Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
 
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchIota-carrageenanIota-carragee.. (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2

Meister et al., Journal of Hospital Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019
Feb 2022  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
In Vitro study of seven nasal sprays and two oral sprays showing 3.4x lower viral load (log viral load 5.98->5.45) with a nasal spray containing carragelose (1.2 mg/mL), kappa-carrageenan (0.4 mg/mL), and sodium chlorite.
The most effective nasal spray was sodium hypochlorite (<0.08%), lithium-magnesium-sodium-silicate, showing 162x lower viral load (log 5.78->3.57), while an oral spray based on essential oils showed the greatest efficacy (anise oil, eucalyptus oil, levomenthol, myrrh extract, clove oil, peppermint oil ratanhia root extract, tormentil root extract), with >24,000x lower viral load (log 6.23->1.84).
15 preclinical studies support the efficacy of iota-carrageenan for COVID-19:
Meister et al., 28 Feb 2022, Germany, peer-reviewed, 9 authors. Contact: eike.steinmann@ruhr-uni-bochum.de.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
This PaperIota-carragee..All
Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
T L Meister, D Todt, Y Brüggemann, J Steinmann, S Banava, F H H Brill, J Steinmann, S Pfaender, E Steinmann
Journal of Hospital Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019
The highest viral loads of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 are detectable in the oral cavity, so a potential reduction of infectious virus by nasal and oral sprays could reduce transmission. Therefore, the inactivation capacity of nine nasal and oral sprays was evaluated according to EN 14476. One nasal spray based on sodium hypochlorite and one oral spray containing essential oils reduced viral titres by two to three orders of magnitude. Although clinical data are still sparse, nasal and oral sprays display a more convenient application for elderly people or those who are unable to rinse/gargle.
References
Fazekas, Eickhoff, Pruckner, Vollnhofer, Fischmeister et al., Lessons learned from a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study with a iota-carrageenan nasal spray as medical device in children with acute symptoms of common cold, BMC Complement Altern Med
Herrera, Serrano, Rolda ´n, Sanz, Is the oral cavity relevant in SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?, Clin Oral Investig
Kramer, Eggers, Hu ¨bner N-O, Walger, Steinmann et al., Virucidal gargling and virucidal nasal spray, GMS Hyg Infect Control
Meister, Bru ¨ggemann, Todt, Conzelmann, Mu ¨ller et al., Virucidal efficacy of different oral rinses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, J Infect Dis
Meister, Fortmann, Todt, Heinen, Ludwig et al., Comparable environmental stability and disinfection profiles of the currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7 and B.1.351, J Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab260
Morokutti-Kurz, ¨ba, Graf, Große, Grassauer et al., Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication in vitro, PLoS One
O'donnell, Thomas, Stanton, Maillard, Murphy et al., Potential role of oral rinses targeting the viral lipid envelope in SARS-CoV-2 infection, Function
Sanekata, Fukuda, Miura, Morino, Lee et al., Evaluation of the antiviral activity of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite against feline calicivirus, human influenza virus, measles virus, canine distemper virus, human herpesvirus, human adenovirus, canine adenovirus and canine parvovirus, Biocontrol Sci
Schu ¨tz, Conzelmann, Fois, Groß, Weil et al., Carrageenan-containing over-the-counter nasal and oral sprays inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway epithelial cultures, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 1, 2]], 'date-time': '2023-01-02T08:48:14Z', 'timestamp': 1672649294943}, 'reference-count': 10, 'publisher': 'Elsevier BV', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 2, 1]], 'date-time': '2022-02-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1643673600000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 11, 6]], 'date-time': '2021-11-06T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1636156800000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'clinicalkey.jp', 'clinicalkey.com', 'clinicalkey.es', 'journalofhospitalinfection.com', 'clinicalkey.fr', 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'elsevier.com', 'sciencedirect.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2022, 2]]}, 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2021, 11, 6]], 'date-time': '2021-11-06T23:31:30Z', 'timestamp': 1636241490000}, 'page': '9-13', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 9, 'title': 'Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2', 'prefix': '10.1016', 'volume': '120', 'author': [ {'given': 'T.L.', 'family': 'Meister', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'D.', 'family': 'Todt', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Y.', 'family': 'Brüggemann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'J.', 'family': 'Steinmann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'S.', 'family': 'Banava', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'F.H.H.', 'family': 'Brill', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'J.', 'family': 'Steinmann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'S.', 'family': 'Pfaender', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'E.', 'family': 'Steinmann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '78', 'reference': [ { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2925', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00784-020-03413-2', 'article-title': 'Is the oral cavity relevant in SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'Herrera', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Clin Oral Investig'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib2', 'article-title': 'Virucidal gargling and virucidal nasal spray', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Kramer', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'GMS Hyg Infect Control'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib3', 'series-title': 'Umgang mit zahnmedizinischen Patienten bei Belastung mit ' 'Aerosol-übertragbaren Erregern', 'year': '2020'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib4', 'article-title': 'Potential role of oral rinses targeting the viral lipid envelope in ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection', 'volume': '1', 'author': "O'Donnell", 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Function'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1289', 'DOI': '10.1093/infdis/jiaa471', 'article-title': 'Virucidal efficacy of different oral rinses against severe acute ' 'respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2', 'volume': '222', 'author': 'Meister', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'J\xa0Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'article-title': 'Comparable environmental stability and disinfection profiles of the ' 'currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7 and ' 'B.1.351', 'author': 'Meister', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J\xa0Infect Dis', 'DOI': '10.1093/infdis/jiab260'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '45', 'DOI': '10.4265/bio.15.45', 'article-title': 'Evaluation of the antiviral activity of chlorine dioxide and sodium ' 'hypochlorite against feline calicivirus, human influenza virus, measles ' 'virus, canine distemper virus, human herpesvirus, human adenovirus, ' 'canine adenovirus and canine parvovirus', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'Sanekata', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'Biocontrol Sci'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'L750', 'DOI': '10.1152/ajplung.00552.2020', 'article-title': 'Carrageenan-containing over-the-counter nasal and oral sprays inhibit ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway epithelial cultures', 'volume': '320', 'author': 'Schütz', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0237480', 'article-title': 'Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication ' 'in\xa0vitro', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Morokutti-Kurz', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'PLoS One'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019_bib10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1186/1472-6882-12-147', 'article-title': 'Lessons learned from a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study ' 'with a iota-carrageenan nasal spray as medical device in children with ' 'acute symptoms of common cold', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Fazekas', 'year': '2012', 'journal-title': 'BMC Complement Altern Med'}], 'container-title': 'Journal of Hospital Infection', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0195670121003832?httpAccept=text/xml', 'content-type': 'text/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0195670121003832?httpAccept=text/plain', 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 2, 8]], 'date-time': '2022-02-08T22:03:52Z', 'timestamp': 1644357832000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195670121003832'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2022, 2]]}, 'references-count': 10, 'alternative-id': ['S0195670121003832'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0195-6701'], 'subject': ['Infectious Diseases', 'Microbiology (medical)', 'General Medicine'], 'container-title-short': 'Journal of Hospital Infection', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2022, 2]]}, 'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'}, { 'value': 'Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome ' 'coronavirus-2', 'name': 'articletitle', 'label': 'Article Title'}, {'value': 'Journal of Hospital Infection', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019', 'name': 'articlelink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'}, {'value': 'article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'}, { 'value': '© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Healthcare ' 'Infection Society.', 'name': 'copyright', 'label': 'Copyright'}]}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit