (PSM)21%0.79 · 0.69–0.90symp. case93/12859/64
Li (PSM)19%0.81 · 0.71–0.91cases95/12859/64
Li18%0.82 · 0.68–0.99progression93 (n)59 (n)
Li18%0.82 · 0.68–0.98progression63/9349/59
Li26%0.74 · 0.60–0.92progression55/9347/59
Li57%0.43 · 0.31–0.59progression31/9346/59
Li−5%1.05 · 0.73–1.51progression43/9326/59
Li18%0.82 · 0.56–1.20progression35/9327/59
Li31%0.69 · 0.49–0.99progression35/9332/59
Li−34%1.34 · 0.83–2.16progression36/9317/59
Li−13%1.13 · 0.64–2.00progression25/9314/59
Li10%0.90 · 0.46–1.74progression17/9312/59
Li−11%1.11 · 0.50–2.48progression14/938/59
Lee57%0.43 · 0.12–1.52severe case2,934 (n)2,934 (n)
Lee (PSM)79%0.21 · 0.09–0.46severe case414 (n)414 (n)
Lee (PSM)23%0.77 · 0.62–0.95severe case2,934 (n)2,934 (n)
Lee15%0.85 · 0.67–1.09casespopulation-based cohort
Lee (PSM)29%0.71 · 0.52–0.98cases20,296 (n)20,296 (n)
Lee (PSM)7%0.93 · 0.90–0.96casespopulation-based cohort
Moon (PSM)33%0.67 · 0.46–0.98severe casecase-control study
Moon (PSM)20%0.80 · 0.76–0.85casescase-control study
Sakamaki−79%1.79 · 1.69–1.89severe casepopulation-based cohort
Okushin (PSM)−72%1.72 · 1.07–2.78death43/57825/578
Okushin (PSM)−57%1.57 · 0.61–4.03ventilation11/5787/578
Okushin (PSM)−3%1.03 · 0.83–1.28oxygen131/578127/578
Okushin (PSM)−4%1.04 · 0.94–1.15hosp.325/578313/578
Hu89%0.11 · 0.01–0.87severe case1/3099/309
Hu25%0.75 · 0.69–0.81symp. case216/309289/309
Li9%0.91 · 0.43–1.91death833 (n)3,638 (n)
Li21%0.79 · 0.43–1.44death833 (n)3,638 (n)
Li−35%1.35 · 0.60–3.05ICU833 (n)3,638 (n)
Li−16%1.16 · 0.83–1.62hosp.833 (n)3,638 (n)
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