Metformin is a potential therapeutic for COVID-19/LUAD by regulating glucose metabolism

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 31]], 'date-time': '2024-05-31T00:30:47Z', 'timestamp': 1717115447478}, 'reference-count': 48, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 30]], 'date-time': '2024-05-30T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1717027200000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 30]], 'date-time': '2024-05-30T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1717027200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [{'name': 'Hebei Health hScientific Research Foundation Project', 'award': ['20220596']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common and ' 'aggressive subtype of lung cancer, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a ' 'serious public health threat worldwide. Patients with LUAD and COVID-19 have a poor ' 'prognosis. Therefore, finding medications that can be used to treat COVID-19/LUAD patients is ' 'essential. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify 20 possible metformin target genes ' 'for the treatment of COVID-19/LUAD. PTEN and mTOR may serve as hub target genes of metformin. ' 'Metformin may be able to cure COVID-19/LUAD comorbidity through energy metabolism, ' 'oxidoreductase NADH activity, FoxO signalling pathway, AMPK signalling system, and mTOR ' 'signalling pathway, among other pathways, according to the results of bioinformatic research. ' 'Metformin has ability to inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells, according to the results of ' 'colony formation and proliferation assays. In A549 cells, metformin increased glucose uptake ' 'and lactate generation, while decreasing ATP synthesis and the NAD<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>/NADH ' 'ratio. In summary, PTEN and mTOR may be potential targets of metformin for the treatment of ' 'COVID-19/LUAD. The mechanism by which metformin inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell ' 'proliferation may be related to glucose metabolism regulated by PI3K/AKT signalling and mTOR ' 'signalling pathways. Our study provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of ' 'COVID-19/LUAD.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-024-63081-0', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 30]], 'date-time': '2024-05-30T03:51:11Z', 'timestamp': 1717041071000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Metformin is a potential therapeutic for COVID-19/LUAD by regulating glucose metabolism', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '14', 'author': [ {'given': 'Yongwang', 'family': 'Hou', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Zhicong', 'family': 'Yang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Baoli', 'family': 'Xiang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jiangmin', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Lina', 'family': 'Geng', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dandan', 'family': 'Xu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Minghua', 'family': 'Zhan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Yuhuan', 'family': 'Xu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Bin', 'family': 'Zhang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 30]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '63081_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1531', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ccell.2021.09.003', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'H Hu', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Hu, H. et al. 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