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Comparison of treatment of COVID-19 with inhaled bromhexine, higher doses of colchicine and hymecromone with WHO-recommended paxlovid, molnupiravir, remdesivir, anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies and baricitinib

Mitev, V., Pharmacia, doi:10.3897/pharmacia.70.e112550
Oct 2023  
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Review of treatment of COVID-19 with inhaled bromhexine, higher doses of colchicine and hymecromone compared to WHO-recommended paxlovid, molnupiravir, remdesivir, anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies, and baricitinib. The author argues that the main cause of death in COVID-19 is cytokine storm caused by NLRP3 inflammasome hyperreaction, and proposes a therapeutic strategy based on inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 cell entry with bromhexine and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome with higher doses of colchicine. Author reports that in 452 inpatients treated with higher colchicine doses, mortality was about 5 times lower than the control group, and argues the doses used are safe and that attending physicians must be familiar with potential side effects and drug interactions. Author also includes the hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor hymecromone in their inpatient treatment regimen. Overall, the author concludes that treatment with inhaled bromhexine, colchicine and hymecromone is more effective, safer and cheaper than the WHO-recommended drugs.
Reviews covering bromhexine for COVID-19 include1-3.
Review covers bromhexine and colchicine.
Mitev et al., 20 Oct 2023, peer-reviewed, 1 author. Contact: vmitev@mu-sofia.bg.
This PaperBromhexineAll
Comparison of treatment of COVID-19 with inhaled bromhexine, higher doses of colchicine and hymecromone with WHO-recommended paxlovid, molnupiravir, remdesivir, anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies and baricitinib
Vanyo Mitev
Pharmacia, doi:10.3897/pharmacia.70.e112550
Millions of publications and thousands of clinical trials have not led to the discovery of an effective treatment for COVID-19. We believe that the reason for this is the inaccurate strategy of inhibiting target molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The leading cause of death in COVID-19 is the cytokine storm, which is caused by an NLRP3 inflammasome hyperreaction. WHO recommends for the outpatients treatment drugs blocking the replication of SARS-CoV-2. However, viral load and replication are not directly related to NLRP3 inflammasome hyperreactivity. This also explains the partial success of the WHO favorite paxlovid to reduce hospitalizations (51%). For hospital treatment, WHO suggests antibodies against the interleukin-6 receptor and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition. Although important, IL-6 is one of dozens of cytokines elevated as a consequence of cytokine storm. The JAK inhibitor baricitinib inhibited the effect of not only IL-6 but also other elevated cytokines. But if the NLRP3 inflammasome is inhibited, the cytokines will not be elevated, and there will be no need for baricitinib. All medicines recommended by the WHO are distinguished by their very high prices. Our therapeutic strategy is based on inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell and inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. We offer two readily available, cheap and well-known medications -bromhexine hydrochloride and colchicine. The many studies on the treatment of COVID-19 so far have not produced the expected result. The devil is buried in the details. For bromhexine, the reason is the way and its late application. Bromhexine is most effective when given prophylactically or started by inhalation after contact with a person with COVID-19. Its earliest possible application is crucial for its effect. Increased doses of colchicine are necessary for COVID-19 treatment due to the fact that it accumulates in leukocytes, and this leads to inhibition of NLRP3. The high doses we administer have been given widely in the past and are completely safe. Our highest dose is about 5 times lower per kg of weight than the lowest severe toxic dose of colchicine described. Our results show about a 5-fold decrease in hospital mortality and almost complete prevention of hospitalizations if outpatients are treated with inhaled bromhexine and colchicine.
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We believe that the reason for this is the ' 'inaccurate strategy of inhibiting target molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the ' 'disease.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>The leading cause of death in COVID-19 is the cytokine storm, which is ' 'caused by an NLRP3 inflammasome hyperreaction. WHO recommends for the outpatients treatment ' 'drugs blocking the replication of SARS-CoV-2. However, viral load and replication are not ' 'directly related to NLRP3 inflammasome hyperreactivity. This also explains the partial ' 'success of the WHO favorite paxlovid to reduce hospitalizations (51%). For hospital ' 'treatment, WHO suggests antibodies against the interleukin-6 receptor and Janus kinase (JAK) ' 'inhibition. Although important, IL-6 is one of dozens of cytokines elevated as a consequence ' 'of cytokine storm. The JAK inhibitor baricitinib inhibited the effect of not only IL-6 but ' 'also other elevated cytokines. But if the NLRP3 inflammasome is inhibited, the cytokines will ' 'not be elevated, and there will be no need for baricitinib. All medicines recommended by the ' 'WHO are distinguished by their very high prices.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>Our therapeutic strategy is based on inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry into ' 'the cell and inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. We offer two readily available, cheap and ' 'well-known medications - bromhexine hydrochloride and colchicine. The many studies on the ' 'treatment of COVID-19 so far have not produced the expected result. The devil is buried in ' 'the details.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>For bromhexine, the reason is the way and its late application. Bromhexine ' 'is most effective when given prophylactically or started by inhalation after contact with a ' 'person with COVID-19. Its earliest possible application is crucial for its effect.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>Increased doses of colchicine are necessary for COVID-19 treatment due to ' 'the fact that it accumulates in leukocytes, and this leads to inhibition of NLRP3. The high ' 'doses we administer have been given widely in the past and are completely safe. Our highest ' 'dose is about 5 times lower per kg of weight than the lowest severe toxic dose of colchicine ' 'described. Our results show about a 5-fold decrease in hospital mortality and almost complete ' 'prevention of hospitalizations if outpatients are treated with inhaled bromhexine and ' 'colchicine.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.3897/pharmacia.70.e112550', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 10, 20]], 'date-time': '2023-10-20T13:50:25Z', 'timestamp': 1697809825000}, 'page': '1177-1193', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 9, 'title': '\ufeffComparison of treatment of COVID-19 with inhaled bromhexine, higher doses of colchicine ' 'and hymecromone with WHO-recommended paxlovid, molnupiravir, remdesivir, anti-IL-6 receptor ' 'antibodies and baricitinib', 'prefix': '10.3897', 'volume': '70', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7528-590X', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Vanyo', 'family': 'Mitev', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '2258', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 10, 20]]}, 'reference': [ {'key': '112550_B1', 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Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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