Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
Meister et al.,
Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2,
Journal of Hospital Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2021.10.019 (In Vitro)
In Vitro study of seven nasal sprays and two oral sprays showing 3.4x lower viral load (log viral load 5.98->5.45) with a nasal spray containing carragelose (1.2 mg/mL), kappa-carrageenan (0.4 mg/mL), and sodium chlorite.
The most effective nasal spray was sodium hypochlorite (<0.08%), lithium-magnesium-sodium-silicate, showing 162x lower viral load (log 5.78->3.57), while an oral spray based on essential oils showed the greatest efficacy (anise oil, eucalyptus oil, levomenthol, myrrh extract, clove oil, peppermint oil ratanhia root extract, tormentil root extract), with >24,000x lower viral load (log 6.23->1.84).
9
In Vitro studies support the efficacy of iota-carrageenan
[Alsaidi, Bansal, Bovard, Fröba, Meister, Morokutti-Kurz, Morokutti-Kurz (B), Song, Varese].
Meister et al., 28 Feb 2022, Germany, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
Contact:
eike.steinmann@ruhr-uni-bochum.de.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
Abstract: Journal of Hospital Infection 120 (2022) 9e13
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Journal of Hospital Infection
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhin
Short Report
Virucidal activity of nasal sprays against severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
T.L. Meister a, D. Todt a, b, Y. Brüggemann a, J. Steinmann c, d, S. Banava e,
F.H.H. Brill f, J. Steinmann f, S. Pfaender a, E. Steinmann a, *
a
Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
European Virus Bioinformatics Centre, Jena, Germany
c
Institute of Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Infectiology, General Hospital Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University,
Nuremberg, Germany
d
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
e
Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
f
Dr. Brill þ Partner GmbH Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
b
A R T I C L E
I N F O
Article history:
Received 18 June 2021
Accepted 23 October 2021
Available online 6 November
2021
Keywords:
Nasal spray
Oral spray
Severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARSCoV-2)
Oral cavity
Nasopharynx
Transmission
Inactivation
Quantitative suspension test
S U M M A R Y
The highest viral loads of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 are detectable
in the oral cavity, so a potential reduction of infectious virus by nasal and oral sprays could
reduce transmission. Therefore, the inactivation capacity of nine nasal and oral sprays was
evaluated according to EN 14476. One nasal spray based on sodium hypochlorite and one
oral spray containing essential oils reduced viral titres by two to three orders of magnitude. Although clinical data are still sparse, nasal and oral sprays display a more convenient application for elderly people or those who are unable to rinse/gargle.
ª 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd
on behalf of The Healthcare Infection Society. This is an open access article
under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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