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17 vitamin A COVID-19 controlled studies, 5 RCTs
62% improvement
for early treatment, RR
0.38
[0.14-1.03]
https://c19early.org/vameta.html
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai
86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
death
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI]
Treatment
Control
Al-Sumiadai
67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
progression
2/50
6/50
Rohani (DB RCT)
26%
0.74 [0.31-1.76]
hosp.
8/89
11/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
32%
0.68 [0.20-2.33]
no recov.
4/89
6/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
80%
0.20 [0.05-0.91]
no recov.
2/89
10/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
87%
0.13 [0.03-0.61]
no recov.
1/89
8/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
49%
0.51 [0.13-1.98]
no recov.
3/89
6/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
63%
0.37 [0.12-1.12]
no recov.
4/89
11/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
20%
0.80 [0.31-2.04]
no recov.
7/89
9/91
Rohani (DB RCT)
40%
0.60 [0.25-1.45]
no recov.
7/89
12/91
Sarohan
-282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
death
9/10
4/17
Beigm.. (SB RCT)
89%
0.11 [0.01-1.98]
death
0/30
4/30
ICU patients CT1
Beigm.. (SB RCT)
41%
0.59 [0.17-1.28]
hosp.
4/30
16/30
ICU patients CT1
Beigm.. (SB RCT)
45%
0.55 [0.38-0.78]
SOFA
30 (n)
30 (n)
ICU patients CT1
Elkazzaz (RCT)
86%
0.14 [0.01-2.60]
death
0/20
3/20
Elkazzaz (RCT)
67%
0.33 [0.08-1.46]
ICU
2/20
6/20
Elkazzaz (RCT)
35%
0.65 [0.55-0.76]
recov. time
20 (n)
20 (n)
Elkazzaz (RCT)
44%
0.56 [0.48-0.65]
viral time
20 (n)
20 (n)
Somi (RCT)
-50%
1.50 [0.29-7.73]
death
3/15
2/15
Somi (RCT)
0%
1.00 [0.24-4.18]
ventilation
3/15
3/15
Somi (RCT)
25%
0.75 [0.20-2.79]
ICU
3/15
4/15
Somi (RCT)
-76%
1.76 [0.73-4.26]
no improv.
15 (n)
15 (n)
Somi (RCT)
-8%
1.08 [0.87-1.34]
hosp. time
15 (n)
15 (n)
Doocy
26%
0.74 [0.11-4.80]
death
1/8
23/136
Chung (RCT)
75%
0.25 [0.06-0.99]
PASC
9 (n)
8 (n)
LONG COVID
Chung (RCT)
68%
0.32 [0.01-6.90]
PASC
0/9
1/8
LONG COVID
Chung (RCT)
70%
0.30 [0.04-2.31]
PASC
1/9
3/8
LONG COVID
Chung (RCT)
75%
0.25 [0.07-0.89]
PASC
2/9
7/8
LONG COVID
Al-Sumiadai
64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
cases
20/97
65/112
COVIDENCE UK
Holt
56%
0.44 [0.06-2.96]
cases
1/91
445/15,136
Nimer
21%
0.79 [0.45-1.35]
hosp.
15/144
204/2,004
Nimer
21%
0.79 [0.46-1.30]
severe case
17/144
243/2,004
Vaisi
17%
0.83 [0.48-1.00]
hosp.
1,140 (n)
2,815 (n)
Vaisi
11%
0.89 [0.69-0.98]
symp. case
1,140 (n)
2,815 (n)
Vitamin A COVID-19 outcomes
c19 early .org Sep 2023
1 CT: study uses combined treatment
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
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